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Influence of Incomplete Soil Plugs on Bearing Capacities of Bucket Foundations in Clay

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第1期38卷 144-155页

作者： LI Hui-shan liu run YANG Xu LIAN Ji-jian State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Civil Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Institute of Marine Energy and Intelligent Construction Tianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China

Due to the uneven seabed and heaving of soil during pumping,incomplete soil plugs may occur during the installation of bucket foundations,and the impacts on the bearing capacities of bucket foundations need to be *** this paper,the contact ratio(the ratio of the top diameter of the soil plug to the diameter of the bucket)and the soil plug ratio(the ratio of the soil heave height to the skirt height)are defined to describe the shape and size of the incomplete soil ***,finite element models are established to investigate the bearing capacities of bucket foundations with incomplete soil plugs and the influences of the contact ratios,and the soil plug ratios on the bearing capacities are *** results show that the vertical bearing capacity of bucket foundations in homogeneous soil continuously improves with the increase of the contact ***,in normally consolidated soil,the vertical bearing capacity barely changes when the contact ratio is smaller than 0.75,while the bearing capacity suddenly increases when the contact ratio increases to 1 due to the change of failure *** contact ratio hardly affects the horizontal bearing capacity of bucket ***,the moment bearing capacity improves with the increase of the contact ratio for small aspect ratios,but hardly varies with increasing contact ratio for aspect ratios larger than ***,the reduction coefficient method is proposed based on this analysis to calculate the bearing capacities of bucket foundations considering the influence of incomplete soil *** comparison results show that the proposed reduction coefficient method can be used to evaluate the influences of incomplete soil plug on the bearing capacities of bucket foundations.

关键词： bucket foundation incomplete soil plug uniaxial bearing capacity contact ratio soil plug ratio

Single-atom Rh catalysts for efficiently degrading Rhodamine B with high concentration

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2331-2338页

作者： Shou-Yao Hu Jian-Ping Guan run-Ze Ma Yu Tao dong-Hao liu Jia-Xin Gong Yu Xiong Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

Highly concentrated dye wastewater has a serious effect on the quality of natural waters;thus,developing novel catalysts to degrade dyes rapidly and efficiently is of great *** the first time,this study reports an Rh single atom loaded on a nitrogen-doped carbon(SA-Rh/CN)*** catalyst exhibits an excellent processing capacity for high concentrations of Rhodamine B(Rh B),high catalytic activity(95.7% degradation of Rh B in60 min)and excellent stability(93.5% degradation efficiency after 10 stable runs).

关键词： catalyst. catalysts loaded

Graphitic carbons:preparation,characterization,and application on K-ion batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4056-4075页

作者： Kang-Zhe Cao Jia-Hui Ma Yu-Lian dong Yu Duan run-Tian Zheng Dharani Bundhooa Hui-Qiao liu Yong Lei College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xinyang Normal UniversityXinyang 464000China Xinyang Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Energy Materials Xinyang 464000China Fachgebiet Angewandte Nanophysik Institut fu¨r Physik&IMN MacroNanoTechnische Universita¨t Ilmenau98693 IlmenauGermany Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry(CMI) University of NamurB-5000 NamurBelgium

K-ion batteries(KIBs)have drawn much attention due to the abundant potassium reserves and wide accessibility as well as high energy density,which can be designed for large-scale energy storage *** the most promising anode materials for KIBs,graphitic carbons,especially those with an intermediate structure between the crystalline graphite and amorphous carbons become a hot research focus because of the improved rate capability and enhanced diffusion-controlled capacity at low voltage ***,we first review the structures of graphitic carbons in the view of graphitic domains and the structure changes in their K-ion intercalation ***,we summarize the preparation mechanisms and characterizations of graphitic carbons and the influence factors in their degree of ***,we illustrate the strategies to optimize their K-ion storage properties from four aspects,namely graphitic domain design,microstructure engineering,electrochemical active component regulation,and defect ***,we propose the issues that urgently need to be solved in graphitic carbons and the possible *** hope that this view could offer some inspiration for the further designing and optimizing of graphitic carbons for practical KIBs.

关键词： Graphitic carbon K-ion battery Anode Graphite Structure design

Modeling urban scale human mobility through big data analysis and machinelearning

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Building Simulation 2024年第1期17卷 3-21页

作者： Yapan liu Bing dong Department of Mechanical&Aerospace Engineering Syracuse University263 Link HallSyracuseNY 13244USA

In the United States,the buildings sector consumes about 76%of electricity use and 40% of all primary energy use and associated greenhouse gas *** behavior has drawn increasing research interests due to its impacts on the building energy ***,occupant behavior study at urban scale remains a challenge,and very limited studies have been *** an effort to couple big data analysis with human mobility modeling,this study has explored urban scale human mobility utilizing three months Global Positioning System(GPS)data of 93,o00 users at Phoenix Metropolitan *** research extracted stay points from raw data,and identified users'home,work,and other locations by Density-Based Spatial Clustering ***,daily mobility patterns were constructed using different types of *** propose a novel approach to predict urban scale daily human mobility patterns with 12-hour prediction horizon,using Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)neural network *** shows the developed models achieved around 85%average accuracy and about 86%mean *** developed models can be further applied to analyze urban scale occupant behavior,building energy demand and flexibility,and contributed to urban planning.

关键词： urban human mobility big data analysis urban scale occupant behavior recurrent neural networks

Combustion characteristics of millimeter-sized aluminum particles in fluidized bed under various O_(2)/CO_(2)/H_(2)O atmospheres Author links open overlay panel

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Particuology 2024年第8期91卷 315-322页

作者： Jialing Zhou Rui Zhang dong liu Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyNanjing210094China Advanced Combustion Laboratory School of Energy and Power EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China

Aluminum is an attractive alternative fuel,but it burns very inefficiently due to the formation of a dense Al_(2)O_(3)layer which prevents O_(2)from diffusion to the surface of Al *** previous experiments,the combustion of millimeter-sized Al(mAl)particles in the fluidized bed has achieved a substantial increase in the combustion efficiency,but further improvements are still *** this study,the effects of reaction atmosphere on the fluidized combustion of mAl particles were *** experiments with different O_(2)/H_(2)O/CO_(2)concentrations were *** experimental results indicate that the combustion efficiency of mAl particles in fluidized bed increases as the mole fraction of O_(2),H_(2)O or CO_(2)increases,and the highest combustion efficiency can reach 38.7%.After the analysis of the oxide film on the surface of aluminum particles,it was found that it is easier to generate the unstableθ-Al_(2)O_(3)under CO_(2)atmosphere,and it is easier to generate the unstableγ-Al_(2)O_(3)andθ-Al_(2)O_(3)under H_(2)O *** unstable Al_(2)O_(3)film is more likely to be abraded in the fluidized bed,which leads to the effective improvement of the combustion efficiency.

关键词： Al combustion Fluidized bed Atmosphere Combustion efficiency

Double-confined nanoheterostructure Sb/Sb_(2)S_(3)@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)@C toward ultra-stable Li-/Na-ion batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2067-2079页

作者： Dan Wang Qun Ma Huan He Zhi-Yuan Wang run-Guo Zheng Hong-Yu Sun Yan-Guo liu Chun-Li liu School of Materials Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China School of Resources and Materials Northeastern University at QinhuangdaoQinhuangdao 066004China Key Laboratory of Dielectric and Electrolyte Functional Material Hebei Province Qinhuangdao 066004China Department of Physics and Oxide Research Center Hankuk University of Foreign StudiesYongin 17035Korea

Antimony-based materials with high capacities and moderate potentials are promising anodes for lithium-/-sodium-ion ***,their tremendous volume expansion and inferior conductivity lead to poor structural stability and sluggish reaction ***,a doubleconfined nanoheterostructure Sb/Sb_(2)S_(3)@Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)@C has been fabricated through a solvothermal method followed by low-temperature heat *** dual protection of“MXene”and“carbon”can better accommodate the volume expansion of Sb/Sb_(2)S_(3).The strong covalent bond(Ti-S,Ti-O-Sb,C-O-Sb)can firmly integrate Sb-based material with Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)and carbon,which significantly improves the structure *** addition,the carbon layer can restrain the oxidation of MXenes,and the nano-Sb/Sb_(2)S_(3)can facilitate electron/ion transport and suppress the restacking of *** heterogeneous interface between Sb and Sb_(2)S_(3)can further promote interfacial charge *** MXene-Sb/Sb_(2)S_(3)@C-1 with the optimal Sb content shows high specific capacities,comparable rate properties and ultra-stable cycling performances(250 m Ah·g^(-1)after 2500 cycles at 1 A·g^(-1)for sodium-ion batteries).Ex situ X-ray diffractometer(XRD)test reveals the storage mechanism including the conversion and alloying process of MXene-Sb/Sb_(2)S_(3)@*** voltammetry(CV)test results demonstrate that the pseudocapacitance behavior is dominant in MXene-Sb/Sb_(2)S_(3)@C-1,especially at large *** design paves the way for exploring high-performance alloy-based/conversion-type anode for energy storage devices.

关键词： Sb/Sb_(2)S_(3) MXene Carbon Anode Lithium-ion batteries Sodium-ion batteries

An ultrafast rechargeable hybrid potassium dual-ion capacitor based on carbon quantum dot@ultrathin carbon film cathode

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Rare Metals 2024年第10期43卷 5070-5081页

作者： Zhao-Meng liu Da Wang Shang-Zhuo Li Qing-Song Lai dong-run Yang Lu-Kang Zhao Jian-Jia Mu Xuan-Chen Wang Xuan-Wen Gao Wen-Bin Luo Institute for Energy Electrochemistry and Urban Mines Metallurgy School of MetallurgyNortheastern University Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education) Nankai University

Ultrafast rechargeable hybrid potassium dualion capacitors （HPDICs） were designed by employing carbon quantum dot@ultrathin carbon film （CQD@CF） as the cathode *** designed CQD@CF is selfassembled by a simple catalytic graphitization route followed by an acid leaching *** special composite features a large adsorption interface,a remarkable anion hybrid storage capability and outstanding structure *** electrochemical performance of CQD@CF composite is fully tapped in a half-cell system at the operating voltage between 1.4 and 4.5 V,achieving an admirable specific discharge capacity of 128.5 mAh·g-1a 50 mA·g-1,an ultra-high capacity retention ratio of 97.97% after cycling 5000 times at 1000 mA·g-1and a 96.10%high capacity retention ratio after cycling 40,000 times at 5000 mA·g-1,***,with the support of ex situ TEM and XPS,the structural stability principle and anionic hybrid storage mechanism of CQD@CF electrode are investigated *** the full-cell system,HPDICs with the CQD@CF as cathode and nanographite powder as anode also present a 141.5 Wh·kg-1high energy density,a 5850 W·kg-1power density and a super-long cycle stability (90.2% capacity retention ratio after cycling 30,000 times at 5000 mA·g-1).

关键词： Anion hybrid storage mechanism Carbon quantum dots Potassium dual ion capacitor Ultrafast rechargeable Ultrathin carbon film

Sensitivity analysis of modeling parameters to soot and PAHs prediction in ethylene inverse diffusion flame

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 486-498页

作者： WU BingKun LI TianJiao liu dong MIIT Key Laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment School of Energy and Power EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Advanced Combustion Laboratory School of Energy and Power EngineeringNanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094China

The soot formation model based on inverse ethylene diffusion flames was performed to study the sensitivity of the soot formation process to the prediction *** effects of efficiency parameters such as soot inception,surface growth and coagulation on the simulation results were studied by using the adjustable efficiency *** addition,the reversible soot model and conjugate heat transfer(CHT)model were also introduced to explore their *** indicated that,among adjustable efficiency parameters,the nucleation efficiency had the greatest influence on the predicted soot and PAHs distributions,while the Habstraction-C2H2-addition(HACA)process and PAH adsorption surface growth efficiencies impacted *** adjustable efficiency parameters had a significant effect on the concentration of soot gaseous precursors and soot particles,but their effects on temperature,gas phase molecules,and intermediate species were not *** the nucleation efficiency increased from 2×10^(-6)to 1×10^(-4),the predicted value of the integrated soot was increased by nearly 50%,and the maximum primary particle number density and the number of aggregates were increased by an order of *** maximum concentration of BAPYR was ***,the peak temperature along the axial direction increased by only 3.5 *** the reversible soot model,the approximation results of the adjustable efficiency parameters could be modified,which showed the feasibility of the *** use of the CHT model promoted pyrolysis of the fuel below the outlet of the fuel tube,with high-temperature zones,soot zones,and PAHs zones moving towards higher flame ***,when using the reversible model and the CHT model,the maximum soot volume fraction decreased by 39%compared with the basic efficiency parameters,while the concentration of BAPYR increased by 162%,and the concentrations of gas phase species were decreased.

关键词： inverse diffusion flames soot formation soot model ethylene

An unprecedented synthesis of axially chiral biaryls by rearrangement and aromatization of carbocations with central-to-axial conversion of chirality

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第9期67卷 2998-3003页

作者： Qi liu Xue-dong Li Liang Cheng Li liu Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS) CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and FunctionCAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The central-to-axial chirality conversion represents a fascinating class of chemical processes consisting of the destruction of stereogenic centers and the simultaneous installation of axial chiral elements,which provides efficient methods for the preparation of axially chiral ***,developing catalytic asymmetric approaches for constructing these central chirality precursors and the efficient central-to-axial chirality conversion remains a challenge due to the requirement of aromatization or elimination *** this work,we have developed an unprecedented enantioselective intramolecular FriedelCrafts alkylation with unactivated-ketone carbonyls from which a chiral tertiary alcohol was generated with high efficiency and excellent *** addition,the central-to-axial chirality conversion strategy has been successfully applied to the synthesis of enantioenriched biaryls via a less-explored carbocation-initiated rearrangement and aromatization under the promotion of Lewis *** methodology provided a straightforward and sustainable access to a broad range of biaryl-2-carboxylic acid and in excellent yields(up to 92%)and excellent central-to-axial chirality conversion(up to 99%conversion percentage).This work could be a great model for developing new methods for synthesizing axially chiral biaryls and a general protocol for the rearrangement and aromatization of carbocations for further functionalization.

关键词： br?nsted acid catalysis desymmetrization phosphoric acid axially chiral biaryls central-to-axial conversion