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Review:Botnet detection techniques: review, future trends, and issue

Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2014年第11期15卷 943-983页

作者： Ahmad KARIM rosli Bin SALLEH Muhammad SHIRAZ Syed Adeel Ali SHAH Irfan AWAN Nor Badrul ANUAR Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Computer Science University of Bradford Bradford BD7 1DP UK

In recent years, the Internet has enabled access to widespread remote services in the distributed computing environment; however, integrity of data transmission in the distributed computing platform is hindered by a number of security issues. For instance, the botnet phenomenon is a prominent threat to Internet security, including the threat of malicious codes. The botnet phenomenon supports a wide range of criminal activities, including distributed denial of service(DDoS) attacks, click fraud, phishing, malware distribution, spam emails, and building machines for illegitimate exchange of information/materials. Therefore, it is imperative to design and develop a robust mechanism for improving the botnet detection, analysis, and removal process. Currently, botnet detection techniques have been reviewed in different ways; however, such studies are limited in scope and lack discussions on the latest botnet detection techniques. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the latest state-of-the-art techniques for botnet detection and figures out the trends of previous and current research. It provides a thematic taxonomy for the classification of botnet detection techniques and highlights the implications and critical aspects by qualitatively analyzing such techniques. Related to our comprehensive review, we highlight future directions for improving the schemes that broadly span the entire botnet detection research field and identify the persistent and prominent research challenges that remain open.

关键词： Botnet detection Anomaly detection Network security Attack Defense Taxonomy

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Genetic transformation of cry1A（b） gene into teak

Genetic transformation of cry1A（b） gene into teak

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The International Workshop on Research and Development of Tropical Biological Resources

作者： Norwati A Abdullah R. mohd.rosli H Norlia B. Forest Research Institute Malaysia （FRIM） Kepong 52109 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Plant Biotechnology Laboratory School of Bioscience and Biotechnology Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 UKM-Bangi Malaysia Forest Research Institute Malaysia （FRIM） Kepong 52109 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Forest Research Institute Malaysia （FRIM） Kepong 52109 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

＜正＞ Teak （Tectona grandis） provides one of the most highly sought after timber in the world and is a widely recommended species for reforestation. As such teak is widely planted in Malaysia. Though no serious outbreaks have been recorded for teak in Malaysia, but insect attack remains the most important threat to the timber industry. Thus, in efforts to overcome the problem, an integrated pest management system needs to be developed. Spraying of commercial Bt has been a common practice in addressing minor outbreaks. However, one of the main limitations of the spraying technique is poor coverage, especially on plant surfaces. Poor coverage, however, could be overcome by planting insect resistant trees. In addition, the approach of using genetic engineering in addressing the above problem proves to be possible with the advancement made in genetic transformation of trees especially in the last decade. This, together with improved knowledge on gene function following improved DNA recombinant techniques promises the major advancement in pest management of forest species. This report demonstrates the possibility of transferring foreign gene into teak cells. In this study, nodal segments of teak were subjected to particle bombardment. Nodal segments bombarded with gold particles coated with plasmid DNA carrying hygromycin phosphotransferase （hpt）, β-glucuronidase （gus） and cry1A（b） genes were then transferred onto medium for shoot development. The shoots were than transferred onto the same medium supplemented with 10mg/L hygromycin for selection. Selection was repeated several times with six-week subculture intervals on the same Hm-containing media. The presence of the transgenes in the Hmr plants was confirmed using PCR.

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Investigation of Excessive Material on Insulating Properties Using Different Heat Transfer Fluid for Thermal Energy Storage Development

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2014年第10期8卷 1673-1679页

作者： Tanti Zanariah Shamshir Ali rosli Abu Bakar Gan Leong Ming Billy Anak Sup mohd Farid Zainudin Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University Malaysia Pahang Pahang 26600 Malaysia

Though TES （thermal energy storage） is developed hugely in most of the solar power generation plants, it is less growth in implementing a modular type of TES in a solar plant, e.g., solar dish/stifling engine application. The main issue in designing the TES system is its thermal capacity of storage materials, e.g., insulator. This study is focusing on the potential waste material as an insulator for thermal energy storage applications. The insulator usage is to reduce the heat transfer between two mediums and the capability is measured by its resistance to heat flow. It is needed to obtain optimal materials to energy conversion at the same time reduce the waste generation. Therefore, a small-scale experimental testing of natural cooling process of an insulated tank within a confined room without any forced cooling system, e.g., fan. The testing is repeated by changing the insulator using the potential waste material from natural and industrial waste and also by changing the HTF （heat transfer fluid）. The analysis is performed on the relationship between heat loss and the reserved period by the insulator. The results indicate the percentage of period of the insulated tank withstands the heat compared to non-insulated tank, e.g., cotton reserved the period of 14% more than non-insulated tank to withstand the heat transfer of cooking oil to the surrounding. The paper finally justifies the most potential waste material as an insulator in different heat transfer fluids.

关键词： Energy storage waste material insulator.

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Enabling Reachability Across Multiple Domains Without Controller Synchronization in SDN

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第10期69卷 945-965页

作者： Nauman Khan rosli Bin Salleh Ihsan Ali Zahid Khan Noman Mazhar Roobaea Alroobaea Fahad Almansour Usman Ali Department of Computer System and Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyUniversity of MalayaMalaysia Department of Computer Science and IT University of MalakandPakistan Robotics and Internet-of-Things Lab Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Sciences and Arts RassQassim UniversityBuraydah51452Saudi Arabia

Software-defined networking(SDN)makes network agile and flexible due to its programmable *** extensive network has multiple domains in SDN for the scalability and performance of the ***,the inter-domain link is also crucial for the stability of the entire network on the data plane *** than one inter-domain connection enhances the scalability of the data plane ***,it faces a reachability problem with the principal root,which causes forwarding loops and packet drops in the network,thereby degrading network *** proposed solution is a multiple controller architecture;however,this approach increases the complexity and affects network ***,in this study,we propose a framework that avoids forwarding loops and packet drops without the synchronization of multiple-domain controllers in the network using an avoid loop with test packet ***,we collect the link status for improved routing and load balancing for the upcoming flow across inter-domain links to prevent congestion and increase throughput in real *** proposed methodology can significantly reduce the controller workload against multiple controller architecture,minimize flow setup latency,and improve throughput.

关键词： Multiple domain packet drop forwarding loop load balancing SDN multiple controller

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The SGN VIGS Tool： User-Friendly Software to Design Virus-Induced Gene Silencing （VIGS） Constructs for Functional Genomics

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Molecular Plant 2015年第3期8卷 486-488页

作者： Noe Femandez-Pozo Heman G. rosli Gregory B. Martin Lukas A. Mueller Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research Ithaca NY 14853 USA Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnolbgicas - Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (IIB-INTECH) UNSAM-CONICET Chascomús B71301WA Buenos Aires Argentina Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology School of Integrative Plant Science Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA

Dear Editor,Virus-induced gene silencing （VIGS） is a fast and powerful method to study gene function in plants （Burch-Smith et al., 2004）. It is based on plant defense mechanisms against viral gene replication and allows high-throughput silencing of genes of inter- est （SenthiI-Kumar and Mysore, 2014）. The molecular mechanisms involved in post-transcriptional gene silencing （PTGS） have been studied intensively, and its steps are well known. The silencing pro- cess begins with the recognition through Dicer-like ribonucleases （DCL） of double-stranded RNA （dsRNA） that is generated during viral replication. Upon recognition, the dsRNA is processed into 21-24 nucleotide fragments, termed small interfering RNA （siRNA）. Based on sequence homology, both viral siRNA and plant mRNA associate with an RNA-induced silencing complex （RISC） and are targeted for degradation （Llave, 2010）.

关键词： TOBACCO RATTLE VIRUS NICOTIANA-BENTHAMIANA PLANTS

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Analysis of the energy spectra of ground states of deformed nuclei in the rare-earth region

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Chinese Physics C 2015年第4期39卷 37-40页

作者： A.A.Okhunov G.I.Turaeva H.A.Kassim M.U.Khandaker Noora B.rosli Department of Science in Engineering International Islamic University Malaya Institute of Nuclear Physics Academy of Science Republic of Uzbekistan Department of Physics University of Malaya

The 62Sm, 64Gd, 66Dy, 70Yb, 72Hf and 74W nuclei are classified as deformed nuclei. Low-lying bands are one of the most fundamental excitation modes in the energy spectra of deformed nuclei. In this paper a theoretical analysis of the experimental data within the phenomenological model is presented. The energy spectra of ground states are calculated. It is found that the low-lying spectra of ground band states are in good agreement with the experimental data.

关键词： ground state energy spectra rare-earth deformed nuclei

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Effect of addition of inulin and fenugreek on the survival of microencapsulated Enterococcus durans 39C in alginate-psyllium polymeric blends in simulated digestive system and yogurt

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2015年第4期10卷 350-361页

作者： Babak Haghshenas Yousef Nami Minoo Haghshenas Abolfazl Barzegari Simin Sharifi Dayang Radiah Rozita rosli Norhafizah Abdullah Institute of Biosciences University Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIslamic Republic of Iran Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Molecular Medicine and Therapy LabResearch Center for Pharmaceutical NanotechnologyTabrizIslamic Republic of Iran Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringUniversity Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia

The use of biopolymers for probiotic microencapsulation has been investigated in this *** objectives are to enhance its survival rate,colonic release,and stability of these probiotic cultures in digestive condition during storage *** types of biopolymers(alginate-psyllium)blend with different concentration of prebiotic;(inulin or fenugreek)were used as candidate for microencapsulation *** strain of probiotic candidates,namely;Enterococcus durans 39C was used in this *** microencapsulation of this strain with the respective polymer blend was performed by using a simple extrusion *** blend of formulations have recorded high encapsulation efficiency at value>98%.The survival rate of viable probiotic cells under simulated digestive conditions was also high with value above 47%as compared to non-microencapsulated *** nine gel formulations also displayed the high survival rate of viable probiotic cells during storage time(28 d).Their release occurred after 2 h in colonic condition and sustained until 12th h of incubation *** increase of prebiotic effect value added was observed in incorporated inulin and fenugreek *** short,this study revealed that a new herbal-based psyllium and fenugreek polymers have suitable potential as a matrix for probiotic microencapsulation.

关键词： Microencapsulation Psyllium Fenugreek Probiotic Enterococcus durans 39C

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Archaeological Structure Detection Using 3D GPR Survey in Jeniang,Kedah,Malaysia

Archaeological Structure Detection Using 3D GPR Survey in Je...

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2012 International Conference on Geological and Environmental Sciences

作者： Norhidayahti mohd.Muztaza M.Mokhtar Saidin I.N.Azwin rosli Saad Centre for Global Archeological Research Malaysia 11800 Universiti Sains Malaysia Geophysics Section School of Physics11800 Universiti Sains Malaysia

As a non-destructive method,geophysical techniques are very useful in archeology especially in detecting and mapping buried *** features could be acquired from different methods in geophysics depending on research *** its benefits to archaeology,the information from the geophysics data gives an advantage for archaeologist to plan for archeological research framework especially in optimizing the excavation *** penetrating radar （GPR） is one of the geophysical methods that utilizes electromagnetic waves to record relative position and shape of archaeological features in *** method was applied in detecting buried archaeological structure in Kampung Sungai Perahu Jeniang,*** with 3D interpretation managed to locate buried objects in KSP 1 study area at Jeniang,Kedah.

关键词： Site KSP 1 Jeniang 3D GPR survey archaeological structure

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Tropical Clayey Sand Soil's Behaviour Analysis and Its Empirical Correlations via Geophysics Electrical Resistivity Method and Engineering Soil Characterizations

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International Journal of Geosciences 2012年第1期3卷 111-116页

作者： Andy Anderson Bery rosli Saad Geophysics Section School of Physics Universiti Sains Malaysia Penang Malaysia

Soil is a heterogeneous medium which consist of liquid, solid, and gaseous phases. The solid and liquid phases play an essential role in soil spontaneous electrical phenomena and in behaviour of electrical fields, artificially created in soil. Soil electrical properties are the parameters of natural and artificially created electrical fields in soils and influenced by distribution of mobile electrical charges, mostly inorganic ions, in soils. Geophysical method of electrical resistivity was used for measuring soil electrical properties and tested in different soil studies. Laboratory tests were performed for the numbers of clayey sandy soil samples taken from Batu Uban area. The empirical correlations between electrical parameter, percentage of liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index, moisture content and effective soil cohesion were obtained via curvilinear models. The ranges of the soil samples are changed between 229 Ωm to 927 Ωm for resistivity (ρ), 6.01 kN/m2 to 14.27 kN/m2 for effective soil cohesion (C'), 35.08 kN/m2 to 51.47 kN/m2 for internal fiction angle (?'), 38% to 88% for moisture content (W), 33% to 78% for liquid limit (WL), 21% to 43% for plastic limit (Wp) and 11% to 35% for plasticity index (PI). These empirical correlations model developed in this study provides a very useful tool to relate electrical resistivity with effective cohesion, internal friction angle (strength), void ratio, porosity, degree of saturation, moisture content, liquid limit, plastic limit and plasticity index in context of medium-grained of clayey sandy soil that is, its fluid behaviours.

关键词： Empirical Correlations Regression Coefficient Resistivity Moisture Content Fluid Behaviours

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Verification of Depth Adjustment Factor in Eurocode 5 for Tropical Hardwood Timbers

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2023年第9期11卷 3533-3546页

作者： Adnie Baharin Muhammad Amirul Akmal rosli Norshariza Mohamad Bhkari Lum Wei Chen Anis Azmi Muhammad Shaiful Nordin Zakiah Ahmad School of Civil Engineering College of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MARA MalaysiaShah AlamSelangor40450Malaysia Institute for Infrastructure Engineering and Sustainable Management(IIESM) Universiti Teknologi MARA MalaysiaShah AlamSelangor40450Malaysia Malaysian Timber Industry Board(MTIB) CherasKuala Lumpur56100Malaysia

The depth adjustment factor for bending strength stated in Eurocode 5(EC5)is only applicable to timbers having a characteristic density below 700 kg/m^(3).However,most Malaysian timbers are hardwood,some with a characteristic density reaching above 700 kg/m^(3).Therefore,the objective of this study was to examine whether the depth adjustment factor stipulated in EC5 is valid for Malaysian hardwood *** timber species were selected for this study,namely Kapur(Dryobalanops ***.),Kempas(Koompassia Maingay ex Benth.),Keruing(Dipterocarpus ***.),Light red meranti(Shorea *** ***.),Geronggang(Cratoxylum Blume)and Balau(Shorea *** ***.).The determination of bending strength and characteristic density was conducted according to BS EN 408:2010 and BS EN 384:2016,respectively.A graph for mean bending strength vs.(150/h)was plotted for each timber *** power function was selected to analyze the relationship between the two *** power of the regression equations varied depending on the characteristic density of the timber *** species with a characteristic density below 700 kg/m^(3),such as Kapur,Keruing,and Light red meranti,the power was between 0.16 to *** contrast,for species having a characteristic density above 700 kg/m^(3),namely Kempas and Balau,the power was higher at 0.23 and 0.24,*** was an exception to this *** values are close to the depth adjustment factor given in EC5,which is *** on the results,it can be suggested that the adjustment factor of 0.2 is also applicable to Malaysian hardwood timbers with a characteristic density above 700 kg/m^(3).

关键词： Depth adjustment factor Malaysian hardwood timber bending strength Eurocode 5

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