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Parallel personal measurements of diesel engine exhaust and crystalline silica using dual sampling port

International Journal of Mining Science and technology 2020年第3期30卷 313-319页

作者： Alan Fleck Caroline Couture Virginie Cabelguen Patrick Eddy ryan Ross thuot Guillaume Lachapelle Hugo Coulombe Maximilien Debia Department of Environmental and Occupational Health University of MontrealMontreal H3T 1A8Canada Health and Safety Agnico Eagle MinesToronto M5C 2Y7Canada Health and Safety Westwood Mine(IAMGOLD)Preissac J0Y 2E0Canada

Diesel engine exhaust(DEE) and crystalline silica exposures occur simultaneously in the mining industry,and occupational sampling campaigns can be time-and cost-consuming. the authors evaluated a dualport system for simultaneous sampling of DEE and crystalline silica in laboratory and field *** tests evaluated the operation of pumps during 8 h sampling and the intensity of the flow variation for various filter loading conditions and for different modes of operation. Field validation was performed in an underground mine. Pumps operated in constant flow or constant pressure *** in constant flow mode showed that when the flowrate increased on one side of the system, it decreased on the opposite side according to the loading intensity. tests in constant pressure mode showed that flowrates systematically decreased when using loaded cassettes. However, the higher the backpressure setting, the lower the flow variation was. Flow variations during field tests were generally within the acceptable ±5% range. However, significant flow variations were identified in higher concentrations. A significant negative correlation was found between flowrate variation and total carbon concentration. While the majority of tests support the use of the dual-port for evaluating concomitant exposures, results highlight the possibility of filter overloading as a cause of flowrate changes.

关键词： Crystalline silica Diesel engine exhaust Dual-port Mining Monitoring

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Calibration,validation,and evaluation of the Water Erosion Prediction Project(WEPP)model for hillslopes with natural runoff plot data

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第4期11卷 669-687页

作者： Shuyuan Wang ryan P.McGehee tian Guo Dennis C.Flanagan Bernard A.Engel Department of Agricultural&Biological Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA USDA-Agricultural Research Service National Soil Erosion Research LaboratoryWest LafayetteIN47907USA

the Water Erosion Prediction Project(WEPP)model has been widely used for estimating runoff and soil *** evaluation of the latest version(version 2021.133)under a range of environmental conditions can provide confidence to its *** objectives of this study were to evaluate the WEPP model for runoff and soil loss predictions using 1159 plot years of rainfall-runoff events data from field experi-mental plots with various climates,soils,topographies,and *** runoff and soil loss predictions were compared to the observations before and after input parameter *** results showed good predictions of runoff and soil loss were obtained with both the uncalibrated and calibrated WEPP model for all considered scales with Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiencies(NSE)over *** calibration of input baseline effective hydraulic conductivity(k_(e)),baseline critical shear stress(τ_(c)),baseline rill erod-ibility(k_(r)),and baseline interrill erodibility(k_(i))improved WEPP model performance with NSE values of 0.98 and 0.91 for average annual runoff and soil loss predictions,*** WEPP model tended to underestimate the runoff and soil loss for large events with runoff over 100 mm and soil loss over 120t/*** event runoff and soil loss predictions(NSE ≥0.4)were obtained for the most common cropping/management systems considered,including corn,cotton,tilled fallow,and wheat after *** study illustrates the most recent WEPP model's performance for runoff and soil loss predictions,and provides a comprehensive set of results.

关键词： WEPP Runoff Soil loss Calibration Validation

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Solid-State Metal Additive Manufacturing for Structural Repair

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Accounts of Materials Research 2021年第9期2卷 780-792页

作者： ryan B.Gottwald R.Joey Griffiths Dylan t.Petersen Mackenzie E.J.Perry Hang Z.Yu Department of Materials Science and Engineering Virginia TechBlacksburgVirginia 24061United States

CONSPECtUS:Structural metal components play a vital role in a broad range of industries,from aerospace and automotive to infrastructure and *** service,these components can experience substantial wear,thermal fatigue,erosion,corrosion,or chemical reactions,resulting in significant surface or even volumetric *** of these components is often energy-intensive and economically *** repair,which aims to restore the original geometry while enabling good mechanical performance postrepair,can offset the costs *** on the additive capabilities and bonding mechanisms,structural repair technologies can be divided into four categories:nonadditive,nonmelting-based;nonadditive,melting-based;additive,nonmelting-based;additive,*** melting-based approaches can be applied to various repair geometries with good precision,the underlying melting and solidification processes inevitably lead to crucial problems impacting the mechanical performance,such as solidification porosity,high residual stresses,dendritic microstructure formation,elemental segregation,hot cracking,and stress corrosion *** fundamentally solve or minimize these problems,one may employ solid-state technologies that leverage ultrasonic vibration,friction stirring,or particle impact to facilitate metallurgical bond *** robust geometry restoration,an additive capability needs to be incorporated for continuous material feeding and precise deposition path ***,two solid-state technologies satisfy the requirement,cold spray and additive friction stir *** this Account,we discuss the structural repair enabled by solid-state metal additive manufacturing,focusing on(i)cold spray,which is a relatively established process,and(ii)additive friction stir deposition,which is an emerging process recently triggering significant research effortsthe authors are particularly invested in this process and are pioneering th

关键词： friction solidification corrosion

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COVID-19 Mortality and Vaccine Coverage——Hong kong Special Administrative Region,China,January 6,2022-March 21,2022

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China CDC weekly 2022年第14期4卷 288-292页

作者： Dallas J.Smith Avi J.Hakim Gabriel M.Leung Wenbo Xu WWilliam Schluter ryan t.Novak Barbara Marston Bradley S.Hersh CDC COVID-19 Response International task Force Atlanta Epidemic Intelligence Service CDC Li ka Shing Faculty of Medicine University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina CDC China BeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?COVID-19 vaccines are important tools to protect populations from severe disease and *** is added by this report?Among persons aged≥60 years in Hong kong,49%,had received≥2 doses of a COVID-19 vaccine,and vaccination coverage declined with *** January-March 2022,reported COVID-19-associated deaths rose rapidly in Hong *** these deaths,96%occurred in persons aged≥60 years;within this age group,the risk for death was 20 times lower among those who were fully vaccinated compared with those who were unvaccinated.

关键词： doses COV deaths

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Are we leveling the playing field？ trends and disparities in sports participation among sexual minority youth in Canada

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第2期7卷 218-226页

作者： Marion Doull ryan J.Watson Annie Smith Yuko Homma Elizabeth Saewyc Stigma and Resilience Among Vulnerable Youth Centre School of Nursing University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia V6T2B5 Canada Department of Human Development and Family Studies University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA McCreary Centre Society Vancouver British Columbia V5K2A 7 Canada School of Nursing Mukogawa Women's University Nishinomiya Hyogo 663-8558 Japan

Purpose: Sports participation and physical fitness are widely beneficial for young people, yet activity levels among young people are *** growing popular media attention on the participation of sexual minority(e.g., lesbian, gay, and bisexual) youth in sports and various campaigns to improve the often homophobic climate of sports, there is limited evidence that sexual minority youth participate in sports. Our aim was to provide a current portrait of sports participation among 3 groups of sexual minority youth(e.g., lesbian, gay, and bisexual) in British Columbia, Canada, as well as to document population ***: Pooled population-level data from British Columbia, Canada(n = 99,373) were used to examine trends and disparities in sports participation among sexual minority and heterosexual youth. Age-adjusted logistic regression models were used to examine changes in participation over time and disparities in participation over time(1998—2013).Results: We found an overall decline in sports participation and physical activity(PA) for all youth. Sexual minority students were less likely to participate in formal sports(with a coach) and informal sports(without a coach) compared with their heterosexual peers. the disparity in participating in informal sports between heterosexual and sexual minority youth has narrowed over time for some sexual orientation groups, whereas the disparity in participating in formal sports has widened over time in some ***: this study provides a comprehensive examination of sports participation among sexual minority youth over the past 15 *** changing societal attitudes and laudable efforts to reduce homophobia in sports, results suggest that there are continued barriers to participation for sexual minority youth. Further research is needed to understand the factors that limit sports participation for these youth and to inform program development. PA is critical to lifelong health and well-being, and

关键词： Canada Disparities Physical activity Sexual minority youth Sexual orientation Sports participation

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Comparison of sublingual microcirculatory parameters measured by sidestream darkfield videomicroscopy in anesthetized pigs and adult humans

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2023年第5期6卷 499-503页

作者： Raushan Lala ryan Homes Shaun Pratt Wendy Goodwin Mark Midwinter School of Biomedical Sciences The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQldAustralia School of Veterinary Sciences The University of QueenslandGattonQldAustralia Jamieson trauma Institute Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalHerstonQldAustralia traumatic Injury Sciences Group The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQldAustralia

Background:this study aimed to compare sublingual microcirculatory parameters between anesthetized pigs and conscious adult humans using sidestream darkfield *** overarching aim of the work was to validate the pig as an experimental model of changes in microcirculatory function following traumatic haemorrhagic shock and ***:Fourteen large white pigs and 14 humans were recruited for the *** sidestream darkfield videomicroscopy clips were captured in anesthetized pigs and conscious *** underwent manual analysis in Automated Vascular Analysis 3.2 *** total vessel density(tVD),perfused vessel density(PVD),proportion of perfused vessels(PPVs)and microvascular flow index(MFI)were *** independent samples t test was used for between species comparison of microcirculatory *** and Conclusions:Conscious humans had a significantly lower tVD,PVD and MFI than anesthetized *** significant difference in PPVs was observed between the *** of the microcirculation is a critical determinant of tissue metabolic function and *** it may not be surprising that some inter species differences in the sublingual microcirculatory anatomy were identified between pig and human subjects,it is interesting to report the insignificant difference in *** direct microcirculatory measure represents a relative change which should hold translatable value across *** therefore conclude the pig is a suitable model for microcirculatory research and may be a suitable species to investigate changes in microcirculatory perfusion following perturbations in cardiovascular homeostasis,for example during traumatic haemorrhagic shock and resuscitation.

关键词： comparative anatomy microcirculation sidestream darkfield videomicroscopy

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Late immune consequences of combat trauma: A review of trauma-related immune dysfunction and potential therapies

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Military Medical Research 2019年第4期6卷 340-353页

作者： kelly B.thompson Luke t.krispinsky ryan J.Stark Division of Critical Care Medicine Department of PediatricsVanderbilt University School of Medicine2200 Children’s WayNashvilleTN 37232USA Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Department of PediatricsUniformed Services UniversityNaval Medical Center PortsmouthPortsmouthVA 23708USA

With improvements in personnel and vehicular body armor,robust casualty evacuation capabilities,and damage control resuscitation strategies,more combat casualties are surviving to reach higher levels of care throughout the casualty evacuation *** such,medical centers are becoming more accustomed to managing the deleterious late consequences of combat trauma related to the dysregulation of the immune *** this review,we aim to highlight these late consequences and identify areas for future research and therapeutic *** leads to the dysregulation of both the innate and adaptive immune responses,which places the injured at risk for several late consequences,including delayed wound healing,late onset sepsis and infection,multi-organ dysfunction syndrome,and acute respiratory distress syndrome,which are significant for their association with the increased morbidity and mortality of wounded *** mechanisms by which these consequences develop are complex but include an imbalance of the immune system leading to robust inflammatory responses,triggered by the presence of damage associated molecules and other immune-modifying agents following *** strategies to improve outcomes have been difficult to develop as the immunophenotype of injured personnel following trauma is variable,fluid and difficult to *** more information regarding the triggers that lead to immune dysfunction following trauma is elucidated,it may be possible to identify the immunophenotype of injured personnel and provide targeted treatments to reduce the late consequences of trauma,which are known to lead to significant morbidity and mortality.

关键词： trauma Sepsis Compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome Persistent inflammationimmunosuppression and catabolism syndrome Immune dysfunction

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A thin Si nanowire network anode for high volumetric capacity and long-life lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第6期81卷 20-27,I0002页

作者： Ibrahim Saana Amiinu Sumair Imtiaz Hugh Geaney tadhg kennedy Nilotpal kapuria Shalini Singh kevin M ryan Bernal Institute University of LimerickLimerick V94 T9PXIreland Department of Chemical Sciences University of LimerickLimerick V94 T9PXIreland

Silicon nanowires(Si NWs)have been widely researched as the best alternative to graphite anodes for the next-generation of high-performance lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)owing to their high capacity and low discharge ***,growing binder-free Si NW anodes with adequate mass loading and stable capacity is severely limited by the low surface area of planar current collectors(CCs),and is particularly challenging to achieve on standard pure-Cu substrates due to the ubiquitous formation of Li+inactive silicide ***,the growth of densely-interwoven In-seeded Si NWs is facilitated by a thin-film of copper-silicide(CS)network in situ grown on a Cu-foil,allowing for a thin active NW layer(thick)and high areal loading(≈1.04 mg/cm^(2))binder-free electrode *** electrode exhibits an average Coulombic efficiency(CE)of>99.6%and stable performance for>900 cycles with≈88.7%capacity *** significantly,it delivers a volumetric capacity of≈1086.1 m A h/cm^(3)at *** full-cell versus lithium manganese oxide(LMO)cathode delivers a capacity of≈1177.1 m A h/g at 1C with a stable rate *** electrode architecture represents significant advances toward the development of binder-free Si NW electrodes for LIB application.

关键词： Si NW anode Silicidation LMO cathode Amorphous ligaments Volumetric capacity Lithium-ion batteries

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Effect of interface on mid-infrared photothermal response of MoS2 thin film grown by pulsed laser deposition

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Nano Research 2017年第10期10卷 3571-3584页

作者： Ankur Goswami Priyesh Dhandaria Soupitak Pal ryan McGee Faheem khan Zeljka Antic Ravi Gaikwad kovur Prashanthi thomas thundat Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton T6G 1H9 Canada Department of Chemical Engineering University of California Santa Barbara 93106-5070 USA

this study reports on the mid-infrared （mid-IR） photothermal response of multilayer MoS2 thin films grown on crystalline （p-type silicon and c-axis- oriented single crystal sapphire） and amorphous （Si/SiO2 and Si/SiN） substrates by pulsed laser deposition （PLD）. the photothermal response of the MoS2 films is measured as the changes in the resistance of the MoS2 films when irradiated with a mid-IR （7 to 8.2 μm） source. We show that enhancing the temperature coefficient of resistance （tCR） of the MoS2 thin films is possible by controlling the film-substrate interface through a proper choice of substrate and growth conditions. the thin films grown by PLD are characterized using X-ray diffraction, Raman, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRtEM） images show that the MoS2 films grow on sapphire substrates in a layer-by-layer manner with misfit dislocations. the layer growth morphology is disrupted when the films are grown on substrates with a diamond cubic structure （e.g., silicon） because of twin growth formation. the growth morphology on amorphous substrates, such as Si/SiO2 or Si/SiN, is very different. the PLD-grown MoS2 films on silicon show higher tCR （-2.9% k^-1 at 296 k）, higher mid-IR sensitivity （△R/R = 5.2%）, and higher responsivity （8.7 V·W^-1） compared to both the PLD-grown films on other substrates and the mechanically exfoliated MoS2 flakes transferred to different substrates.

关键词： MoS2 pulsed laser deposition phototherrnal effect infrared (IR) detector interface

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Laminin-coated multifilament entubulation, combined with Schwann cells and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, promotes unidirectional axonal regeneration in a rat model of thoracic spinal cord hemisection

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第1期16卷 186-191页

作者： Ling-Xiao Deng Nai-kui Liu ryan Ning Wen Shuang-Ni Yang Xuejun Wen Xiao-Ming Xu Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Neurological Surgery Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Maggie L.Walker Governor’s School RichmondVAUSA Institute for Engineering and Medicine Department of Chemical and Life Science EngineeringVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA

Biomaterial bridging provides physical substrates to guide axonal growth across the *** achieve efficient directional guidance,combinatory strategies using permissive matrix,cells and trophic factors are *** the present study,we evaluated permissive effect of poly(acrylonitrile-co-vinyl chloride)guidance channels filled by different densities of laminin-precoated unidirectional polypropylene filaments combined with Schwann cells,and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor for axonal regeneration through a t10 hemisected spinal cord gap in adult *** found that channels with filaments significantly reduced the lesion cavity,astrocytic gliosis,and inflammatory responses at the graft-host *** laminin coated low density filament provided the most favorable directional guidance for axonal regeneration which was enhanced by co-grafting of Schwann cells and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic *** results demonstrate that the combinatorial strategy of filament-filled guiding scaffold,adhesive molecular laminin,Schwann cells,and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor,provides optimal topographical cues in stimulating directional axonal regeneration following spinal cord *** study was approved by Indiana University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees(IACUC#:11011)on October 29,2015.

关键词： axonal regeneration extracellular molecule filament density hemisection laminin neurotrophic factor Schwann cell spinal cord injury thoracic transplantation

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