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The effect of photo-irradiation on the growth and ingredient composition of young green barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i>)

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Agricultural Sciences 2013年第4期4卷 185-194页

作者： ryota koga Tianxiao Meng Eriko Nakamura Chizuru Miura Nobuto Irino Hari Prasad Devkota Shoji Yahara Ryuichiro Kondo Department of Agro-Environmental Science Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan

We clarified that photo-irradiation of young green barley from three different light sources, natural light, 100% red light-emitting diodes (R-LEDs), and a mixture of 90% red-LEDs + 10% blue-LEDs (RB-LEDs), had significantly different results in growth degree (weight and height) and in components of young green barley. Barley that has sprouted for 15 days after germination did not show any apparent difference in height in response to irradiation by the three tested light sources, but by the 20th day of sprouting the height showed a positive effect by R-LEDs irradiation. By 15 days of sprouting the barley had achieved the heaviest weight by natural light irradiation, while the barley irradiated by R-LEDs had made remarkable progress at 20 days of sprouting. On the other hand, the irradiation by RB-LEDs showed a suppressive tendency after 15 days or more. The amino acid content, as indicated by dry weight conversion, was greatest in the barley irradiated by RB-LEDs, followed by R-LEDs, and natural light, which showed that LEDs irradiation is effective. In addition, four cyanogenic glucosides were isolated, identified, and quantified, as they are components frequently assessed in barley research. With regard to vitamin E, R-LEDs irradiation increased γ-tocopherol. Our results indicate that irradiation by LEDs would be effective for the enhancement of the functionality of young green barley.

关键词： Hordeum Vulgare LEDs Cyanogenic Glucosides Amino Acid Tocopherol SEM

From text to image:challenges in integrating vision into ChatGPT for medical image interpretation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 487-488页

作者： Shunsuke koga Wei Du Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Hospital of the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA

Large language models(LLMs),such as ChatGPT developed by OpenAI,represent a significant advancement in artificial intelligence(AI),designed to understand,generate,and interpret human language by analyzing extensive text *** potential integration into clinical settings offers a promising avenue that could transform clinical diagnosis and decision-making processes in the future(Thirunavukarasu et al.,2023).This article aims to provide an in-depth analysis of LLMs’current and potential impact on clinical *** ability to generate differential diagnosis lists underscores their potential as invaluable tools in medical practice and education(Hirosawa et al.,2023;koga et al.,2023).

关键词： image diagnosis text

The deterministic condition for the ground reaction force acting point on the combined knee valgus and tibial internal rotation moments in early phase of cutting maneuvers in female athletes

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 376-386页

作者： Issei Ogasawara Ken Ohta Gajanan S.Revankar Shoji Konda Yohei Shimokochi Hideyuki koga Ken Nakata Department of Health and Sport Sciences Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversityToyonaka 560-0043Japan Sports Sensing Co. LTD.Fukuoka 815-0035Japan Department of Neurology Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuita 565-0871Japan Department of Health and Sport Management Osaka University of Health and Sport SciencesSennan-gun 590-0496Japan Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyo-ku 113-8519Japan

Background:Combined knee valgus and tibial internal rotation(VL+IR)moments have been shown to stress the anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)in several in vitro cadaveric *** utilize this knowledge for non-contact ACL injury prevention in sports,it is necessary to elucidate how the ground reaction force(GRF)acting point(center of pressure(CoP))in the stance foot produces combined knee VL+IR moments in risky maneuvers,such as ***,the effects of the GRF acting point on the development of the combined knee VL+IR moment in cutting are still ***:We first established the deterministic mechanical condition that the CoP position relative to the tibial rotational axis differentiates the GRF vector’s directional probability for developing the combined knee VL+IR moment,and theoretically predicted that when the CoP is posterior to the tibial rotational axis,the GRF vector is more likely to produce the combined knee VL+IR moment than when the CoP is anterior to the tibial rotational ***,we tested a stochastic aspect of our theory in a lab-controlled in vivo *** females performed 60˚cutting under forefoot/rearfoot strike conditions(10 trials each).The positions of lower limb markers and GRF data were measured,and the knee moment due to GRF vector was *** trials were divided into anterior-and posterior-CoP groups depending on the CoP position relative to the tibial rotational axis at each 10 ms interval from 0 to 100 ms after foot strike,and the occurrence rate of the combined knee VL+IR moment was compared between trial ***:The posterior-CoP group showed significantly higher occurrence rates of the combined knee VL+IR moment(maximum of 82.8%)at every time point than those of the anterior-CoP trials,as theoretically predicted by the deterministic mechanical ***:The rearfoot strikes inducing the posterior CoP should be avoided to reduce the risk of non-contact ACL injury associated with the com

关键词： Center of pressure Deterministic condition Foot strike pattern Injury mechanism Moment of ground reaction force

Pulmonary artery diameter ratio as a prognostic indicator of congenital diaphragmatic hernia

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第1期7卷 20-25页

作者： Yuichiro Miyake Hiroyuki koga Shuko Nojiri Shunsuke Yamada Takanori Ochi Go Miyano Geoffrey J Lane Atsuyuki Yamataka Tadaharu Okazaki Department of Pediatric General and Urogenital Surgery Juntendo University School of MedicineBunkyo-kuTokyoJapan Department of Medical Technology Innovation Center Juntendo UniversityBunkyo-ku TokyoJapan Department of Pediatric Surgery Juntendo University Urayasu HospitalUrayasuChibaJapan

Background Following on from an earlier study published in 2008 about left pulmonary artery(LPA)flow measured on serial echocardiography being strongly prognostic in left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia(CDH)and the ratio of LPA to right pulmonary artery(RPA)diameters being a simple and reliable indicator for commencing nitric oxide(NO)therapy,the ratio of LPA:RPA diameters(PA ratio orPAR)was hypothesized to possibly reflect cardiopulmonary stresses accompanying CDH *** Subjects with isolated left-sided CDH treated between 2007 and 2020 at a single pediatric surgical center were recruited and classified according to *** obtained retrospectively for subject demographics,clinical course,LPA/RPA diameters,and PAR were compared between survivors and *** value of PAR for optimizing the prognostic value of PA diameter data in CDH were analyzed with receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve *** Of 65 subjects,there were 54 survivors(82.3%)and 11 non-survivors(17.7%);7 of 11 non-survivors died before surgical repair could be *** PAR for survivors(0.851±0.152)was significantly higher than for non-survivors(0.672±0.108)(p=0.0003).Mean PAR for non-survivors was not affected by surgical *** of survivors were:LPA≥2 mm(n=52 of 54;mean PAR=0.866±0.146)and RPA≥3mm(n=46 of 54;mean PAR=0.857±0.152).Non-survivors with similar LPA and RPA diameters to survivors had significantly lower mean *** curve cut-off for PAR was *** with high PAR(≥0.762)required high-frequency oscillatory ventilation/NO less than subjects with low PAR(<0.762)(p=0.0244 and p=0.0485,respectively)and subjects with high PAR stabilized significantly earlier than subjects with low PAR(1.71±0.68 days vs 3.20±0.87 days)(p<0.0001).Conclusions PAR would appear to be strongly correlated with clinical outcome in CDH and be useful for planning management of cardiopulmonary instability in CDH.

关键词： hernia congenital diameters

Kidney GATA3^(+) regulatory T cells play roles in the convalescence stage after antibody-mediated renal injury

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第5期18卷 1249-1261页

作者： ryota Sakai Minako Ito Kyoko Komai Mana Iizuka-koga Kazuhiko Matsuo Takashi Nakayama Osamu Yoshie Koichi Amano Hiroshi Nishimasu Osamu Nureki Masato Kubo Akihiko Yoshimura Department of Microbiology and Immunology Keio University School of Medicine35 ShinanomachiShinjuku-kuTokyo160-8582Japan Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Saitama Medical CenterSaitama Medical University1981 KamodaKawagoe350-8550Japan Medical Institute of Bioregulation Kyushu University 3-1-1 MaidashiHigashi-kuFukuoka812-8582Japan Division of Chemotherapy Kindai University Faculty of PharmacyHigashi-Osaka577-8502Japan The Health and Kampo Institute SendaiMiyagi981-3205Japan Department of Biological Science Graduate School of ScienceThe University of Tokyo7-3-1 HongoBunkyo-kuTokyo113-0033Japan Center for Animal Disease Models Research Institute for Biomedical ScienceTokyo University of Science2669 YamazakiNoda-shiChiba278-0022Japan

FoxP3^(+)regulatory T cells(Tregs)play crucial roles in peripheral immune *** addition,Tregs that reside or accumulate in nonlymphoid tissues,called tissue Tregs,exhibit tissue-specific functions and contribute to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and *** an experimental mouse model of crescentic glomerulonephritis induced by an anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody,Tregs started to accumulate in the kidney on day 10 of disease onset and remained at high levels(~30–35%of CD4^(+)T cells)during the late stage(days 21–90),which correlated with stable disease *** depletion on day 21 resulted in the relapse of renal dysfunction and an increase in Th1 cells,suggesting that Tregs are essential for disease control during the convalescence *** Tregs that accumulated in the kidney showed tissue Treg phenotypes,including high expression of GATA3,ST2(the IL33 receptor subunit),amphiregulin(Areg),and PPARγ.Although T-bet^(+) Tregs and RORγt^(+) Tregs were observed in the kidney,GATA3^(+) Tregs were predominant during the convalescence stage,and a PPARγagonist enhanced the accumulation of GATA3^(+) Tregs in the *** understand the function of specific genes in kidney Tregs,we developed a novel T cell transfer system to T cell-deficient *** experiment demonstrates that ST2,Areg,and CCR4 in Tregs play important roles in the accumulation of GATA3^(+) Tregs in the kidney and in the amelioration of renal *** data suggest that GATA3 is important for the recruitment of Tregs into the kidney,which is necessary for convalescence after renal tissue destruction.

关键词： Tissue Tregs autoantibody GATA3 kidney IL-33

Microbiota in the stomach and application of probiotics to gastroduodenal diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第47期28卷 6702-6715页

作者： Yasuhiro koga Japanese Society for Probiotic Science Isehara 259-1143Japan

The stomach is a hostile environment for most microbes because strong gastric acid kills indigenous ***,the mass of indigenous microbes detected by traditional culturing method in a highly acidic stomach is reported to be very ***,in a stomach with less acidity due to atrophic changes of the gastric mucosa,the number of live gastric microbiota dramatically increases and their composition changes.A probiotic is defined as a live microorganism that,when administered in adequate amounts,confers a health benefit on the *** administration of probiotics to the stomach has thus far been considered impractical,mainly due to the strong acidity in the *** identification of candidate probiotic strains with sufficient resistance to acidity and the ability to achieve close proximity to the gastric mucosa could enable the application of probiotics to the *** utilization of probiotics alone for Helicobacter pylori(***)infection significantly improves gastric mucosal inflammation and decreases the density of *** on the mucosa,although complete eradication of *** has not yet been *** use of probiotics in combination with antimicrobial agents significantly increases the *** eradication rate,especially when the *** strains are resistant to antimicrobial *** *** has been considered the most important pathogenic bacterium for the development of gastric cancer,bacteria other than *** are also suggested to be causative pathogens that promote the development of gastric cancer,even after the eradication of *** *** Gram-negative bacteria in the stomach with weak acidity accompanying atrophic gastritis may perpetuate gastric mucosal inflammation and accelerate carcinogenic progression,even after *** *** restore the acidity in this stomach environment and may therefore prevent the development of gastric cancer by termination of Gram-negative ba

关键词： Stomach Microbiota Probiotics Helicobacter pylori Post-eradication gastric cancers Functional dyspepsia

Beyond management to conquer life-threatening tumor thrombosis in hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第5期11卷 773-774页

作者： Hironori koga Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineKurume University School of MedicineKurumeJapan

Hepatic vein tumor thrombus(HVTT),together with portal vein tumor thrombus(PVTT),is a major determinant of survival outcome in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).HVTT can be an oncologic emergency,especially when it invades beyond IVC into the right atrium,where it can cause sudden death from pulmonary *** studies using large numbers of patients are generally difficult in this relatively rare and urgent *** this context,the multicenter study conducted by Chen et *** significant,albeit retrospective(1).

关键词： hepatocellular thrombus al.

HYDRATION AND PHASE SEPARATION OF TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE WATER-SOLUBLE POLYMERS

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2011年第1期29卷 13-21页

作者： Fumihiko Tanaka Tsuyoshi koga Hiroyuki Kojima Francoise M.Winnik Department of Polymer Chemistry Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Department of Chemistry and Faculty of Pharmacy University of Montréal

Collapse of a poly（N-isopropylacrylamide）（PNIPAM） chain upon heating and phase diagrams of aqueous PNIPAM solutions with very fiat LCST phase separation line are theoretically studied on the basis of cooperative dehydration （simultaneous dissociation of bound water molecules in a group of correlated sequence）, and compared with the experimental observation of temperature-induced coil-globule transition by light scattering methods. The transition becomes sharper with the cooperativity parameter σ of hydration. Reentrant coil-globule-coil transition in mixed solvent of water and methanol is also studied from the viewpoint of competitive hydrogen bonds between polymer-water and polymer-methanol. The downward shift of the cloud-point curves （LCST cononsolvency） with the mole fraction of methanol due to the competition is calculated and compared with the experimental data. Aqueous solutions of hydophobically-modified PNIPAM carrying short alkyl chains at both chain ends （telechelic PNIPAM） are theoretically and experimentally studied. The LCST of these solutions is found to shift downward along the sol-gel transition curve as a result of end-chain association （association-induced phase separation）, and separate from the coil-globule transition line. Associated structures in the solution, such as flower micelles, mesoglobules and higher fractal assembly, are studied by USANS with theoretical modeling of the scattering function.

关键词： Cooperative dehydration LCST phase separation Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Cononsolvency Coil-globule transition Flower micelle.

Spin Interference in Rectangle Loop Based on Rashba and Dresselhaus Spin-Orbit Interactions

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Chinese Physics Letters 2009年第12期26卷 210-212页

作者：倪佳婷梁小婉陈斌 T.koga Department of Physics Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310018 Department of Physics Oklahoma State University Stillwater 74075 USA Zhejiang Economic and Trade Polytechnic Hangzhou 310036 Division of Electronics for Informatics Graduate School of Information Science and Technology Hokkaido University N-14 W-9 Kita-ku Sapporo Hokkaido 060-0814 Japan CREST Japan Science and Technology Agency 4-1-8 Honchou Kawaguchi Saitama 332-0012 Japan

We demonstrate the amplitude and spin polarization of AAS oscillation changing with Rashba spin-orbit interaction （SOI） and Dresselhaus SOI. The amplitude and spin polarization of AB oscillation changing with Rashba SOI and Dresselhaus SOI are demonstrated as well. The ideal quasi-one-dimensional square loop does not exist in reality, therefore to match the experiment better we should consider the shape of the rectangle loop in theory.

关键词： Chinese climate network complex systems small world community