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The Shift of the Ischial Region during Maneuvering the Standard Wheelchair and the Electric Wheelchair in Healthy Adults

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2021年第7期12卷 297-305页

作者： Mikiko Uemura Masaharu Sugimoto ryoko shimizu Noriaki Maeshige Yoshiyuki Yoshikawa Hidemi Fujino Faculty of Health Science Department of Rehabilitation Kansai University of Welfare Sciences Kashiwara Japan Department of Rehabilitation Science Graduate School of Health Sciences Kobe University Kobe Japan Toyama Rehabilitation Medical Health and Welfare College Toyama Japan Department of Rehabilitation Kansai Medical University Hospital Hirakata Japan Faculty of Health Sciences Department of Rehabilitation Naragakuen University Nara Japan

Pressure injuries are frequent secondary complications that occur in patients with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI), and the recurrence rate of ischial pressure injury is highest in SCI patients. Most SCI patients use wheelchairs, and some studies have shown a relationship between buttock pressure and sitting posture. However, the pressure distribution during wheelchair maneuvering is unclear. We measured and compared the shift of the ischial region when maneuvering a standard wheelchair or electric wheelchair in healthy adults. The subjects drove wheelchairs on a flat ground of 10 m and the shift of ischial region was measured with a pressure distribution-measuring device. The ischial region shifted forward or backward while maneuvering both the standard wheelchair and the electric wheelchair, and the shift rate of the ischial region was not significantly different between the standard wheelchair and the electric wheelchair. The ischial region shift occurred when the forward head moved by the video while maneuvering both a standard wheelchair and an electric wheelchair. Therefore, the shift might occurred because the pelvis shifted forward in conjunction with head movement during maneuvering of both the standard wheelchair and the electric wheelchair. This result showed that it is important to reduce head and trunk movements when maneuvering a wheelchair to reduce the shear force on the buttocks and prevent pressure injuries.

关键词： Spinal Cord Injury Pressure Ulcer Wheelchair Buttock Pressure

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Disruption of neuronal actin barrier promotes the entry of disease-implicated proteins to exacerbate amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2589-2590页

作者： Mikio shimizu Tatsusada Okuno Department of Neurology Osaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan Department of Neurology Osaka General Medical CenterOsakaJapan

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a devastating neurological disease characterized by the accumulation of aberrant proteins in motor neurons of the brain and spinal *** with ALS develop skeletal muscle weakness,resulting in death from respiratory paralysis,which usually occurs 2-4 years after clinical onset(Goutman et al.,2022).

关键词： paralysis sclerosis

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FE FORMULATION FOR THE VISCOELASTIC BODY MODELED BY FRACTIONAL CONSTITUTIVE LAW

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2001年第4期17卷 354-365页

作者：张卫 Nobuyuki shimizu Institute of Applied Mechanics Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Department of Mechanical Engineering Iwaki Meisei UniversityJapan

This paper presents finite element (FE) formulation of the viscoelastic materials described by fractional constitutive law. The time-domain three-dimensional constitutive equation is constructed. The FE equations are set up by treating the fractional operator as a special case of the hereditary integration. The equations are solved by numerical integration method. The numerical algorithm developed by the authors for Liouville-Riemann's fractional derivative was adopted to formulate FE procedures and extended to solve the more general case of the hereditary integration. The numerical examples were given to show the correctness and effectiveness of the integration algorithm.

关键词： viscoelasticity fractional calculus FEM polymer materials

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T cell immunopathogenesis and immunotherapeutic strategies for chronic hepatitis B virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第20期18卷 2443-2451页

作者： Yukihiro shimizu Gastroenterology Unit Takaoka City Hospital 4-1 Takara-machi Takaoka city Toyama 933-8550 Japan

Hepatitis B is caused by the host immune response and T cells play a major role in the immunopathogenesis. More importantly,T cells not only destroy hepatocytes infected by hepatitis B virus(HBV),but also control HBV replication or eradicate HBV in a noncytolytic ***,analysis of T cell immune response during acute and chronic HBV infection is important to develop a strategy for successful viral control,which could lead to immunotherapy for terminating persistent HBV *** have been many attempts at immunotherapy for chronic HBV infection,and some have shown promising *** viral load has been shown to suppress antiviral immune responses and immunoinhibitory signals have been recently elucidated, therefore,viral suppression by nucleos(t)ide analogs, stimulation of antiviral immune response,and suppression of the immunoinhibitory signals must be combined to achieve desirable antiviral effects.

关键词： T cells Immunopathogenesis Immunotherapy Hepatitis B virus infection

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Progress in numerical simulation of cavitating water jets

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2013年第4期25卷 502-509页

作者： PENG Guoyi shimizu Seiji College of Engineering Nihon University

This paper reviews recent progress made toward modeling of cavitation and numerical simulation of cavitating water jets. Properties of existing cavitation models are discussed and a compressible mixture flow method for the numerical simulation of high- speed water jets accompanied by intensive cavitation is introduced. Two-phase fluids media of cavitating flow are treated as a homo- geneous bubbly mixture and the mean flow is computed by solving Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes （RANS） equations for com- pressible fluid. The intensity of cavitation is evaluated by the gas volume fraction, which is governed by the compressibility of bubble-liquid mixture corresponding to the status of mean flow field. Numerical results of cavitating water jet issuing from an orifice nozzle are presented and its applicability to intensively cavitating jets is demonstrated. However, the effect of impact pressure caused by collapsing of bubbles is neglected, and effectively coupling of the present compressible mixture flow method with the dynamics of bubbles remains to be a challenge.

关键词： cavitation water jet multi-phase flow numerical simulation

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Image of Ne Trap by a Microwave Cavity

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Chinese Physics Letters 1997年第2期14卷 93-95页

作者： XU Lei Satoshi Oishi Kazuko shimizu Hiroshi Takuma Fujio shimizu Department of Physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433 Institute for Laser Science The University of Electro-communicationsChofugaokaChofushiTokyo 182Japan Department of Applied Physics University of TokyoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113Japan

The focusing of Ne metastable atoms trapped in magnetic-optical trap by a microwave cavity was *** cavity was operated at TM010 *** a microwave power of 14W,the Ne trap was imaged to a spot of about 0.25mm(full width ... 详细信息

关键词： microwave Microwave cavity

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Liver in systemic disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第26期14卷 4111-4119页

作者： Yukihiro shimizu Division of Internal Medicine Center for Gastroenterology and HepatologyKyoto Katsura Hospital17 Yamada-HiraoNishikyoKyoto 615-8256Japan

Potential causes of abnormal liver function tests include viral hepatitis,alcohol intake,nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,autoimmune liver diseases,hereditary diseases,hepatobiliary malignancies or infection,gallstones and drug-induced liver ***,the liver may be involved in systemic diseases that mainly affect other ***,in patients without etiology of liver injury by screening serology and diagnostic imaging,but who have systemic diseases,the abnormal liver function test results might be caused by the systemic *** most of these patients,the systemic disease should be treated ***,some patients with systemic disease and severe liver injury or fulminant hepatic failure require intensive treatments of the liver.

关键词： Abnormal liver function tests Jaundice Systemic disease

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Gut microbiota in common elderly diseases affecting activities of daily living

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第42期24卷 4750-4758页

作者： Yukihiro shimizu Gastroenterology center Nanto Municipal Hospital

Gut microbiota are involved in the development or prevention of various diseases such as type 2 diabetes,fatty liver, and malignancy such as colorectal cancer,breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. Alzheimer'sdisease, osteoporosis, sarcopenia, atherosclerotic stroke and cardiovascular disease are major diseases associated with decreased activities of daily living(ADL), especially in elderly people. Recent analyses have revealed the importance of gut microbiota in the control of these diseases. The composition or diversity of these microbiota is different between patients with these conditions and healthy controls, and administration of probiotics or prebiotics has been shown effective in the treatment of these diseases. Gut microbiota may affect distant organs through mechanisms that include regulating the absorption of nutrients and/or the production of microbial metabolites, regulating and interacting with the systemic immune system, and translocating bacteria/bacterial products through disrupted mucosal ***, the gut microbiota may be important regulators in the development of diseases that affect ADL. Although adequate exercise and proper diet are important for preventing these diseases, their combination with interventions that manipulate the composition and/or diversity of gut microbiota could be a promising strategy for maintaining health condition and preserving ADL. This review thus summarizes current understanding of the role of gut microbiota in the development or prevention of diseases closely associated with the maintenance of ADL.

关键词： Probiotics Prebiotics Alzheimer’s disease Osteoporosis Sarcopenia Gut microbiota Cardiovascular disease Cerebrovascular disease

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Laser Interference Lithography for Fabrication of Planar Scale Gratings for Optical Metrology

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2021年第1期4卷 3-27页

作者： Yuki shimizu Department of Finemechanics Tohoku University6-6-01Aramaki Aza-AobaAoba-kuSendaiMiyagi 980-8579Japan

Laser interference lithography is an attractive method for the fabrication of a large-area two-dimensional planar scale grating,which can be employed as a scale for multi-axis optical encoders or a diffractive optical element in many types of optical ***,optical configurations such as Lloyd's mirror interferometer based on the division of wavefront method can generate interference fringe fields for the patterning of grating pattern structures at a single exposure in a stable *** the fabrication of a two-dimensional scale grating to be used in a planar/surface encoder,an orthogonal two-axis Lloyd's mirror interferometer,which has been realized through innovation to Lloyd’s mirror interferometer,has been *** addition,the concept of the patterning of the two-dimensional orthogonal pattern structure at a single exposure has been extended to the non-orthogonal two-axis Lloyd’s mirror ***,the optical setup for the non-orthogonal two-axis Lloyd's mirror interferometer has been optimized for the fabrication of a large-area scale *** this review article,principles of generating interference fringe fields for the fabrication of a scale grating based on the interference lithography are reviewed,while focusing on the fabrication of a two-dimensional scale grating for planar/surface *** of the pitch of the fabricated pattern structures,whose accuracy strongly affects the performance of planar/surface encoders,is also an important task to be *** this paper,major methods for the evaluation of a grating pitch are also reviewed.

关键词： Planar scale grating Interference lithography Lloyd’s mirror interferometer Interference fringe

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On systematic development of FSI solvers in the context of particle methods

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2022年第3期34卷 395-407页

作者： Abbas Khayyer Hitoshi Gotoh Yuma shimizu Department of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan

This paper presents a review on state-of-the-art of developments corresponding to fluid-structure interaction(FSI)solvers developed within the context of particle *** paper reviews and highlights the potential robustness of entirely Lagrangian meshfree FSI solvers in reproducing FSI corresponding to extreme events and portrays the future perspectives for systematic developments towards reliable engineering applications with respect to rapid advances in technology and emergence of so-called advanced materials that can result in complex and highly non-linear structural ***,the paper highlights the necessity for reproduction of comprehensive structural responses,including viscoelastic,elastoplastic and progressive damages/failures,by the advanced FSI solvers developed within the context of particle *** this regard,extensions of the structure model are suggested to be conducted in a variationally consistent framework to ensure stability,accuracy and physical reliability including thermodynamic *** paper reviews basics of mathematical and numerical modelling for entirely Lagrangian meshfree hydroelastic FSI solvers and presents a brief background on extensions of such solvers towards reproducing viscoelastic structural *** preliminary numerical results on structural viscoelasticity achieved by an extended Hamiltonian SPH(HSPH)model are *** vision paper also concisely portrays the future perspectives for systematic development of particle-based FSI solvers.

关键词： Fluid-structure interaction(FSI) entirely Lagrangian meshfree smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH) Hamiltonian SPH(HSPH) viscoelasticity

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