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The Possibility of Changing the Wettability of Material Surface by Adjusting Gravity

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Research 2020年第1期2020卷 435-445页

作者： Yong-Ming Liu Zi-qing Wu Sheng Bao Wei-Hong Guo Da-Wei Li Jin He Xiang-Bin Zeng Lin-Jun Huang Qin-Qin Lu Yun-Zhu Guo rui-qing chen Ya-Jing Ye chen-Yan Zhang Xu-Dong Deng Da-Chuan Yin Key Lab of Space Bioscience&Biotechnology School of Life SciencesNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710072 ShaanxiChina School of Bioengineering Sichuan University of Science and EngineeringZigong643000 SichuanChina Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University Shenzhen518057 GuangdongChina

The contact angle,as a vital measured parameter of wettability of material surface,has long been in dispute whether it is affected by ***,we measured the advancing and receding contact angles on extremely low contact angle hysteresis surfaces under different gravities(1-8G)and found that both of them decrease with the increase of the *** underlying mechanism is revealed to be the contact angle hysteresis and the deformation of the liquid-vapor interface away from the solid surface caused by gradient distribution of the hydrostatic *** real contact angle is not affected by gravity and cannot measured by an optical *** measured apparent contact angles are angles of inclination of the liquid-vapor interface away from the solid ***,a new equation is proposed based on the balance of forces acting on the three-phase contact region,which quantitatively reveals the relation of the apparent contact angle with the interfacial tensions and *** finding can provide new horizons for solving the debate on whether gravity affects the contact angle and may be useful for the accurate measurement of the contact angle and the development of a new contact angle measurement system.

关键词： apparent hysteresis hydrostatic

A general modification to the vapor diffusion protein crystallization screening

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A general modification to the vapor diffusion protein crysta...

A method for expanding the screening space for protein crystallization

中国晶体学会第五届全国会员代表大会暨学术大会（大分子分会场）

作者： Qin-Qin Lu Xu-Zhuo Xie rui-qing chen Zi-qing Wu Da-Chuan Yin School of Life Sciences Northwestern Polytechnical University

It has been reported that a modification to the vapor diffusion technique,in which desiccant was used instead of reservoir solution to absorb the solvent evaporated from the crystallization droplets,increased the crystallization success ***,because the optimal amount of desiccant for a specific crystallization attempt is unknown,this desiccation method(one-time

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A method for expanding the screening space for protein cryst...

Potassium and calcium channels in different nerve cells act as therapeutic targets in neurological disorders

第五届中国结构生物学学术讨论会

作者： Da-Chuan Yin chen-Yan Zhang rui-qing chen chen Dong Qin-Qin Lu Hai Hou School of Life Sciences Northwestern Polytechnical University

Protein crystals are very useful in a number of fields like structural biology, pharmacy, protein purification, and materials sciences. In the field of structural biology, they are used for structural determination of protein molecules via X-ray, electron, or neutron diffraction. The first step to obtain protein crystals is to find out the crystallization agents that can help to crystalize the target proteins. This step is often challenging. Methods to tackle this challenge are therefore necessary. In this report, we will present a new crystallization plate design which can be used to expand the screening space for protein crystallization based on cross-diffusion microbatch（CDM） method[1]. The new plate consists of 96 units corresponding to the conditions of the commercial screening kits, and each unit contains four wells for holding the crystallization droplets. By dispensing crystallization droplets to the four wells at different volume ratios of protein to precipitant solutions, we can obtain four different initial concentrations for each unit, thus a wider concentration range can be screened. The comparison between the screening performance of the new plates and the traditional sitting-drop vapor diffusion plate showed that the new design of the plates exhibited significantly improved results in obtaining more crystallization conditions[2]. Similar concept can be utilized in expanding the p H screening space by adding extra buffer solutions to different wells, so as to realize screens with four different initial p H values simultaneously. The new crystallization plate can be made compatible with the SBS standard so that automation can be carried out easily. Apparently, the method is applicable in routine crystallization screening experiment, and hopefully it can be of use in the process of obtaining crystallization conditions.

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1258-1276页

作者： qing Qiu Mengting Yang Danfeng Gong Haiying Liang Tingting chen Department of Pharmacology School of PharmacyNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target NantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pharmacy Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityLongyanFujian ProvinceChina

The central nervous system, information integration center of the body, is mainly composed of neurons and glial cells. The neuron is one of the most basic and important structural and functional units of the central nervous system, with sensory stimulation and excitation conduction functions. Astrocytes and microglia belong to the glial cell family, which is the main source of cytokines and represents the main defense system of the central nervous system. Nerve cells undergo neurotransmission or gliotransmission, which regulates neuronal activity via the ion channels, receptors, or transporters expressed on nerve cell membranes. Ion channels, composed of large transmembrane proteins, play crucial roles in maintaining nerve cell homeostasis. These channels are also important for control of the membrane potential and in the secretion of neurotransmitters. A variety of cellular functions and life activities, including functional regulation of the central nervous system, the generation and conduction of nerve excitation, the occurrence of receptor potential, heart pulsation, smooth muscle peristalsis, skeletal muscle contraction, and hormone secretion, are closely related to ion channels associated with passive transmembrane transport. Two types of ion channels in the central nervous system, potassium channels and calcium channels, are closely related to various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and epilepsy. Accordingly, various drugs that can affect these ion channels have been explored deeply to provide new directions for the treatment of these neurological disorders. In this review, we focus on the functions of potassium and calcium ion channels in different nerve cells and their involvement in neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, depression, epilepsy, autism, and rare disorders. We also describe several clinical drugs that target potassium or calcium channels in nerve cells and could be u

关键词： astrocytes calcium channels central nervous system extracellular ion concentration microglia neurological disorders neurons potassium channels

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Research progress of catalysts for direct coal liquefaction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 481-497页

作者： Wei Song Penggao Liu Xinyue chen Ting Wang Chunrong He rui Hao Kaiyu Liu State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources College of Chemistry Xinjiang University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Polytechnic University Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South University

Coal direct liquefaction technology is a crucial contemporary coal chemical technology for efficient and clean use of coal resources. The development of direct coal liquefaction technology and the promotion of alternative energy sources are important measures to guarantee energy security and economic security. However, several challenges need to be addressed, including low conversion rate, inadequate oil yield, significant coking, demanding reaction conditions, and high energy consumption. Extensive research has been conducted on these issues, but further exploration is required in certain aspects such as pyrolysis of macromolecules during the liquefaction process, hydrogen activation, catalysts' performance and stability, solvent hydrogenation, as well as interactions between free radicals to understand their mechanisms better. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the design strategy for efficient catalysts in coal liquefaction, encompassing the mechanism of coal liquefaction, catalyst construction,and enhancement of catalytic conversion efficiency. It serves as a comprehensive guide for further research endeavors. Firstly, it systematically summarizes the conversion mechanism of direct coal liquefaction, provides detailed descriptions of various catalyst design strategies, and especially outlines the catalytic mechanism. Furthermore, it addresses the challenges and prospects associated with constructing efficient catalysts for direct coal liquefaction based on an understanding of their action mechanisms.

关键词： Direct coal liquefaction Catalysts Mechanism of action Solvent hydrogenation

Sensitivity of Protein Crystallization to Concentration Change

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Sensitivity of Protein Crystallization to Concentration Chan...

Modular assembly of Co4-thiacalix[4]arene units and Keggin-type SiW12O40 for visible-light photothermal conversion

中国晶体学会第五届全国会员代表大会暨学术大会（大分子分会场）

作者： rui-qing chen Da-Chuan Yin Qin-Qin Lu Jian-Yu Shi Xiao-Liang Ma School of Life Sciences Northwestern Polytechnical University

As one of the most controlled parameters in protein crystallization,the concentration of either the protein or the precipitant is closely related to the supersaturation,which is the driving force of ***,it is usually not an easy task to prepare solutions at accurate concentration levels,especially at small volumes,and it is even more difficult to prepare a series

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 112-119页

作者： Jia-Hui Li qing Zhao Dong-Ao Mao Kun Zhou Bao-Kuan chen Yan-Feng Bi School of Petrochemical Engineering Liaoning Petrochemical University

The construction of metal-organic coordination clusters（MCCs） using modular secondary building units is an important method for preparing functional *** this study,two new MCCs modularly assembled from Keggin-type {SiW12O40}H4TC4A=p-tert-Butylthiacalix[4]arene(SiW12) units and thiacalixarene-supported Co4-thiacalix[4]arene(Co4-TC4A polynuclear second-building units（PSBUs,H4TC4A=p-tert-Butylthiacalix[4]arene） are *** two MCCs,abbreviated as Co4-SiW12and Co8-SiW12,were structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray *** Co4-SiW12is a supramolecular structure involving cation-anion interactions between Co4-TC4A PSBUs and ***8-SiW12features "barbell-like" shapes with two Co4-TC4A coordinatively linked to a Keggin-type SiW12unit on opposite via W-O_t-Co *** coordination of Co4-TC4A to SiW12in Co8-SiW12resulted in significantly improved photothermal conversion performances compared with Co4-SiW12and pure SiW12or ***-gap determination and photophysical analysis combined with density functional theory calculations indicated the binding mode between Co4-TC4A PSBUs and SiW12,which considerably influences the way of electron transport and the conversion ability of visible light to heat.

关键词： Modular construction Photothermal conversion Polyoxometalate Thiacalixarene

Trinuclear gold-catalyzed site-selective alkylation of peptides

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 249-256页

作者： qing-Yun Fang chengyihan Gu Yinghan chen Wencheng Yan Yong Liang Weipeng Li chengjian Zhu Jie Han Jin Xie State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (Chem BIC) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Green Catalysis Center College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical University

Selective modification of peptides has always been a challenging issue. The selective alkylation of peptides can alter the biological activity and physical properties of molecules, and it has gained significant research interest. We herein disclose an intriguing gold-catalyzed alkylation of peptides using bench-stable unactivated alkyl bromides under photoredox catalysis. A wide range of structurally diverse primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl bromides serve as effective coupling partners to precisely connect with the α-C(sp3)–H in glycine residue of peptides. This protocol demonstrates an exceptionally broad scope for alkyl halides and excellent tolerance for a wide range of useful functional groups. A series of relay transformations to construct cyclic peptides, to proceed click reaction and to realize peptide fluorescence labeling further enhance its synthetic practicality. In addition, mechanistic studies and density functional theory(DFT) calculations reveal an inner-sphere and subsequent outersphere single electron transfer(SET) mechanism.

关键词： gold catalysis peptide alkylation C-C coupling radical

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Characteristic changes in astrocyte properties during astrocyte-to-neuron conversion induced by NeuroD1/Ascl1/Dlx2

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1801-1815页

作者： qing He Zhen Wang Yuchen Wang Mengjie Zhu Zhile Liang Kanghong Zhang Yuge Xu Gong chen GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Direct in vivo conversion of astrocytes into functional new neurons induced by neural transcription factors has been recognized as a potential new therapeutic intervention for neural injury and degenerative disorders. However, a few recent studies have claimed that neural transcription factors cannot convert astrocytes into neurons, attributing the converted neurons to pre-existing neurons mis-expressing transgenes. In this study, we overexpressed three distinct neural transcription factors––NeuroD1, Ascl1, and Dlx2––in reactive astrocytes in mouse cortices subjected to stab injury, resulting in a series of significant changes in astrocyte properties. Initially, the three neural transcription factors were exclusively expressed in the nuclei of astrocytes. Over time, however, these astrocytes gradually adopted neuronal morphology, and the neural transcription factors was gradually observed in the nuclei of neuron-like cells instead of astrocytes. Furthermore,we noted that transcription factor-infected astrocytes showed a progressive decrease in the expression of astrocytic markers AQP4(astrocyte endfeet signal), CX43(gap junction signal), and S100β. Importantly, none of these changes could be attributed to transgene leakage into preexisting neurons. Therefore, our findings suggest that neural transcription factors such as NeuroD1, Ascl1, and Dlx2 can effectively convert reactive astrocytes into neurons in the adult mammalian brain.

关键词： aquaporin-4 Ascl1 astrocyte cortex Dlx2 gap junction glia-to-neuron conversion neural regeneration NeuroD1 reprogramming

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