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Electron field emission characteristics of nano-catkin carbon films deposited by electron cyclotron resonance microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition

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Chinese Physics B 2008年第2期17卷 716-720页

作者：顾广瑞吴宝嘉金哲 ito Toshimichi Department of Physics College of ScienceYanbian University Division of Electrical Electronic and Information EngineeringGraduate School of EngineeringOsaka University

This paper reported that the nano-catkin carbon films were prepared on Si substrates by means of electron cyclotron resonance microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition in a hydrogen and methane mixture. The surface morphology and the structure of the fabricated films were characterized by using scanning electron microscopes and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. The stable field emission properties with a low threshold field of 5V/μm corresponding to a current density of about 1μA/cm^2 and a current density of 3.2mA/cm^2 at an electric field of 10V/μm were obtained from the carbon film deposited at CH4 concentration of 8%. The mechanism that the threshold field decreased with the increase of the CH4 concentration and the high emission current appeared at the high CH4 concentration was explained by using the Fowler-Nordheim theory.

关键词： field emission carbon films nano-catkin microwave plasma chemical vapour deposition

Development of a Leg Mechanism for Soft Landing Based on Biological Motion

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2011年第5期24卷 731-737页

作者： KIMURA Hitoshi OTAKI Yoshihiko ito Shusaku INOU Norio Department of Mechanical and Control Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology NSK Ltd.

With jumping mechanisms,soft landing motion is important to protect loads and the *** study proposes a leg mechanism for soft landing based on biological *** jumping motion with a load suggests a unique motion for soft *** landing model consists of two *** is minimized in the first period and force is minimized in the second *** comparison with other landing models,this model is specialized for soft landing motion protecting an objective *** all mechanisms have mass,such model is useful in practical *** the purpose of realizing soft landing motion,this study proposes a new leg *** mechanism achieves quick variable transmission with cam and *** process of the cam is explained with dynamics and *** the calculated cam shape,the leg mechanism can be driven by constant input voltage for simple *** against height change is also verified with landing *** 50mm falling experiment,prototype leg mechanism performed soft landing without bounce motion and large *** acceleration profile of the body also agrees with the proposed soft landing model.

关键词： soft landing biological motion leg mechanism cam and wire mechanism

Predicting Tensile Properties of Friction-Stir-Welded 6063 Aluminum with Experimentally Measured Welding Heat Input

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2020年第9期33卷 1235-1242页

作者： Tianbo Zhao Yutaka SSato Hiroyuki Kokawa Kazuhiro ito Department of Materials Processing Graduate School of EngineeringTohoku University6-6-02 Aramaki-aza-AobaSendai 980-8579Japan Joining and Welding Research Institute Osaka UniversityMihogaoka11-1IbarakiOsaka 567-0047Japan Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

This work aims to develop a reliable method to predict mechanical properties of friction-stir-welded 6 xxx-series alloys with experimentally measured welding heat input. A calorimetrical method was utilized to experimentally measure the welding heat input in the friction stir welded of aluminum alloy 6063-T5. Good correlations between the input variables, i.e., welding parameters and physical properties of the materials, and the welding heat inputs obtained with experimental measurements were discovered. The welding heat input can be predicted using the empirical equation derived based on these correlations. Moreover, the results suggested that the thermal conductivities of the welded alloys affected the welding heat input significantly. Mechanical properties, including hardness and tensile properties, of friction-stir-welded aluminum alloy 6063 were in good correlation to the heat input obtained with experimental measurement. These correlations were explained by the evolution of the strengthening precipitates during welding. This work proposed a reliable new route to predict these mechanical responses through the estimation of heat input.

关键词： Heat input Friction stir welding Calorimetrical Mechanical properties Hardness

Application of Simple Adaptive Control to Water Hydraulic Servo Cylinder System

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2012年第5期25卷 882-888页

作者： ito Kazuhisa YAMADA Tsuyoshi IKEO Shigeru TAKAHASHI Koji College of Systems Engineering and Science Shibaura Institute of Technology Saitama 3378570 Japan Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering Tottori UniversityTottori 6808552 Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Sophia UniversityTokyo 1028554 Japan

Although conventional model reference adaptive control （MRAC） achieves good tracking performance for cylinder control, the controller structure is much more complicated and has less robustness to disturbance in real applications. This paper discusses the use of simple adaptive control （SAC） for positioning a water hydraulic servo cylinder system. Compared with MRAC, SAC has a simpler and lower order structure, i.e., higher feasibility. The control performance of SAC is examined and evaluated on a water hydraulic servo cylinder system. With the recent increased concerns over global environmental problems, the water hydraulic technique using pure tap water as a pressure medium has become a new drive source comparable to electric, oil hydraulic, and pneumatic drive systems. This technique is also preferred because of its high power density, high safety against fire hazards in production plants, and easy availability. However, the main problems for precise control in a water hydraulic system are steady state errors and overshoot due to its large friction torque and considerable leakage flow. MRAC has been already applied to compensate for these effects, and better control performances have been obtained. However, there have been no reports on the application of SAC for water hydraulics. To make clear the merits of SAC, the tracking control performance and robustness are discussed based on experimental results. SAC is confirmed to give better tracking performance compared with PI control, and a control precision comparable to MRAC （within 10 μm of the reference position） and higher robustness to parameter change, despite the simple controller. The research results ensure a wider application of simple adaptive control in real mechanical systems.

关键词： water hydraulics servo cylinder system positioning control simple adaptive control

Dynamics and geometry of developing planar jets based on the invariants of the velocity gradient tensor

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2015年第6期27卷 894-906页

作者：吴楠楠 SAKAI Yasuhiko NAGATA Kouji ito Yasumasa School of Electric Power Engineering China University of Mining and Technology Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering Nagoya University

Based on the direct numerical simulation （DNS）, the developing planar jets under different initial conditions, e.g., the con- ditions of the exit Reynolds number and the exit mean velocity profile, are investigated. We mainly focus on the characteristics of the invariants of the velocity gradient tensor, which provides insights into the evolution of the dynamics and the geometry of the planar jets along with the flow transition. The results show that the initial flow near the jet exit is strongly predominated by the dissipation over the enstrophy, the flow transition is accompanied by a severe rotation and straining of the flow elements, where the vortex structure evolves faster than the fluid element deformation, in the fully-developed state, the irrotational dissipation is dominant and the most probable geometry of the fluid elements should remain between the biaxial stretching and the axisymmetric stretching. In addition, with a small exit Re and a parabolic profile for the exit mean streamwise velocity, the decay of the mean flow field and the magnitude of the turbulent variables will be strengthened in the process of the flow transition, however, a large exit Re will promote the flow transition to the fully-developed state. The cross-impact between the exit Re and the exit mean velocity profile is also observed in the present study.

关键词： planar jet direct numerical simulation (DNS) velocity gradient tensor flow transition joint probability density function(joint pdf)

Chemogenetic activation of G12 signaling enhances adipose tissue browning

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第9期8卷 3923-3926页

作者： Yuki Ono Ryo ito Kaito Arai Gurdeep Singh Tsuyoshi Saitoh Robert BRussell Francesco Raimondi Junken Aoki Juro Sakai Asuka Inoue Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTohoku UniversitySendaiMiyagi 980-8578Japan Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism Graduate School of MedicineTohoku UniversitySendaiMiyagi 980-8574Japan Bioquant Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 26769120 HeidelbergGermany Biochemie Zentrum Heidelberg(BZH) Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 32869120 HeidelbergGermany International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine(WPI-IIIS) University of Tsukuba1-1-1 TennodaiTsukubaIbaraki 305-8575Japan Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences University of Tsukuba1-1-1 TennodaiTsukubaIbaraki 305-8575Japan Laboratorio di Biologia Bio@SNS Scuola Normale SuperiorePiazza dei Cavalieri 7Pisa 56126Italy Department of Health Chemistry Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of TokyoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-0033Japan Division of Metabolic Medicine Research Center for Advanced Science and TechnologyThe University of TokyoMeguro-kuTokyo 153-8904Japan

Dear Editor,Beige adipocytes,which increase energy expenditure by dissipating energy as heat,have gained attention as a therapeutic target for combating obesity.1 Adipocytes express many types of G-protein-coupled receptors(GPCRs),each of which has a unique preference for the Gs,Gi,Gq,and G12 *** the function of Gs-coupledβ-adrenergic receptors in beige adipocyte induction is well established,2 little is known about the function of G12-coupled GPCRs beyond its suppressive roles in white adipocyte maturation.3 In this study,we generated transgenic mice conditionally expressing a G12-coupled designer GPCR using a Cre-loxP system and investigated the potential effects of G12 signaling on adipocyte biology.

关键词： activation gained expressing

Robust Monetary Framework for China

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China & World Economy 2006年第5期14卷 32-47页

作者： Takatoshi ito Faculty of Economics University of TokyoJapan.

China faces rising current account surpluses and foreign reserves. Maintaining the fixed exchange rate runs the risk of overheating of the economy. It is desirable to pursue greater flexibility of the exchange rate regime in the short run, and gradual liberalization of capital account transactions in the medium run. Proper sequencing of various steps is recommended to prevent financial crises. Japan＇s transition from the dollar peg to a more flexible exchange rate system in 1971-1973 is considered to be a mistake, whereas the gradual capital account opening from the mid-1970s to mid-1990s is considered a success. The present study also analyzes Korea＇s mistake in opening its capital markets too far ahead of exchange rate flexibility, and liberalizing short-term capital rather than long-term capital. The challenge before China is similar to Japan＇s of 1969-1970, in the sense that the transition from the dollar peg is inevitable and desirable for the country, but decisive actions with proper sequencing are important.

关键词： exchange rate regime Japan Korea capital account

Three-dimensional motion analysis for evaluating motor function in rodents with peripheral nerve injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第12期14卷 2077-2078页

作者： Akira ito Wang Tianshu Junichi Tajino Department of Motor Function Analysis Human Health Sciences Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan Department of Development and Rehabilitation of Motor Function Human Health Sciences Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan

Peripheral nerves act like networks of “wires” that conduct signals from the brain and spinal cord to organs throughout the body. Damage to these nerves leads to numbness, pain, and weakness that eventually reduces the patient’s quality of life. Fortunately, peripheral nerves have a high regenerative capacity and, in most cases, recover from mild disorders and injuries. However, there have been continuous challenges facing the development of treatments for peripheral nerve conditions such as disorders that occur through chronic mechanical stimulation like carpal tunnel syndrome, disorders due to side effects from drugs and intractable diseases like chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.

关键词： motion analysis function nerves

Diagnosis of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome:Increasingly difficult

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第39期18卷 5495-5503页

作者： Tetsuhide ito Guillaume Cadiot Robert T Jensen Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuoka 812-8582Japan Hepato-Gastroenterology Service Centre hospitalier universitaire de ReimsHospital Robert DebreF-51092 ReimsFrance Digestive Diseases Branch National Insitutes of DiabetesDigestive and Kidney DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892United States

In the present paper the increasing difficulty of diag-nosis of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) due to issues raised in two recent papers is discussed. These issues involve the difficulty and need to withdraw patients suspected of ZES from treatment with Proton Pump Inhibitors (omeprazole, esomeprazole, lansoprazole, rabeprazole, pantoprazole) and the unreliability of many gastrin radioimmunoassays. The clinical context of each of these important issues is reviewed and the conclusions in these articles commented from the per-spective of clinical management.

关键词：综合征诊断质子泵抑制剂临床管理放射免疫法奥美拉唑兰索拉唑胃泌素