检索结果-南通市图书馆

Locally advanced rectal cancer:The importance of a multidisciplinary approach

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第46期20卷 17279-17287页

作者： rossana Berardi Elena Maccaroni Azzurra Onofri Francesca Morgese Mariangela Torniai Michela Tiberi Consuelo ferrini Stefano Cascinu Medical Oncology Università Politecnica delle MarcheAzienda OspedalieroUniversitaria Ospedali Riuniti Umberto IGM LancisiG Salesi di Ancona60126 AnconaItaly

Rectal cancer accounts for a relevant part of colorectal cancer cases,with a mortality of 4-10/100000 per *** development of locoregional recurrences and the occurrence of distant metastases both influences the prognosis of these *** the last two decades,new multimodality strategies have improved the prognosis of locally advanced rectal cancer with a significant reduction of local relapse and an increase in terms of overall *** surgery still remains the principal curative treatment and the introduction of total mesorectal excision has significantly achieved a reduction in terms of local recurrence *** employment of neoadjuvant treatment,delivered before surgery,also achieved an improved local control and an increasedsphincter preservation rate in low-lying tumors,with an acceptable acute and late *** review describes the multidisciplinary management of rectal cancer,focusing on the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and of post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy both in the standard combined modality treatment programs and in the ongoing research to improve these regimens.

关键词： Locally advanced rectal cancer neo-adjuvant treatment Radio-chemotherapy Surgery Adjuvant treatment Target drugs

Bio-mathematical models of viral dynamics to tailor antiviral therapy in chronic viral hepatitis

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第5期15卷 531-537页

作者： Maurizia rossana Brunetto Piero Colombatto ferruccio Bonino UO Epatologia Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana 56100 Pisa Italy Direzione Scientifica Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Mangiagalli and Regina Elena di Milano 20122 Milano Italy

The simulation of the dynamics of viral infections by mathematical equations has been applied successfully to the study of viral infections during antiviral therapy. Standard models applied to viral hepatitis describe the viral load decline in the f irst 2-4 wk of antiviral therapy, but do not adequately simulate the dynamics of viral infection for the following period. The hypothesis of a constant clearance rate of the infected cells provides an unrealistic estimation of the time necessary to reach the control or the clearance of hepatitis B virus (HBV)/ hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. To overcome the problem, we have developed a new multiphasic model in which the immune system activity is modulated by a negative feedback caused by the infected cells reduction, and alanine aminotransferase kinetics serve as a surrogate marker of infected-cell clearance. By this approach, we can compute the dynamics of infected cells during the whole treatment course, and find a good correlation between the number of infected cells at the end of therapy and the long-term virological response in patients with chronic hepatitis C. The new model successfully describes the HBV infection dynamics far beyond the third month of antiviral therapy unde. the assumption that the sum of infected and non-infected cells remains roughly constant during therapy, and both target and infected cells concur in the hepatocyte turnover. In clinical practice, these new models will allow the development of simulators of treatment response that will be used as an "automatic pilot" for tailoring antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B as well as chronic hepatitis C patients.

关键词： Viral hepatitis Bio-mathematical models Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis C virus Viral dynamics

Electrolyte disorders in cancer patients: a systematic review

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2019年第12期4卷 1-33页

作者： rossana Berardi Mariangela Torniai Edoardo Lenci federica Pecci Francesca Morgese Silvia Rinaldi Clinica Oncologica UniversitàPolitecnica delle MarcheAzienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Umberto I-GM Lancisi-G SalesiAncona 60126Italy

Electrolyte disorders are very common complications in cancer patients. They might be associated to a worsening outcome, influencing quality of life, possibility to receive anticancer drugs, and conditioning survival. In fact, they might provoke important morbidity, with dysfunction of multiple organs and rarely causing life-threatening conditions. Moreover, recent studies showed that they might worsen cancer patients' outcome, while a prompt correction seems to have a positive impact. Furthermore, there is evidence of a correlation between electrolyte alterations and poorer performance status, delays in therapy commencement and continuation, and negative treatment outcomes. These alterations usually involve sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium serum levels. Several causes might contribute to electrolyte disorders in cancer patients: cancer effects, such as paraneoplastic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis and tumor lysis syndrome;anti-cancer therapies;and other concomitant clinical conditions or treatments. However, the origin of the electrolyte disorder is often multifactorial, thus identifying and correcting the causes is not always feasible. Furthermore, they are often not recognized or not considered in clinical practice, worsening these alterations and patient condition. An improvement of knowledge about the physiological mechanisms unde.lying electrolyte disorders is necessary to strengthen their identification and set up a prompt, adequate, and effective treatment. The aim of this systematic review is to provide an analysis of the pathophysiological mechanisms of electrolyte abnormalities in cancer patients to facilitate their identification, management, and therapy to improve patient outcome.

关键词： Cancer electrolyte disorders hyponatremia syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis hyperkalemia hypocalcemia hypomagnesemia

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis in prostate adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation: a case report and literature review

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2019年第7期4卷 69-76页

作者： Ilaria Fiordoliva Giulia Marcantognini Silvia Rinaldi Alessia Cimadamore Rodolfo Montironi rossana Berardi Medical Oncology UniversitàPolitecnica delle MarcheOspedali Riuniti Umberto I-GM Lancisi-G SalesiVia Conca 71Ancona 60126Italy Section of Pathological Anatomy UniversitàPolitecnica delle MarcheSchool of MedicineOspedali Riuniti Umberto I-GM Lancisi-G SalesiVia Conca 71Ancona 60126Italy

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD) is a common paraneoplastic syndrome commonly associated with thoracic malignancies, gastrointestinal cancers and kidney tumors. It is defined as hyponatremia in euvolemic patients, often due to abnormal secretion of antidiuretic hormone by tumor cells. Tolvaptan, a vasopressin-2-receptor antagonist, is currently recommende. for patients affected by SIAD with mild or moderate symptoms. Among patients with prostatic cancer, SIAD represents a rare condition but it is frequently associated with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma or pure small-cell carcinoma histotype. We report a case of SIAD appeared at disease progression in a 60-year-old male patient with acinar adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation together with a literature review.

关键词： Hyponatremia prostate cancer syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis neuroendocrine differentiation

Polyomavirus-associated nephropathy

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Transplantation 2012年第6期2卷 84-94页

作者： Cristina Costa rossana Cavallo Virology Unit University Hospital San Giovanni Battista di Torino 10126 Turin Italy

Polyomaviruses BK and JC are ubiquitous viruses with high seroprevalence rates in general *** primary infection,polyomaviruses BK and JC persist latently in different sites,particularly in the reno-urinary *** from latency may occur in normal subjects with asymptomatic viruria,while it can be associated to nephropathy(PVAn)in kidney transplantat *** may occur in 1%-10%of renal transplant patients with loss of the transplanted organ in 30%up to 80%of the *** of PVAn is mainly attributable to BK virus,although approximately5%of the cases may be due to *** of PVAn is still unknown,although viral replication and the lack of immune control play a major *** represents the condicio sine qua non for the development of PVAn and the modulation of anti-rejection treatment represents the first line of intervention,given the lack of specific antiviral *** moment,an appropriate immunemodulation can only be accomplished by early identification of viral reactivacation by evaluation of polyomavirus load on serum and/or urine specimens,particularly in the first year ***-immunological monitoring of specific cellular immune response could be useful to identify patients unable to recover cellular immunity posttransplantation,that are at higher risk of viral reactivation with development of ***,the main features of polyomaviruses BK and JC,biological properties,clinical characteristics,etiopathogenesis,monitoring and diag-nosing of PVAn will be described and discussed,with an extende. citation of related relevant literature data.

关键词： Polyomavirus Kidney transplantation Immunosuppressive therapy Virological monitoring Cellular immune response

Alternate Wetting and Drying of Rice Reduced CH4 Emissions but Triggered n2O Peaks in a Clayey Soil of Central Italy

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Pedosphere 2016年第4期26卷 533-548页

作者： Alessandra LAGOMARSInO Alessandro Elio AGnELLI Bruce LInQUIST Maria Arlene ADVIEnTO-BORBE Alberto AGnELLI Giacomo GAVInA Stefano RAVAGLIA rossana Monica feRRARA Consiglio per la Ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'Economia Agraria centro di ricerca per l'Agro Biologia e la Pedologia 50121 Firenze Department of Plant Sciences University of California Davis CA 95616 Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie Alimentari e Ambientali Universita di Perugia 06123 Perugia Societa Italiana Sementi S. Lazzaro di Savena 40068 Bologna Consiglio per la Ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'Economia Agraria Research Unit for Cropping Systems in Dry Environments70125 Bari

Reducing CH4 and n20 emissions from rice cropping systems while sustaining production levels with less water requires a better unde.standing of the key processes involved. Alternate wetting and drying （AWD） irrigation is one promising practice that has been shown to reduce CH4 emissions. However, little is known about the impact of this practice on n20 emissions, in particular unde. Mediterranean climate. To close this knowledge gap, we assessed how AWD influenced grain yield, fluxes and annual budgets of CH4 and n20 emissions, and global warming potential （GWP） in Italian rice systems over a 2-year period. Overall, a larger GWP was observed unde. AWD, as a result of high n20 emissions which offset reductions in CH4 emissions. In the first year, with 70% water reduction, the yields were reduced by 33%, CH4 emissions decreased by 97%, while n20 emissions increased by more than 5-fold unde. AWD as compared to PF; in the second year, with a 40% water saving, the reductions of rice yields and CH4 emissions （13% and 11%, respectively） were not significant, but n20 fluxes more than doubled. The transition from anaerobic to aerobic soil conditions resulted in the highest n20 fluxes unde. AWD. The duration of flooding, transition to aerobic conditions, water level above the soil surface, and the relative timing between fertilization and flooding were the main drivers affecting greenhouse gas mitigation potential unde. AWD and should be carefully planned through site-specific management options.

关键词： aerobic soil conditions fertilization global warming potential greenhouse gas mitigation potential water saving

The use of pharmacogenetics to increase the safety of colorectal cancer patients treated with fluoropyrimidines

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Cancer Drug Resistance 2019年第1期2卷 116-130页

作者： Elena De Mattia rossana Roncato Chiara Dalle Fratte Fabrizio Ecca Giuseppe Toffoli Erika Cecchin Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano(CRO)IRCCSAviano 33081Italy

Fluoropyrimidines(FP)are given in the combination treatment of the advanced disease or as monotherapy in the neo-adjuvant and adjuvant treatment of colorectal cancerand other solid tumors including breast,head and neck and gastric *** present a narrow therapeutic inde. with 10 to 26% of patients experiencing acute severe or life-threatening *** the high number of patients receiving FP-based therapies,and the significant effects of toxicities on their quality of life,the prevention of FP-related adverse events is of major clinical *** genetic variants in the rate limiting enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase(DPYD)gene are related to the occurrence of extremely severe,early onset toxicity in FP treated *** pre-treatment diagnostic test of 4 DPYD genetic polymorphisms is suggested by the currently available pharmacogenetic *** prospective implementation projects are ongoing to support the introduction of up-front genotyping of the patients in clinical *** pharmacogenetic studies tried to assess the predictive role of other polymorphisms in genes involved in the FP pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamic pathways,TYMS and MTHFR,but no additional clinically validated genetic markers of toxicity are available to *** development of next-generation sequencing platforms opens new possibilities to highlight previously unreported genetic ***,the investigation of the genetic variation in the patients immunological system,a pivotal target in cancer treatment,could bring notable advances in the *** review will describe the most recent literature on the use of pharmacogenetics to increase the safety of a treatment based on FP administration in colorectal cancer patients.

关键词： Fluoropyrimidines pharmacogenetics colorectal cancer toxicity DPYD TYMS MTHFR

Screening of Protease Inhibitory Activity in Aqueous Extracts of Marine Invertebrates from Cuban Coast

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2016年第4期7卷 319-331页

作者： Lidice González Rafael E. Sánchez Laritza Rojas Isel Pascual rossana garcía-fe.nánde. María A. Chávez Christian Betzel Centro de Estudio de Proteínas Facultad de Biología Universidad de La Habana La Habana Cuba Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department of Chemistry University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany

Protease inhibitors have been isolated from many variable sources;however, the need to identify and characterize new molecules has increased with the discovery of new therapeutic targets and the lack of specificity of already identified compounds with inhibitory activity. The goal of this work was to search for inhibitory activity against four proteolytic enzymes already recognized as therapeutic targets: human neutrophil elastase, dipeptidyl peptidase IV, subtilisin from Bacillus licheniformis and cathepsin K in selected marine invertebrates from the Caribbean Sea. A systematic screening was carried out with selected aqueous extracts belonging to 20 species from seven different phyla: Annelida, Bryozoa, Chordata, Cnidaria, Equinodermata, Mollusca and Porifera, all collected at the coast of Havana (Cuba). All extracts showing initial inhibitory activity were characterized in terms of IC50 values and specific inhibitory activity (SIA). Model enzymes were used in the case of human neutrophil elastase (porcine pancreatic elastase) and cathepsin K (papain) for the screening and all positive results were confirmed by testing toward the therapeutic targets. Ten extracts were identified showing inhibitory activity against human neutrophil elastase, for which the most promising values were obtained for nerita peloronta. Only one extract, Bunodosoma granulifera, showed inhibitory activity against dipeptidyl peptidase IV with rather poor values of IC50 and SIA. Seven extracts showed inhibitory activity against B. licheniformis subtilisin with very good IC50 and SIA values for Lissodendorix isodyctialis, Cenchritis muricatus, and n. peloronta. Finally, eight extracts were positive for cathepsin K with almost similar parameters values among them. All these results confirmed the richness and potential of the marine invertebrate’s fauna and indicated new promising sources for the identification of natural compounds with potential application in th

关键词： Target Proteases Marine Organisms Protease Inhibitors Screening

Medical treatment for gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第4期8卷 389-401页

作者： rossana Berardi Francesca Morgese Mariangela Torniai Agnese Savini Stefano Partelli Silvia Rinaldi Miriam Caramanti Consuelo ferrini Massimo Falconi Stefano Cascinu Department of Medical Oncology Università Politecnica delle Marche Chirurgia del Pancreas Ospedale San Raffaele IRCCS Università Vita e Salute

Gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms(GEPnEns) represents a various family of rare tumours. Surgery is the first choice in GEP-nEns patients with localized disease whilst in the metastatic setting many other treatment options are available. Somatostatin analogues are indicated for symptoms control in functioning tumours. Furthermore they may be effective to inhibit tumour progression. GEP-nEns pathogenesis has been extensively studied in the last years therefore several driver mutations pathway genes have been identified as crucial factors in their tumourigenesis. GEP-nEns can over-express vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), basic-fibroblastic growth factor, transforming growth factor(TGF-α and-β), platelet derived growth factor(PDGF), insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) and their receptors PDGF receptor, IGF-1 receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor, VEGF receptor, and c-kit(stem cell factor receptor) that can be considered as potential targets. The availability of new targeted agents, such as everolimus and sunitinib that are effective in advanced and metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours, has provided new treatment opportunities. Many trials combing new drugs are ongoing.

关键词： neuroendocrine neoplasms of the gastro-entero-pancreatic system Chemotherapy Targeted agents Somatostatin analogues Everolimus Sunitinib