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Diverse Asgard archaea including the novel phylum Gerdarchaeota participate in organic matter degradation

Science China(Life Sciences) 2020年第6期63卷 886-897页

作者： Mingwei Cai Yang Liu Xiuran Yin Zhichao Zhou Michael WFriedrich Tim Richter Heitmann rolf nimzyk Ajinkya Kulkarni Xiaowen Wang Wenjin Li Jie Pan Yuchun Yang Ji-Dong Gu Meng Li Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering Institute for Advanced StudyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province College of Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Microbial Ecophysiology Group Faculty of Biology/ChemistryUniversity of BremenBremen D-28359Germany MARUM Center for Marine Environmental SciencesUniversity of BremenBremen D-28359Germany Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Toxicology School of Biological SciencesThe University of Hong KongHong Kong 99077 China Department of Microbe-Plant Interactions Faculty of Biology/ChemistryUniversity of BremenBremen D-28359Giermany

Asgard is an archaeal superphylum that might hold the key to understand the origin of eukaryotes, but its diversity and ecological roles remain poorly understood. Here, we reconstructed 15 metagenomic-assembled genomes from coastal sediments covering most known Asgard archaea and a novel group, which is proposed as a new Asgard phylum named as the "Gerdarchaeota".Genomic analyses predict that Gerdarchaeota are facultative anaerobes in utilizing both organic and inorganic carbon. Unlike their closest relatives Heimdallarchaeota, Gerdarchaeota have genes encoding for cellulase and enzymes involved in the tetrahydromethanopterin-based Wood–Ljungdahl pathway. Transcriptomics showed that most of our identified Asgard archaea are capable of degrading organic matter, including peptides, amino acids and fatty acids, occupying ecological niches in different depths of layers of the sediments. Overall, this study broadens the diversity of the mysterious Asgard archaea and provides evidence for their ecological roles in coastal sediments.

关键词： Asgard archaea Gerdarchaeota coastal sediment metagenome metatranscriptome

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