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Non-Conventional MRI Techniques as an Alternative Role to the Clinical Diagnosis in Alzheimer’s Disease

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Health 2014年第19期6卷 2712-2723页

作者： Elisabetta Giugni Rita Vadalà Francesca romana Pezzella Giuseppe Bomboi Stefano Galletti Giacomo Luccichenti Carmela Colica Orietta Picconi Stefano Bastianello European Biomedical Foundation Onlus Rome Italy IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation Rome Italy Stroke Unit AOS Camillo-Forlanini Hospital Rome Italy Neurology Unit—II Faculty of Medicine—“Sapienza” University of Rome Rome Italy CNR—ISN—UOS Pharmacology Roccelletta di Borgia Catanzaro Italy Opera S.r.l. Genova Italy Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences University of Pavia Pavia Italy

Improved methods for early diagnosis and non-invasive surrogates for the diagnosis of disease severity in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are becoming the new challenge. Dementia can now be accurately determined through clinical evaluation, cognitive screening, basic laboratory evaluation and structural imaging. Magnetic resonance (MRI) techniques are being evaluated as possible surrogate measures to monitor disease progression. The purpose of this work is to correlate the results of combined advanced MR techniques with neuropsychological performance in order to identify a sensible and sensitive imaging approach to quantify neurodegenerative disease progression. One of the most relevant evidences in our study is the degeneration of the fibers of the corpus callosum in the pathogenesis of cognitive disorders in AD patients, as demonstrated by the relationship between altered neuropsychological tests and reduced FA (Fractional Anisotrophy) values of the corpus callosum in such patients. This data is also integrated by the evidence of anatomic reduction of the total volume of the corpus callosum assessed by FreeSurfer, thus supporting the hypothesis that the “brain disconnects” play a key role in the pathogenesis of AD. Statistical evaluation of regression consisting in the identification of different numerical coefficients that are multiplied by the thickness of the right fusiform value or by the volume of left inferoparietal region and left middle-temporal region, allows us to obtain the predictive numeric value of the related neuropsychological test. Combination of non-conventional magnetic resonance imaging, including morphometry, spectroscopy, MD (mean diffusivity) and FA evaluation, could be an alternative to clinic in the evaluation of neurodegeneration in AD.

关键词： Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) Non Conventional MRI Technique MRI Reproducible Marker

Involvement of the Nerve Fibers in the Human Skin Neurofibromatosis

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Journal of Life Sciences 2015年第1期9卷 32-39页

作者： Tammaro Antonella Cavallotti Claudia Parisella Francesca romana Giulianelli Veronica Gabriella De Marco Elena Pacella Femanda Pacella Persechino Severino Cavallotti Carlo Department of Dermatology Sapienza University Rome 00189 Italy Department of Histopathology San Gallicano Hospital Rome 00153 Italy Premedical School of Medicine University of Towson Maryland 21252-0001 USA Department of ophthalmology Policlinico Umberto 1 Sapienza University Rome 0016 Italy Department of Human Anatomy Sapienza University Rome 00161 Italy

Neurofibromatosis type 2 is a well known disease of the human skin. Its microscopic and ultramicroscopic features are also well defined. Aim： The aim of this work was to study the involvement of catecholaminergic nerve fibers in the human skin neurofibromatosis. Bioptic fragments of the human skin have been harvested from healthy and diseased subjects. On these specimens the following analysis were performed： 1） light microscopic observation after colouring with hematoxyline-Eosine. 2） lmmunochemical staining for Protein Gene Product 9.5.3） Fluorescent staining for catecholaminergic nerve fibers. 4） Quantitative analysis of images by means of the Quantimet analyzer Leica. 5） Statistical analysis of the quantitative morphological data comparing the healthy with diseased subjects. Comparing the light microscopy images in normal and pathological subjects the authors can affirm that the skin neurofibromatosis induces a strong decrease of the nerve fibers cutted in small pieces and destroyed. Also the catecholaminergic nerve fibers are strongly reduced and destroyed. Quantitative analysis of images and statistical analysis of the morphological data confirm that neurofibromatosis induces strong changes of the skin nerve fibers. The authors＇ results confirm that the neurofibromatosis type 2 induces an almost total destruction of the skin nerve fibers.

关键词： Neurofibromatosis humans skin nerve fibers cathecolaminergic fibers.

Ischemic preconditioning inhibits development of edematous cerulein-induced pancreatitis: Involvement of cyclooxygenases and heat shock protein 70

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第38期11卷 5958-5965页

作者： Zygmunt Warzecha Artur Dembinski Piotr Ceranowicz Stanislaw J Konturek Marcin Dembinski Wieslaw W Pawlik romana Tomaszewska Jerzy Stachura Beata Kusnierz-Cabala Jerzy W Naskalski Peter C Konturek Department of Physiology Department of Pathology Department of Clinical Biochemistry Department of Internal Medicine Ⅰ

AIM： To determine whether ischemic preconditioning （IP） affects the development of edematous cerulein-induced pancreatitis and to assess the role of cyclooxygenase-1 （COX-l）, COX-2, and heat shock protein 70 （HSP 70） in this process. METHODS： In male Wistar rats, IP was performed by damping of celiac artery （twice for 5 min at 5-min intervals）. Thirty minutes after IP or sham operation, acute pancreatitis was induced by cerulein. Activity of COX-1 or COX-2 was inhibited by resverabol or rofecoxib, respectively （10 rng/kg）. RESULTS： IP significantly reduced pancreatic damage in cerulein-induced pancreatitis as demonstrated by the improvement of pancreas histology, reduction in serum lipase and poly-C ribonuclease activity, and serum concentration of pro-inflammatory interleukin （IL）-1β. Also, IP attenuated the pancreatitis-evoked fall in pancreatic blood flow and pancreatic DNA synthesis. Serum level of anti-inflammatory IL-10 was not affected by IP. Cerulein-induced pancreatitis and IP increased the content of HSP 70 in the pancreas. Maximal increase in HSP 70 was observed when IP was combined with cerulein-induced pancreatitis. Inhibition of COXs, especially COX-2, reduced the protective effect of IP in edematous pancreatitis. CONCLUSION： Our results indicate that IP reducespancreatic damage in cerulein-induced pancreatitis and this effect, at least in part, depends on the activity of COXs and pancreatic production of HSP 70.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Ischemic preconditioning Cyclooxygenase-2 Interleukin-1β Heat shock protein-70

碳水化合物酶对家禽生长性能和肠道健康的影响(续1)

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国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2024年第3期44卷 115-119页

作者：王晶晶(译) 王丽萍(译) 夏俊花(审) Ahmad Raza Saira Bashir romana Tabassum 不详

家禽可提供优质的蛋白质和微量营养物质。在家禽生产中,饲料是主要的投入品,其成本占总生产成本的70%~75%。家禽的饲料主要由谷物组成,能为家禽提供所需的能量。然而,这些谷物含有不同水平的抗营养因子,如非淀粉多糖。由于家禽自身缺乏... 详细信息

家禽可提供优质的蛋白质和微量营养物质。在家禽生产中,饲料是主要的投入品,其成本占总生产成本的70%~75%。家禽的饲料主要由谷物组成,能为家禽提供所需的能量。然而,这些谷物含有不同水平的抗营养因子,如非淀粉多糖。由于家禽自身缺乏重要的内源性酶(碳水化合物酶),无法消化这些非淀粉多糖,从而会增加肠道食糜的黏度,影响营养物质的运输和吸收。这些非淀粉多糖还通过引起肠道微生物群对可消化营养物质的竞争增加家禽感染有害微生物的机会。这不仅会影响家禽的健康,还会增加生产成本。因此,找到效率高和起作用的解决方法极为重要。在非淀粉多糖含量高的日粮中添加碳水化合物酶是解决方案之一,对家禽生产具有重要的影响。多年来,饲用酶一直被用于提高动物消化率和生产性能,但对某些饲料原料的活性有限。新一代碳水化合物酶具有广泛的活性和稳定性,有助于降解日粮中复杂的底物,提高家禽的生产性能。本综述总结了使用碳水化合物酶改善家禽生产性能和肠道健康的最新研究成果。

关键词：营养学兽医学生理学微生物学结构生物学生物技术

碳水化合物酶对家禽生长性能和肠道健康的影响

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国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2024年第2期44卷 110-112页

作者：王晶晶(译) 王丽萍(译) 夏俊花(审) Ahmad Raza Saira Bashir romana Tabassum 不详

家禽可提供优质的蛋白质和微量营养物质。在家禽生产中,饲料是主要的投入品,其成本占总生产成本的70%~75%。家禽的饲料主要由谷物组成,能为家禽提供所需的能量。然而,这些谷物含有不同水平的抗营养因子,如非淀粉多糖。由于家禽自身缺乏重要的内源性酶(碳水化合物酶),无法消化这些非淀粉多糖,从而会增加肠道食糜的黏度,影响营养物质的运输和吸收。这些非淀粉多糖还可通过引起肠道微生物群对可消化营养物质的竞争增加家禽感染有害微生物的机会。这不仅会影响家禽的健康,还会增加生产成本。因此,找到效率高和起作用的解决方法极为重要。在非淀粉多糖含量高的日粮中添加碳水化合物酶是解决方案之一,对家禽生产具有重要的作用。多年来,饲用酶一直被用于提高动物消化率和生产性能,但对某些饲料原料的活性有限。新一代碳水化合物酶具有广泛的活性和稳定性,有助于降解日粮中复杂的底物,提高家禽的生产性能。本综述总结了使用碳水化合物酶改善家禽生产性能和肠道健康的最新研究成果。

关键词：营养学兽医学生理学微生物学结构生物学生物技术

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植入前基因诊断(PGD):来自巴黎的报道(法)

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2006年第10期2卷 49-50页

作者： Feyereisen E. romana S. Kerbrat V. N. Frydman 吕涛 Service de Biologie et Génétique de la Reproduction Hpital Antoine-Béclère 157 rue de la Porte-de-Trivaux 92141 Clamart Cedex

Objective. To report the results of preimplantation genetic diagnosis(PGD) cycles performed in our unit from 2000 to 2004. Materials and methods. One hundred and seventy-one couples were enrolled in the PGD program over this period. The collected oocytes were inseminated by intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI). The resulting embryos were biopsied on the third day of development and the genetic analysis was performed on the same day. Embryo transfers were carried out on the fourth day. Results. The 416 stimulation cycles started yielded 280 oocyte pick-ups, 3506 oocytes retrieved, of which 2966 were suitable for ICSI. Among the 1982 embryos obtained, 1337 embryos were biopsied and genetic diagnosis was performed for 1083(81%) of them. 381 embryos were transferred during the course of 189 transfer procedures. There were 51 clinical and 46 ongoing(35 single, 11 twin) pregnancies. In addition, 25 frozen embryo replacement cycles were initiated, leading to 6 embryo transfers and 1 ongoing pregnancy. A total of 58 unaffected children were born. Conclusion. PGD has gained a place among the choices offered to couples at risk of transmission of a serious and incurable genetic disease. It might be a realistic alternative to prenatal diagnosis for patients carrier of chromosomal rearrangements, single gene defects, X-linked disesases or mitochondrial DNA disorders.

关键词：植入前 PGD 基因诊断产前诊断基因分析临床妊娠取卵周期结果染色体病显微注射

Reverse time-dependent effect of alphafetoprotein and disease control on survival of patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第36期9卷 1322-1331页

作者： Francesca romana Ponziani Irene Spinelli Emanuele Rinninella Lucia Cerrito Antonio Saviano Alfonso Wolfango Avolio Michele Basso Luca Miele Laura Riccardi Maria Assunta Zocco Brigida Eleonora Annicchiarico Matteo Garcovich Marco Biolato Giuseppe Marrone Anna Maria De Gaetano Roberto Iezzi Felice Giuliante Fabio Maria Vecchio Salvatore Agnes Giovanni Addolorato Massimo Siciliano Gian Lodovico Rapaccini Antonio Grieco Antonio Gasbarrini Maurizio Pompili Department of Internal Medicine Gastroenterology and Hepatology Agostino Gemelli Hospital Department of Liver Transplant Surgery Agostino Gemelli Hospital Department of Oncology Gastroenterology and Hepatology Agostino Gemelli Hospital Department of Bioimaging and Radiological Sciences Agostino Gemelli Hospital Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Agostino Gemelli Hospital Department of Pathology Agostino Gemelli Hospital

AIM To characterize the survival of cirrhotic patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC) stage C hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and to ascertain the factors predicting the achievement of disease control(DC).METHODS The cirrhotic patients with BCLC stage C HCC evaluated by the Hepatocatt multidisciplinary group were subjected to the investigation. Demographic, clinical and tumor features, along with the best tumor response and overall survival were recorded. RESULTS One hundred and ten BCLC stage C patients were included in the analysis; the median overall survival was 13.4 mo(95%CI: 10.6-17.0). Only alphafetoprotein(AFP) serum level > 200 ng/m L and DC could independently predict survival but in a time dependent manner, the former was significantly associated with increased risk of mortality within the first 6 mo of follow-up(HR = 5.073, 95%CI: 2.159-11.916, P = 0.0002), whereas the latter showed a protective effect against death after one year(HR = 0.110, 95%CI: 0.038-0.314, P < 0.0001). Only patients showing microvascular invasion and/or extrahepatic spread recorded lower chances of achieving DC(OR = 0.263, 95%CI: 0.111-0.622, P = 0.002).CONCLUSION The BCLC stage C HCC includes a wide heterogeneous group of cirrhotic patients suitable for potentially curative treatments. The reverse and time dependent effect of AFP serum level and DC on patients' survival confers them as useful predictive tools for treatment management and clinical decisions.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Cirrhosis Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C Alphafetoprotein Disease control Performance status Survival

碳水化合物酶的最新研究进展——对家禽生长性能和肠道健康的影响

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国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2020年第6期40卷 56-56,57,58,59页

作者：王晶晶(译) 唐彩琰(审) 罗静如(制图) Ahmad Raza Saira Bashir romana Tabassum 不详

家禽可给人类提供高质量的蛋白质和微量营养物质,如肉和蛋。在家禽生产中,饲料是一项主要投资,占总生产成本的70%~75%。饲料主要由谷物组成,这些谷物可向家禽提供能量。然而,这些谷物含有不同水平的抗营养因子,如非淀粉多糖(Non-starch ... 详细信息

家禽可给人类提供高质量的蛋白质和微量营养物质,如肉和蛋。在家禽生产中,饲料是一项主要投资,占总生产成本的70%~75%。饲料主要由谷物组成,这些谷物可向家禽提供能量。然而,这些谷物含有不同水平的抗营养因子,如非淀粉多糖(Non-starch Polysaccharides,NSP)。由于家禽缺乏可水解NSP的重要的内源性酶(碳水化合物酶),因而不能消化NSP,这会提高肠道食糜的黏度,降低营养物质的迁移和吸收的速度。NSP还能诱导肠道菌群竞争可消化营养物质,从而增加家禽感染的机会。这会影响家禽的健康,提高生产成本。因此,家禽生产者需要找到能够解决这些问题的方案。在NSP含量高的家禽日粮中添加碳水化合物酶会产生重要的有益作用。多年来,家禽生产者一直在利用饲用酶来提高家禽的生长性能和消化率,但这些酶对所选饲料原料的影响有限。新一代碳水化合物酶具有较高的活性和稳定性,有助于降解复杂的底物,提高家禽的生长性能。本文综述了使用碳水化合物酶改善家禽生产性能和肠道健康的最新研究进展。

关键词：营养兽医学生理学微生物学结构生物学生物技术

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国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2020年第7期40卷 53-57页

作者：王晶晶(译) 唐彩琰(审) 罗静如(制图表) Ahmad Raza Saira Bashir romana Tabassum 不详

由于家禽缺乏可水解非淀粉多糖(Non-starch Polysaccharides,NSP)的重要的内源性酶(碳水化合物酶),不能消化NSP,因此日粮中的NSP会通过影响家禽的肠道进而影响家禽的健康,导致鸡场经济效率下降。新一代碳水化合物酶具有较高的活性和稳定... 详细信息

由于家禽缺乏可水解非淀粉多糖(Non-starch Polysaccharides,NSP)的重要的内源性酶(碳水化合物酶),不能消化NSP,因此日粮中的NSP会通过影响家禽的肠道进而影响家禽的健康,导致鸡场经济效率下降。新一代碳水化合物酶具有较高的活性和稳定性,有助于降解复杂的底物,提高家禽的生长性能。本文综述了使用碳水化合物酶改善家禽生产性能和肠道健康的最新研究进展。

关键词：饲用酶木聚糖酶纤维酶碳水化合物酶