Diverse Asgard archaea including the novel phylum Gerdarchaeota participate in organic matter degradation

作     者：Mingwei Cai Yang Liu Xiuran Yin Zhichao Zhou Michael WFriedrich Tim Richter Heitmann Rolf Nimzyk Ajinkya Kulkarni Xiaowen Wang Wenjin Li Jie Pan Yuchun Yang Ji-Dong Gu Meng Li Mingwei Cai;Yang Liu;Xiuran Yin;Zhichao Zhou;Michael W.Friedrich;Tim Richter-Heitmann;Rolf Nimzyk;Ajinkya Kulkarni;Xiaowen Wang;Wenjin Li;Jie Pan;Yuchun Yang;Ji-Dong Gu;Meng Li

作者机构：Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome EngineeringInstitute for Advanced StudyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong ProvinceCollege of Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Microbial Ecophysiology GroupFaculty of Biology/ChemistryUniversity of BremenBremen D-28359Germany MARUMCenter for Marine Environmental SciencesUniversity of BremenBremen D-28359Germany Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and ToxicologySchool of Biological SciencesThe University of Hong KongHong Kong 99077 China Department of Microbe-Plant InteractionsFaculty of Biology/ChemistryUniversity of BremenBremen D-28359Giermany 

出 版 物：《Science China(Life Sciences)》 (中国科学（生命科学英文版）)

年 卷 期：2020年第63卷第6期

页      面：886-897页

核心收录：

学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 0830[工学-环境科学与工程（可授工学、理学、农学学位）] 07[理学] 071007[理学-遗传学] 

基　　金：the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91851105, 31622002, 31970105, 31600093, and 31700430) the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (JCYJ20170818091727570 and KQTD20180412181334790) the Key Project of Department of Education of Guangdong Province (2017KZDXM071) the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2018M633111) the DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) Cluster of Excellence EXC 309 “The Ocean in the Earth System - MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences” (project ID 49926684) the University of Bremen 

主　　题：Asgard archaea Gerdarchaeota coastal sediment metagenome metatranscriptome 

摘      要：Asgard is an archaeal superphylum that might hold the key to understand the origin of eukaryotes, but its diversity and ecological roles remain poorly understood. Here, we reconstructed 15 metagenomic-assembled genomes from coastal sediments covering most known Asgard archaea and a novel group, which is proposed as a new Asgard phylum named as the Gerdarchaeota.Genomic analyses predict that Gerdarchaeota are facultative anaerobes in utilizing both organic and inorganic carbon. Unlike their closest relatives Heimdallarchaeota, Gerdarchaeota have genes encoding for cellulase and enzymes involved in the tetrahydromethanopterin-based Wood–Ljungdahl pathway. Transcriptomics showed that most of our identified Asgard archaea are capable of degrading organic matter, including peptides, amino acids and fatty acids, occupying ecological niches in different depths of layers of the sediments. Overall, this study broadens the diversity of the mysterious Asgard archaea and provides evidence for their ecological roles in coastal sediments.