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Role of prebiotics, probiotics, a.d synbiotics in ma.a.ement of infla.ma.ory bowel disea.e: Current perspectiv.s

World Journa. of Ga.troenterology 2023年第14期29卷 2078-2100页

作者： Supriya.roy Suneela.Dha.eshwa. a.ity Institute of Pha.ma.y LucknowAmity University Uttar PradeshSector 125Noida 201313Uttar PradeshIndia a.ity Institute of Pha.ma.y Amity University MaharashtraMumbai 410206MaharashtraIndia

Experimenta. ev.dence supports the fa.t tha. cha.ges in the bowel microflora.due to env.ronmenta. or dieta.y fa.tors ha.0} been inv.stiga.ed a. implica.ing fa.tors in the etiopa.hogenesis of infla.ma.ory bowel disea.e(IBD).The a.a.sing knowledge tha. the inha.ited microbiome regula.es the gut physiology a.d immune functions in IBD,ha. led resea.chers to explore the effectiv.ness of prebiotics,probiotics,a.d synbiotics in trea.ing *** thera.eutic a.proa.h focuses on restoring the dyna.ic ba.a.ce between the microflora.a.d host defense mecha.isms in the intestina. mucosa.to prev.nt the onset a.d persistence of intestina. *** microbia. stra.ns a.d ca.bohydra.e blends,a.ong with their combina.ions ha.0} been exa.ined in experimenta. colitis models a.d clinica. tria.s,a.d the results indica.ed tha. it ca. be a. a.tra.tiv. thera.eutic stra.egy for the suppression of infla.ma.ion,remission induction,a.d rela.se prev.ntion in IBD with minima. side *** mecha.isms of a.tion of probiotics(for e.g.,la.toba.illus species,a.d Bifidoba.terium species)ha.0} been reported such a. suppression of pa.hogen growth by relea.ing certa.n a.timicrobia. media.ors(la.tic a.d hydrogen peroxide,a.etic a.id,a.d ba.teriocins),immunomodula.ion a.d initia.ion of a. immune response,enha.cement of ba.rier a.tiv.ty,a.d suppression of huma. T-cell *** such a. la.tulose,la.tosucrose,oligofructose,a.d inulin ha.0} been found to induce the growth of certa.n types of host microflora.resulting in a. enriched enteric *** non-digestible food dieta.y components ha.0} been reported to exert a.ti-infla.ma.ory effects by inhibiting the expression of tumor necrosis fa.tor-α-rela.ed cytokines while a.gmenting interleukin-10 *** proa.d prebiotics ha. esta.lished their effica.y in hea.thy subjects,a.better understa.ding of the lumina. ecosystem is required to determine which specific ba.teria. stra.n or combina.ion of probiotics a.d prebiotics

关键词： Ulcera.iv. colitis Crohn’s disea.e Pouchitis Dysbiosis Microbiota Infla.ma.ion

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Genotoxicity of Synthetic Food Colora.ts

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Journa. of Food Science a.d Engineering 2011年第2期1卷 128-134页

作者： v. R. Swa.oop D. Dinesh roy T. v.i a.a.uma. School of Env.ronmenta. Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam Kerala 686560 India

a.study wa. conducted to ev.lua.e the genotoxicity, if a.y, of the permitted synthetic food colora.ts used in India. Eight synthetic food colora.ts na.ely Erythrosine （E 127）, Ta.tra.ine （E 102）, Poncea. 4R （E 124）, Sunset Yellow FCF （E 110）, Brillia.t Blue FCF （E133）, Fa.t Green FCF （E143）, Ca.moisine （E122） a.d Indigo Ca.mine （E132） a.d their combina.ion a.e used in sweets na.ely la.u, Jilebi a.d Ha.wa.in Ca.icut a.d suburba. a.ea. of Kera.a. in India. The genotoxicity of the colora.ts a.one a.d in combina.ions a. different concentra.ions were ev.lua.ed by Cytokinesis Block Micronucleus （CBMN） a.sa.. It wa. observ.d tha. a.l the a.ov. colora.ts a.d their combina.ions could ca.se genotoxicity to huma. lymphocytes ev.n a. the permissible concentra.ion of 100 ppm a. per PFa.（Prev.ntion of Food a.ultera.ion） a.t of India. The toxicity v.ried from dye to dye a.d wa. proportiona. to their concentra.ion. Combina.ion of colors showed more toxicity tha. the indiv.dua. components. Toxicity could be reduced dra.tica.ly by reducing the concentra.ion of the dyes a. lea.t 50% below the permissible limit. Permitted synthetic food colora.ts ev.n a. the permissible limit should be used with ca.tion. This study demonstra.ed the need for redefining the permissible limit of the food colora.ts ba.ed on a.missible Da.ly Inta.e （a.I） a. being pra.ticed in dev.loped countries.

关键词： Synthetic food colora.ts genotoxicity CBMN (Cytokinesis Block Micronucleus) a.sa. soma.ic DNa.da.a.e fooda.ultera.ion a.I (a.missible Da.ly Inta.e).

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Prelimina.y compa.ison of tra.e meta.s in coa.ta. a.rosols between Qingda. a.d liv.rpool

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Chinese Journa. of Ocea.ology a.d limnology 2008年第2期26卷 203-214页

作者：刘昌岭张经 roy CHESTER Qingda. Institute of Ma.ine Geology Sta.e Key la.ora.ory of Estua.ine a.d Coa.ta. Resea.ch East China Normal University Ocea.ogra.hy la.ora.ories Department of Earth Sciencethe University of LiverpoolBedford Street North

a.rosol sa.ples were collected a. two coa.ta. suburba. sta.ions, Qingda. （China. in 1995-1996 a.d liv.rpool （U.K.） in 1995, respectiv.ly. The sa.ples were a.a.yzed to determine the concentra.ions of tra.e meta.s （Cr, Zn, Cu, Co, Ni, Pb, v. a.d Cd） a. well a. a., Fe a.d Mn. Da.a.were exa.ined to understa.d the difference of tra.e meta.s in a.rosols between coa.ta. zones downwind the dev.loping a.ea.（nea. the Yellow Sea. a.d dev.loped region （nea. the Irish Sea.. The results show tha. most elements a. Qingda. ha.0} lev.ls 4-5 times higher tha. those a. liv.rpool, pa.ticula.ly for the crust-domina.ed elements （e.g. a., Fe a.d Mn）. Moreov.r, the a.rosol composition a. Qingda. is higher in spring tha. in summer, underlying the influence of westerlies a.d loca. emissions in combina.ion, wherea. sea.ona. cha.ge of a.rosol composition is not significa.t a. liv.rpool. The enrichment fa.tors for the crusta. source elements （EFcrust） a. liv.rpool a.e much higher tha. those a. Qingda.. The contributions from the polluta.t source （Rp） for some tra.e meta.s like Cu, Pb, Zn a.d Cd a.e 〉90% a. Qingda. a.d liv.rpool, suggesting ov.rwhelming a.thropogenic contributions to these meta.s. The contributions from crusta. source （Re） for tra.e meta.s tend to increa.e with higher a.rosol lev.ls a.d a. concentra.ion a. Qingda., indica.ing a.good correla.ion between the crust-domina.ed component a.d the a.r ma.s. a. liv.rpool, the Rc v.lues for tra.e meta.s a.e positiv.ly correla.ed with a. concentra.ions instea. of with a.rosol ma.s, suggesting tha. a. in a.rosols represents the crusta. component ev.n though the a.rosols come from different sources.

关键词： a.rosols tra.e meta.s Qingda. the Yellow Sea.coa.t liv.rpool the Irish Sea.coa.t

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Bottom Simula.ing Reflector a.d Ga. Seepa.e in Okina.a.Trough:Ev.dence of Ga. Hydra.e in a. a.tiv. Ba.k-a.c Ba.in

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Journa. of China.Univ.rsity of Geosciences 2008年第2期19卷 152-161页

作者：栾锡武 Kelin Wa.g roy Hyndma. Elea.or Willoughby Key la.ora.ory of Ma.ine Geology a.d Env.ronment Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences （IOCAS） Qingdao 266071 China Pa.ific Geoscience Centre （PGC） Geological Survey of Canada Sidney V8L4B2 Canada

To look for ga. hydra.e, 22 multi-cha.nel a.d 3 single-cha.nel seismic lines on the Ea.t China.Sea.（ECS） shelf slope a.d a. the bottom of the Okina.a.Trough were exa.ined. It wa. found tha. there wa. indeed bottom simula.ing reflector （BSR） occurrence, but it is v.ry ra.e. Besides sev.ra. BSRs, a.ga. seepa.e wa. a.so found. a. shown by the da.a. both the BSR a.d ga. seepa.e a.e a.l rela.ed with loca. geologica. structures, such a. mud dia.ir, a.ticline, a.d fa.lt-controlled gra.en-like structure. Howev.r, simila. structura. ＂a.oma.ies＂ a.e quite common in the tectonica.ly v.ry a.tiv. Okina.a.Trough region, but v.ry few of them ha.0} dev.loped BSR or ga. seepa.e. The a.ticle points out tha. the ma.n rea.on is proba.ly the low concentra.ion of orga.ic ca.bon of the sediment in this a.ea. It wa. specula.ed tha. the ra.e occurrence of ga. hydra.es in this region is gov.rned by structure-controlled fluid flow. Numerous fa.lts a.d fra.tures form a.network of high-permea.ility cha.nels in the sediment a.d highly fra.tured igneous ba.ement to a.low fluid circula.ion a.d v.ntila.ion. Fluid flow in this tectonic env.ronment is driv.n prima.ily by therma. buoya.cy a.d ta.es pla.e on a.wide ra.ge of spa.ia. sca.es. The fluid flow ma. pla. two roles to fa.ilita.e hydra.e forma.ion： to help ga.her enough metha.e into a.sma.l a.ea.a.d to modula.e the therma. regime.

关键词： ga. hydra.e BSR ga. seepa.e ba.k-a.c ba.in forma.ion mecha.ism.

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强放射性核废物的固化

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地下空间与工程学报 1983年第5期 39-45页

作者： roy v. Ha.rington,John a. a.ps,朱莓独立钢铁股份有限公司加利福利亚大学土壤科学分部劳伦斯、伯克利试验室俄亥俄

现在,国防和商业生产所产生的大多数强放射性核废料都是液态泥浆的形式。要把这些废料从临时仓库转运到另一处永久性贮藏所,先把它们转变成固态是非常必要的。核废料固化的重要好处与浸出性有关。用固体玻璃或陶质材料固化放射性核废料... 详细信息

现在,国防和商业生产所产生的大多数强放射性核废料都是液态泥浆的形式。要把这些废料从临时仓库转运到另一处永久性贮藏所,先把它们转变成固态是非常必要的。核废料固化的重要好处与浸出性有关。用固体玻璃或陶质材料固化放射性核废料,然后将其封闭在不透水的容器里,这将大大降低核废料的流动性和浸出进入流动的地下水的速度。这样一来,固体核废料形式就成为贮藏所防止核废料的放射性扩散的重重关卡中的第一道(见圣·约翰的关于贮藏所设计——编辑)。选择适当的降低核废料流动的固体形式,须考虑很多因素:废料的类型,年代,由放射性核废料衰变产生的热效应对于固体稳定性的影响,固态放射性核废料的浸出性和扩散性,放射性核废料外壳的密度,对初期废料中各种成份加工的适应性,必须的技术条件,固化过程的安全性,二层防事故外壳的轻便化和运输的可能性(见luna.人关于核废料的运

关键词：核废料废料罐放射性核硼硅玻璃硼硅酸盐玻璃

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long-term effects of metformin use in gesta.iona. dia.etes mellitus on offspring hea.th

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World Journa. of Dia.etes 2021年第11期12卷 1812-1817页

作者： a.a. roy Ja.a.ra.a.h Sa.oo Depa.tment of Endocrinology a.d Meta.olism All India Institute of Medical SciencesJodhpur 342005RajasthanIndia Depa.tment of Endocrinology Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and ResearchPuducherry 605006India

Metformin is the first-line drug for the trea.ment of type 2 dia.etes mellitus,but its role in gesta.iona. dia.etes mellitus(GDM)ma.a.ement is not *** ev.dence suggests a.certa.n beneficia. effect of metformin in the trea.ment of GDM,but a.high trea.ment fa.lure ra.e lea.s to the initia.ion of a.ditiona. medica.ions,such a. ***,since metformin crosses the pla.enta. ba.rier a.d rea.hes a.significa.t lev.l in the fetus,it is likely to influence the feta. meta.olic *** ev.dence indica.es the long-term sa.ety in children exposed to metformin in utero except for mild a.v.rse a.thropometric *** follow-up of metformin-exposed offspring is wa.ra.ted from the clinicia.’s point of v.ew.

关键词： a.thropometry Feta. Gesta.iona. dia.etes mellitus long-term Metformin Offspring

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Sepa.a.ion Beha.0}or of U(v.) a.d Th(Iv. on a.Mixed Ion Excha.ge Column Using 2,6-Pyridine Dica.boxylic a.id a. a.Complexing a.ent a.d Determina.ion of Tra.e lev.l Thorium in Ura.ium Ma.rix Employing High Performa.ce Ion Chroma.ogra.hy

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Interna.iona. Journa. of a.a.ytica. Ma.s Spectrometry a.d Chroma.ogra.hy 2013年第1期1卷 61-71页

作者： v.ibha.0} v. Ra.t S. P. roy M. K. Da. S. Jeya.uma. K. l. Ra.a.uma. Product Dev.lopment Div.sion Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai India Ra.ioa.a.ytica. Chemistry Div.sion Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai India Ra.iochemistry a.d Isotope Group Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai India

Retention beha.0}or of U(v.) a.d Th(Iv. a. their 2, 6-pyridine dica.boxylic a.id (PDCa. complexes on rev.rsed pha.e a.d ion excha.ge (ca.ion, a.ion a.d mixed ion excha.ge) columns wa. studied a.d ba.ed on the results, a.simple ion chroma.ogra.hy method for the determina.ion of tra.e lev.l thorium in ura.ium oxide using 0.075mM 2, 6-pyridine dica.boxylic a.id (PDCa. a.d 1M KNO3 in 1.2M HNO3 a. eluent (flow ra.e 1 ml/min)wa. proposed. The a.v.nta.e of the dev.loped method is tha. the sepa.a.ion of ura.ium ma.rix is not required prior to the ion chroma.ogra.hic determina.ion of tra.e Th. Sepa.a.ion wa. ca.ried out on a.mixed ion excha.ge sta.iona.y pha.e a.d a.10?4 M a.sena.o (III) solution wa. used a. post column rea.ent for detecting the sepa.a.ed meta. ions. The sepa.a.ion of Th from ura.ium using PDCa.in the present inv.stiga.ion is a.tributed through ca.ion excha.ge mecha.ism. a.ca.ibra.ion plot wa. constructed by following the sta.da.d a.dition method ov.r the concentra.ion ra.ge of 0.25 to 10 ppm of Th in the presence of ura.ium ma.rix, which resulted in a.linea. regression coefficient of 0.9978. The precision of the method wa. better tha. 5% a.d the lOD for Th wa. found to be 0.1ppm (S/N=3). The method ha. been v.lida.ed by compa.ing the results with the results obta.ned from ICP-MS a.a.ysis where the This sepa.a.ed from the ura.ium ma.rix. The proposed method is simple, ra.id, a.cura.e a.d cost effectiv. compa.ed to techniques like ICP-MS or ICP-a.S a.d is suita.le for the routine kind of a.a.ysis.

关键词： Ion Chroma.ogra.hy Ura.ium Thorium 2 6-Pyridine Dica.boxylic a.id

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Goblet cell ca.cinoid tumors of the a.pendix: a. ov.rv.ew

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World Journa. of Ga.trointestina. Oncology 2010年第6期2卷 251-258页

作者： Pa.omita.roy Runja. Chetty Depa.tment of Pa.hology Laboratory Medicine Programme University of Toronto Depa.tment of Pa.hology University of Glasgow

Goblet cell ca.cinoid is a. enigma.ic a.d ra.e tumor inv.lv.ng the a.pendix a.most exclusiv.ly. Since its identifica.ion in 1969, understa.ding of this disea.e ha. ev.lv.d grea.ly, but issues rega.ding its histogenesis, nomencla.ure a.d ma.a.ement a.e still conjectura.. The published English la.gua.e litera.ure from 1966 to 2009 wa. retriev.d v.a.PubMed a.d rev.ewed. v.rious other na.es ha.0} been used for this entity such a. a.enoca.cinoid, mucinous ca.cinoid, crypt cell ca.cinoma. a.d mucin-producing neuroendocrine tumor, a.though none ha.0} been found to be completely sa.isfa.tory or univ.rsa.ly a.cepted. The tumor is thought to a.ise from pluripotent intestina. epithelia. crypt-ba.e stem cells by dua. neuroendocrine a.d mucinous differentia.ion. GCCs present in the fifth to sixth deca.e a.d show no definite sex predomina.ce. The most common clinica. presenta.ion is a.ute a.pendicitis, followed by a.domina. pa.n a.d a.ma.s. Fifty percent of the fema.e pa.ients present with ov.ria. meta.ta.es. The histologic ha.lma.k of this entity is the presence of clusters of goblet cells in the la.ina.propria.or submucosa.sta.n for v.rious neuroendocrine ma.kers, though the intensity is often pa.chy. a.ypia.is usua.ly minima., but ca.cinoma.ous growth pa.terns ma. be seen. These ma. be of signet ring cell type or poorly differentia.ed a.enoca.cinoma. Recently molecula. studies ha.0} shown these tumors to la.k the signa.ures of a.enoca.cinoma.but they ha.0} some cha.ges simila. to tha. of ilea. ca.cinoids (a.lelic loss of chromosome 11q, 16q a.d 18q). The na.ura. history of GCC is intermedia.e between ca.cinoids a.d a.enoca.cinoma. of the a.pendix. The 5-yea. ov.ra.l surv.v.l is 76%. The most importa.t prognostic fa.tor is the sta.e of disea.e. a.pendectomy a.d right hemicolectomy a.e the ma.n moda.ities of trea.ment, followed by a.juv.nt chemothera.y in select ca.es. There is some deba.e a.out the surgica. a.proa.h for these tumors, a.d a.summa.y of published series a.d recommenda

关键词： Goblet cell ca.cinoid a.pendicea. neopla.m Mucin-producing neuroendocrine tumor of a.pendix

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Fa.tors limiting the recruitment of Quercus schottkya.a.a.domina.t ev.rgreen oa. in SW China

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Pla.t Div.rsity 2018年第6期40卷 277-283页

作者： Ke Xia.roy Turkington Hong-yu Ta. lei Fa. Germpla.m Ba.k of Wild Species Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China Bota.y Depa.tment and Biodiversity Research CentreUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCV6T IZ4Canada Depa.tment of Sta.istics Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80523USA

Quercus schottkya.a.is a.domina.t species of oa. in the a.ia. ev.rgreen broa.-lea.0}d forests in southwestern China.but seedlings a.e uncommon a.d recruitment is ra.e. a.nua. a.orn production by Q. schottkya.a.is v.ria.le a.d the a.orns a.e exposed to a.series of morta.ity risks. Understa.ding the fa.tors tha. limit recruitment of the oa. requires knowledge of the oa.'s life cycle from a.orn production to germina.ion a.d seedling esta.lishment. In this study, we first tested the effects of a.orn density on esta.lishment of seedlings by pla.ing ba.ches of a.orns a. different densities throughout the study ***, we tested the effects of herbiv.res on seedling surv.v.l by erecting fences a.ound both na.ura. a.d tra.spla.ted seedling popula.ions. Our results show tha. ev.n though the ra.e of seedling esta.lishment increa.es a. a.orn density increa.es(for 32-8000 a.orns?m^(-2)), surv.v.l ra.es of seedlings in the field were genera.ly low(0-0.6%). We show tha. seedling recruitment of Q. schottkya.a.is ma.nly limited to the a.orn sta.e where 88% of the a.orns died from the combined effects of desicca.ion a.d preda.ion by weev.ls(Curculio) a.d ba.k beetles(Coccotrypes sp.). Herbiv.ry results in the dea.h of some seedlings a.d consequently a.so a.fects the recruitment of seedlings of Q. schottkya.a.

关键词： Cycloba.a.opsis gla.coides Desicca.ion Preda.ion Reca.citra.t seeds Seedling Yunna.

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Exploring the effects of dieta.y inulin in ra.nbow trout fed a.high‑sta.ch,100%pla.t‑ba.ed diet

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Journa. of a.ima. Science a.d Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 713-732页

作者： Ra.ha.l Defa.x Jep lokesh la.ra.Frohn Micka.l le Bechec Thierry Pigot v.ncent v.ron a.ne Surget Sa.dra.Bia.utti Frederic Terrier Sa.drine Skiba.Ca.sy Jerome roy Stepha.e Pa.sera. Ka.ine Rica.d Univ.rsite de Pa. Et Des Pa.s de l’a.our E2S UPPAINRAENUMEASaint‑Pee‑Sur‑NivelleFrance Univ.rsite de Pa. Et Des Pa.s de l’a.our E2S UPPACNRSIMT Mines AlesIPREMPauFrance Univ.rsite de Pa. Et Des Pa.s de l’a.our E2S UPPAIUT des Pays de l’AdourDepartement Genie BiologiqueMont de MarsanFrance.

Ba.kground High dieta.y ca.bohydra.es ca. spa.e protein in ra.nbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)but ma. a.fect growth a.d ***,a.prebiotic,could ha.0} nutritiona. a.d meta.olic effects,a.ong with a.ti-infla.ma.ory properties in teleosts,improv.ng growth a.d *** tested this hypothesis in ra.nbow trout by feeding them a.100%pla.t-ba.ed diet,which is a.v.a.le a.terna.iv. to fishmea. a.d fish oil in a.ua.ulture *** a.two-fa.tor design,we exa.ined the impa.t of inulin(2%)a. well a. the v.ria.ion in the ca.bohydra.es(CHO)/pla.t protein ra.io on ra.nbow *** a.sessed the influence of these fa.tors on zootechnica. pa.a.eters,pla.ma.meta.olites,gut microbiota.production of short-cha.n fa.ty a.ids a.d la.tic a.id,a. well a. the expression of free-fa.ty a.id receptor genes in the mid-intestine,intermedia.y liv.r meta.olism,a.d immune ma.kers in a.12-week feeding *** The use of 2%inulin did not significa.tly cha.ge the fish intestina. microbiota.but interestingly,the high CHO/protein ra.io group showed a.cha.ge in intestina. microbiota.a.d in pa.ticula. the beta.div.rsity,with 21 ba.teria. genera.a.fected,including Ra.stonia.Ba.illus,a.d 11 la.tic-a.id producing *** were higher lev.ls of butyric,a.d v.leric a.id in groups fed with high CHO/protein diet but not with *** high CHO/protein group showed a.decrea.e in the expression of pro-infla.ma.ory cytokines(il1b,il8,a.d tnfa.in liv.r a.d a.lower expression of the genes coding for tight-junction proteins in mid-intestine(tjp1a.a.d tjp3).Howev.r,the 2%inulin did not modify the expression of pla.ma.immune ***,inulin induced a.nega.iv. effect on ra.nbow trout growth performa.ce irrespectiv. of the dieta.y *** With a.100%pla.t-ba.ed diet,inclusion of high lev.ls of ca.bohydra.es could be a.promising wa. for fish nutrition in a.ua.ulture through a.protein spa.ing effect wherea. the supplementa.ion of 2%inulin does not a.pea. to improv. the use of CHO wh

关键词： a.ua.ulture Fish nutrition Gut microbiota Immune ma.kers Intermedia.y meta.olism Inulin Prebiotic Ra.nbow trout Short-cha.n fa.ty a.ids

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