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Neuroendocrine tumors:a multidisciplinary approach for a complex disease

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2016年第1期2卷 277-278页

作者： rossana Berardi Medical Oncology Unit UniversitàPolitecnica delle MarcheAzienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Umberto IGM LancisiG Salesi di AnconaVia Conca 7160126 AnconaItaly

Neuroendocrine neoplasms include a heterogeneous group of neoplasms,representing a spectrum of rare neoplasms arising in different organism sites with different malignant potential and *** typically occur in gastroint... 详细信息

关键词： neoplasms Neuroendocrine gastrointestinal

Electrolyte disorders in cancer patients: a systematic review

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2019年第12期4卷 1-33页

作者： rossana Berardi Mariangela Torniai Edoardo Lenci Federica Pecci Francesca Morgese Silvia Rinaldi Clinica Oncologica UniversitàPolitecnica delle MarcheAzienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Umberto I-GM Lancisi-G SalesiAncona 60126Italy

Electrolyte disorders are very common complications in cancer patients. They might be associated to a worsening outcome, influencing quality of life, possibility to receive anticancer drugs, and conditioning survival. In fact, they might provoke important morbidity, with dysfunction of multiple organs and rarely causing life-threatening conditions. Moreover, recent studies showed that they might worsen cancer patients' outcome, while a prompt correction seems to have a positive impact. Furthermore, there is evidence of a correlation between electrolyte alterations and poorer performance status, delays in therapy commencement and continuation, and negative treatment outcomes. These alterations usually involve sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium serum levels. Several causes might contribute to electrolyte disorders in cancer patients: cancer effects, such as paraneoplastic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis and tumor lysis syndrome;anti-cancer therapies;and other concomitant clinical conditions or treatments. However, the origin of the electrolyte disorder is often multifactorial, thus identifying and correcting the causes is not always feasible. Furthermore, they are often not recognized or not considered in clinical practice, worsening these alterations and patient condition. An improvement of knowledge about the physiological mechanisms underlying electrolyte disorders is necessary to strengthen their identification and set up a prompt, adequate, and effective treatment. The aim of this systematic review is to provide an analysis of the pathophysiological mechanisms of electrolyte abnormalities in cancer patients to facilitate their identification, management, and therapy to improve patient outcome.

关键词： Cancer electrolyte disorders hyponatremia syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis hyperkalemia hypocalcemia hypomagnesemia

Alternate Wetting and Drying of Rice Reduced CH4 Emissions but Triggered N2O Peaks in a Clayey Soil of Central Italy

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Pedosphere 2016年第4期26卷 533-548页

作者： Alessandra LAGOMARSINO Alessandro Elio AGNELLI Bruce LINQUIST Maria Arlene ADVIENTO-BORBE Alberto AGNELLI Giacomo GAVINA Stefano RAVAGLIA rossana Monica FERRARA Consiglio per la Ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'Economia Agraria centro di ricerca per l'Agro Biologia e la Pedologia 50121 Firenze Department of Plant Sciences University of California Davis CA 95616 Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie Alimentari e Ambientali Universita di Perugia 06123 Perugia Societa Italiana Sementi S. Lazzaro di Savena 40068 Bologna Consiglio per la Ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'Economia Agraria Research Unit for Cropping Systems in Dry Environments70125 Bari

Reducing CH4 and N20 emissions from rice cropping systems while sustaining production levels with less water requires a better understanding of the key processes involved. Alternate wetting and drying （AWD） irrigation is one promising practice that has been shown to reduce CH4 emissions. However, little is known about the impact of this practice on N20 emissions, in particular under Mediterranean climate. To close this knowledge gap, we assessed how AWD influenced grain yield, fluxes and annual budgets of CH4 and N20 emissions, and global warming potential （GWP） in Italian rice systems over a 2-year period. Overall, a larger GWP was observed under AWD, as a result of high N20 emissions which offset reductions in CH4 emissions. In the first year, with 70% water reduction, the yields were reduced by 33%, CH4 emissions decreased by 97%, while N20 emissions increased by more than 5-fold under AWD as compared to PF; in the second year, with a 40% water saving, the reductions of rice yields and CH4 emissions （13% and 11%, respectively） were not significant, but N20 fluxes more than doubled. The transition from anaerobic to aerobic soil conditions resulted in the highest N20 fluxes under AWD. The duration of flooding, transition to aerobic conditions, water level above the soil surface, and the relative timing between fertilization and flooding were the main drivers affecting greenhouse gas mitigation potential under AWD and should be carefully planned through site-specific management options.

关键词： aerobic soil conditions fertilization global warming potential greenhouse gas mitigation potential water saving

Polyomavirus-associated nephropathy

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World Journal of Transplantation 2012年第6期2卷 84-94页

作者： Cristina Costa rossana Cavallo Virology Unit University Hospital San Giovanni Battista di Torino 10126 Turin Italy

Polyomaviruses BK and JC are ubiquitous viruses with high seroprevalence rates in general *** primary infection,polyomaviruses BK and JC persist latently in different sites,particularly in the reno-urinary *** from latency may occur in normal subjects with asymptomatic viruria,while it can be associated to nephropathy(PVAN)in kidney transplantat *** may occur in 1%-10%of renal transplant patients with loss of the transplanted organ in 30%up to 80%of the *** of PVAN is mainly attributable to BK virus,although approximately5%of the cases may be due to *** of PVAN is still unknown,although viral replication and the lack of immune control play a major *** represents the condicio sine qua non for the development of PVAN and the modulation of anti-rejection treatment represents the first line of intervention,given the lack of specific antiviral *** moment,an appropriate immunemodulation can only be accomplished by early identification of viral reactivacation by evaluation of polyomavirus load on serum and/or urine specimens,particularly in the first year ***-immunological monitoring of specific cellular immune response could be useful to identify patients unable to recover cellular immunity posttransplantation,that are at higher risk of viral reactivation with development of ***,the main features of polyomaviruses BK and JC,biological properties,clinical characteristics,etiopathogenesis,monitoring and diag-nosing of PVAN will be described and discussed,with an extended citation of related relevant literature data.

关键词： Polyomavirus Kidney transplantation Immunosuppressive therapy Virological monitoring Cellular immune response

The importance of being ＂not transplantable＂

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第12期13卷 1002-1004页

作者： rossana Taravella Marco Caruso Massimo Benedetto Renato Ciofalo Giuliana Pace Salvatore Asciutto Salvatore Novo Giuseppe Cirrincione Division of Interventional Cardiology Arnas Civico Hospital. Division of Cardiology University Hospital 'Policlinico P. Giaccone ' Palermo Italy Division of lnterventional Cardiology Arnas Civico Hospital Palermo Italy Division of Cardiology University Hospital 'Policlinico P. Giaccone' Palermo Italy

MitraClip therapy for mitral regurgitation （MR） in ad- vanced-end stage heart failure （HF）, could open a final bridge to improve symptoms and quality of life in ＂not transplant- able＂ patients. Functional MR is ... 详细信息

关键词： Endstage heart failure Heart transplantation MitraClip Mitral regurgitation NYHA functional class

Dectin- 1 isoforms contribute to distinct Th 1/Th 17 cell activation in mucosal candidiasis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2012年第3期9卷 276-286页

作者： Agostinho Carvalho Gloria Giovannini AntoneUa De Luca Carmen D＇Angelo Andrea Casagrande rossana G Iannitti Giovanni Ricci Cristina Cunha Luigina Romani Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences University of Perugia Perugia Italy Life and Health Sciences Research Institute （ICVS） School of Health Sciences University of Minho Braga Portugal CVS/3B＇s--PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/Guimaraes Portugal

The recognition of p-glucans by dectin-1 has been shown to mediate cell activation, cytokine production and a variety of antifungal responses. Here, we report that the functional activity of dectin-1 in mucosal immunity to Candida albicans is influenced by the genetic background of the host. Dectin-1 was required for the proper control of gastrointestinal and vaginal candidiasis in C57BIJ6, but not BALB/c mice; in fact, the latter showed increased resistance in the absence of dectin-1. The susceptibility of dectin-l-deficient C57BL/6 mice to infection was associated with defects in IL-17A and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent IL-22 production and in adaptive Th I responses. In contrast, the resistance of dectin- 1-deficient BALB/c mice was associated with increased IL-17A and IL-22 production and the skewing towards Thl/Treg immune responses that provide immunological memory. Disparate canonical/ noncanonical NF-KB signaling pathways downstream of dectin-1 were activated in the two different mouse strains. Thus, the net activity of dectin-1 in antifungal mucosal immunity is dependent on the host＇s genetic background, which affects both the innate cytokine production and the adaptive Th1/Th17 cell activation upon dectin-1 signaling.

关键词： Dectin-1 Mucosal candidiasis, Th1/Th17, 11-22, genetic background

The use of pharmacogenetics to increase the safety of colorectal cancer patients treated with fluoropyrimidines

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2019年第1期2卷 116-130页

作者： Elena De Mattia rossana Roncato Chiara Dalle Fratte Fabrizio Ecca Giuseppe Toffoli Erika Cecchin Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano(CRO)IRCCSAviano 33081Italy

Fluoropyrimidines(FP)are given in the combination treatment of the advanced disease or as monotherapy in the neo-adjuvant and adjuvant treatment of colorectal cancerand other solid tumors including breast,head and neck and gastric *** present a narrow therapeutic index with 10 to 26% of patients experiencing acute severe or life-threatening *** the high number of patients receiving FP-based therapies,and the significant effects of toxicities on their quality of life,the prevention of FP-related adverse events is of major clinical *** genetic variants in the rate limiting enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase(DPYD)gene are related to the occurrence of extremely severe,early onset toxicity in FP treated *** pre-treatment diagnostic test of 4 DPYD genetic polymorphisms is suggested by the currently available pharmacogenetic *** prospective implementation projects are ongoing to support the introduction of up-front genotyping of the patients in clinical *** pharmacogenetic studies tried to assess the predictive role of other polymorphisms in genes involved in the FP pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamic pathways,TYMS and MTHFR,but no additional clinically validated genetic markers of toxicity are available to *** development of next-generation sequencing platforms opens new possibilities to highlight previously unreported genetic ***,the investigation of the genetic variation in the patients immunological system,a pivotal target in cancer treatment,could bring notable advances in the *** review will describe the most recent literature on the use of pharmacogenetics to increase the safety of a treatment based on FP administration in colorectal cancer patients.

关键词： Fluoropyrimidines pharmacogenetics colorectal cancer toxicity DPYD TYMS MTHFR

Medical treatment for gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第4期8卷 389-401页

作者： rossana Berardi Francesca Morgese Mariangela Torniai Agnese Savini Stefano Partelli Silvia Rinaldi Miriam Caramanti Consuelo Ferrini Massimo Falconi Stefano Cascinu Department of Medical Oncology Università Politecnica delle Marche Chirurgia del Pancreas Ospedale San Raffaele IRCCS Università Vita e Salute

Gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms(GEPNENs) represents a various family of rare tumours. Surgery is the first choice in GEP-NENs patients with localized disease whilst in the metastatic setting many other treatment options are available. Somatostatin analogues are indicated for symptoms control in functioning tumours. Furthermore they may be effective to inhibit tumour progression. GEP-NENs pathogenesis has been extensively studied in the last years therefore several driver mutations pathway genes have been identified as crucial factors in their tumourigenesis. GEP-NENs can over-express vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), basic-fibroblastic growth factor, transforming growth factor(TGF-α and-β), platelet derived growth factor(PDGF), insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) and their receptors PDGF receptor, IGF-1 receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor, VEGF receptor, and c-kit(stem cell factor receptor) that can be considered as potential targets. The availability of new targeted agents, such as everolimus and sunitinib that are effective in advanced and metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours, has provided new treatment opportunities. Many trials combing new drugs are ongoing.

关键词： Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the gastro-entero-pancreatic system Chemotherapy Targeted agents Somatostatin analogues Everolimus Sunitinib

Left atrium veno-arterial extra corporeal membrane oxygenation as temporary mechanical support for cardiogenic shock:A case report

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世界临床病例杂志 2023年第27期11卷 6531-6536页

作者： rossana Lamastra David Michael Abbott Antonella Degani Carlo Pellegrini Roberto Veronesi Stefano Pelenghi Chiara Dezza Giulia Gazzaniga Mirko Belliato Department of Surgical Pediatric and Diagnostic SciencesUniversity of PaviaPavia 27100PVItaly Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San MatteoPavia 27100PVItaly Clinical SurgicalDiagnostic and Pediatric Sciences DepartmentUniversity of PaviaItaly-Department of Cardiac SurgeryFondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo FoundationPavia 27100PVItaly SC-AR2 Anestesia e Terapia Intensiva Cardiotoracica Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Pavia 27100PVItaly Department of Cardiac Surgery 1 IRCCS University Hospital Foundation"San Matteo"Pavia 27100Italy

BACKGROUND Veno-arterial extra corporeal membrane oxygenation(VA-ECMO)support is commonly complicated with left ventricle(LV)distension in patients with cardiogenic *** resolved this problem by transeptally converting VAECMO to left atrium veno-arterial(LAVA)-ECMO that functioned as a temporary paracorporeal left ventricular assist device to resolve LV *** our case LAVA-ECMO was also functioning as a bridge-to-transplant device,a technique that has been scarcely reported in the *** SUMMARY A 65 year-old man suffered from acute myocardial injury that required percutaneous *** than two weeks later,noncompliance to antiplatelet therapy led to stent thrombosis,cardiogenic shock,and cardiac *** VA-ECMO support was started,and the patient underwent a second coronary angiography with re-stenting and intra-aortic balloon pump *** VA-ECMO support was complicated by left ventricular distension which we resolved via ***,episodes of bleeding and sepsis complicated the clinical picture and the patient passed away 27 d after initiating *** This clinical case demonstrates that LAVA-ECMO is a viable strategy to unload the LV without another invasive percutaneous or surgical *** also demonstrate that LAVA-ECMO can also be weaned to a left ventricular assist device system.A benefit of this technique is that the procedure is potentially reversible,should the patient require VA-ECMO support again.A transeptal LV venting approach like LAVA-ECMO may be indicated over ImpellaTM in cases where less LV unloading is required and where a restrictive myocardium could cause LV *** ventricular over-distention is a well-known complication of peripheral VA-ECMO in cardiogenic shock and LAVA ECMO through transeptal cannulation offers a novel and safe approach for treating LV overloading,without the need of an additional percutaneous access.

关键词： Left atrium venoarterial extra corporeal membrane oxygenation Shock Case report