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Electrochemically-stimulated nanoscale mechanochemical wear of silicon

摩擦:英文版 2023年第11期11卷 2142-2152页

作者： Chen XIAO Stefan VAN VLIET roland bliem Bart WEBER Steve FRANKLIN Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography(ARCNL) Amsterdam 1098XGthe Netherlands Van der Waals–Zeeman Institute Institute of PhysicsUniversity of Amsterdam(UvA)Amsterdam 1098XGthe Netherlands Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of SheffieldSheffield S13JDUK

Mechanochemical reactions at the sliding interface between a single-crystalline silicon(Si)wafer and a silica(SiO2)microsphere were studied in three environmental conditions:humid air,potassium chloride(KCl)solution,and KCl solution with an applied *** to that from humid air,mechanochemical material removal from the silicon surface increased substantially in the KCl-immersed condition,and further increased when electrochemistry was introduced into the tribological *** measuring the load dependence of the material removal rate and analyzing the results using a mechanically assisted Arrhenius-type kinetic model,the activation energy(E_(a))and the mechanical energy(E_(m)),by which this energy is reduced by mechanical activation,were compared qualitatively under different environmental *** the KCl-immersed condition,mechanochemistry may decrease the required effective energy of reactions(E_(eff)=E_(a)−E_(m))and promote material removal mainly through improved catalysis of the mechanochemical reactions facilitated by greater availability of water molecules compared to the humid air ***,the effectiveness of the mechanochemistry is *** the electrochemical condition,electrochemically-accelerated oxidation of the silicon surface was confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)*** results strongly suggest that electrochemistry further stimulates mechanochemical reactions primarily by increasing the initial energy state of the surface via the facilitated formation of interfacial bonding bridges,i.e.,a surface oxidation/hydroxylation process.

关键词： spherical contact adhesive wear normal loading power law

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The Chinese Reception of Western Marxism:From Wary Onlookers to Confident Participants on the World Stage

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2024年第1期17卷 1-22页

作者： roland Boer School of Philosophy Renmin University of China59 Zhongguancun StreetHaidian DistrictBeijing 100872China

This study presents an analytic overview of forty years of study of Western Marxism by Chinese *** into four main sections,it begins with an emphasis on the wider institutional context of this Chinese ***,I deal with the beginnings of research on Western Marxism in China and outline the two main periods of this research,which turn on the important educational reforms of *** next section focuses on the initial period of research on Western Marxism,from the early 1980s to the education reforms,which may be characterised in terms of the work of“wary onlookers”writing introductions and surveys of Western Marxist *** following section covers the last two decades after the 2005 education *** period is of most interest,so more attention is devoted to developments during this *** has been a time of increasingly confident participants on the world stage,who focus on core issues,realistic demands,and problem-based *** final section concerns assessments of the limitations of Western Marxism,which have been identified through the in-depth research of the second *** conclusion,while Western Marxism may be seen as a legitimate development of Marxism in a capitalist context,it is a tributary from the mainstream.

关键词： Western Marxism Chinese scholarship 2005 education reforms Wary onlookers Confident global participants Mainstream and tributary

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The role of the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme(AMAP)in reducing pollution of the Arctic and around the globe

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第1期17卷 48-58页

作者： Lars-Otto Reiersen Katrin Vorkamp roland Kallenborn Arctic Knowledge Ltd Former Executive SecretaryArctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme(AMAP)OsloNorway Department of Environmental Science Aarhus UniversityRoskildeDenmark International Joint Research Center for Arctic Environment and Ecosystem(IJRC-AEE) Polar Academy(PA)Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinPR China Faculty of Chemistry Biotechnology and Food ScienceNorwegian University of Life Sciences(NMBU)ÅsNorway University of the Arctic(UArctic) RovaniemiFinland

This article presents the initiation and implementation of a systematic scientific and political cooperation in the Arctic related to environmental pollution and climate change,with a special focus on the role of the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme(AMAP).The AMAP initiative has coordinated monitoring and assessments of environmental pollution across countries and parameters for the entire Arctic *** from a first scientific assessment in 1998,AMAP's work has been fundamental in recognizing,understanding and addressing environmental and human health issues in the Arctic,including those of persistent organic pollutants(POPs),mercury,radioactivity,oil,acidification and climate *** scientific results have contributed at local and international levels to define and take measures towards reducing the pollution not only in the Arctic,but of the whole globe,especially the contaminant exposure of indigenous and local communities with a traditional *** results related to climate change have documented the rapid changes in the Arctic and the strong feedback between the Arctic and the rest of the *** lessons learned from the work in the Arctic can be beneficial for other regions where contaminants may accumulate and affect local and indigenous peoples living in a traditional way,*** the *** cooperation is indispensable in reducing the longrange transported pollution in the Arctic.

关键词： Climate change Heavy metals Human health Indigenous peoples Persistent organic pollutants Radioactivity

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Curve Trajectory Model for Human Preferred Path Planning of Automated Vehicles

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Automotive Innovation 2024年第1期7卷 59-70页

作者： Gergo Ferenc Igneczi Erno Horvath roland Toth Krisztian Nyilas Vehicle Research Center Szechenyi Istvan UniversityEgyetem ter 1Gyor 9026Hungary Institute for Computer Science and Control Kende str.13-17.Budapest 1111Hungary Robert Bosch Kft Gyomroi str.104-120Budapest 1103Hungary

Automated driving systems are often used for lane keeping *** these systems,a local path is planned ahead of the ***,these paths are often found unnatural by human *** response to this,this paper proposes a linear driver model,which can calculate node points reflective of human driver preferences and based on these node points a human driver preferred motion path can be designed for autonomous *** model input is the road curvature,effectively harnessed through a self-developed Euler-curve-based curve fitting algorithm.A comprehensive case study is undertaken to empirically validate the efficacy of the proposed model,demonstrating its capacity to emulate the average behavioral pat-terns observed in human curve path *** analyses further underscore the model's robustness,affirming the authenticity of the established *** paradigm shift in trajectory planning holds promising implications for the seamless integration of autonomous driving systems with human driving preferences.

关键词： Naturalistic driving Identification Driver models Path planning

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Persistent organic pollutants and chemicals of emerging Arctic concern in the Arctic environment

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第2期18卷 1-3页

作者： Yi-Fan Li roland Kallenborn Zifeng Zhang International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances(IJRC-PTS) State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China International Joint Research Center for Arctic Environment and Ecosystem(IJRC-AEE) Polar AcademyHarbin Institute of Technology(PA-HIT)Harbin 150090China Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Polar Environment and Ecosystem(HPKL-PEE) Harbin 150090China IJRC-PTS-NA TorontoONM2J 3N8Canada Faculty of Chemistry Biotechnology and Food Sciences(KBM)Norwegian University of Life Sciences(NMBU)NOe1433 AsNorway

Environmental pollutants,such as persistent organic pollutants(POPs),enter the Arctic mainly via long-range transport(LRT)through atmospheric and ocean/river *** the other hand,chemicals of emerging Arctic concern(CEACs)are often introduced as local contaminants from industrial,municipal,or infrastructure-related *** of their origins,all these contaminants negatively impact the health of the environment and the indigenous ***,in recent decades,the Arctic has been experiencing unprecedented climate *** combination of Arctic environmental changes and the introduction of new anthropogenic contaminants as chemical aids for exploiting Arctic resources led to a severe imbalance in the Arctic ***,an international consortium of Arctic experts asked for internationally coordinated actions to mitigate the serious problems that environmental pollution causes on Arctic ecosystems and people,according to the Berlin statement[1].

关键词： Arctic statement pollution

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Transient receptor potential channels as predictive marker and potential indicator of chemoresistance in colon cancer

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Oncology Research 2024年第1期32卷 227-239页

作者： WEI HU THOMAS WARTMANN MARCO STRECKER ARISTOTELIS PERRAKIS roland CRONER ARPAD SZALLASI WENJIE SHI ULF D.KAHLERT The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University Nantong Rich HospitalNantongChina Molecular and Experimental Surgery Clinic for General-Visceral-Vascular and Transplant SurgeryFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital MagdeburgOtto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburgGermany Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary

Transient receptor potential(TRP)channels are strongly associated with colon cancer development and *** study leveraged a multivariate Cox regression model on publicly available datasets to construct a TRP channels-associated gene signature,with further validation of signature in real world samples from our hospital treated patient ***-Meier(K-M)survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were employed to evaluate this gene signature’s predictive accuracy and robustness in both training and testing cohorts,***,the study utilized the CIBERSORT algorithm and single-sample gene set enrichment analysis to explore the signature’s immune infiltration landscape and underlying functional *** support vector machine algorithm was applied to evaluate the signature’s potential in predicting chemotherapy *** findings unveiled a novel three TRP channels-related gene signature(MCOLN1,TRPM5,and TRPV4)in colon adenocarcinoma(COAD).The ROC and K-M survival curves in the training dataset(AUC=0.761;p=1.58e-05)and testing dataset(AUC=0.699;p=0.004)showed the signature’s robust predictive capability for the overall survival of COAD *** of the immune infiltration landscape associated with the signature revealed higher immune infiltration,especially an increased presence of M2 macrophages,in high-risk group patients compared to their low-risk ***-risk score patients also exhibited potential responsiveness to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy,evident through increased CD86 and PD-1 expression ***,the TRPM5 gene within the signature was highly expressed in the chemoresistance group(p=0.00095)and associated with poor prognosis(p=0.036)in COAD patients,highlighting its role as a hub gene of ***,this signature emerged as an independent prognosis factor for COAD patients(p=6.48e-06)and expression of model gene are validated by public data a

关键词： Colon cancer Transient receptor potential channels Prognostic signature Chemotherapy efficiency TRPM5

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Histologic subtypes of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第7期15卷 835-839页

作者： Nicola Giudici roland Seiler Department of Urology Spitalzentrum BielBiel 2501Switzerland Department of BioMedical Research University of BernBern 3010Switzerland

The majority of bladder cancers(BCs)are non-muscle invasive BCs(NMIBCs)and show the morphology of a conventional urothelial carcinoma(UC).Aberrant morphology is rare but can be *** classification and characterization of histologic subtypes(HS)in UC in BC have mainly been described in muscle in-vasive bladder cancer(MIBC).However,the currently used classification is ap-plied for invasive urothelial neoplasm and therefore,also valid for a subset of *** standard transurethral diagnostic work-up misses the presence of HS in NMIBC in a considerable percentage of patients and the real prevalence is not *** in NMIBC are associated with an aggressive ***-quently,clinical guidelines categorize HS of NMIBC as“(very)high-risk”tumors and recommend offering radical cystectomy to these *** strategies for bladder preservation can only be offered to highly selected patients and ideally within clinical *** treatment strategies and biomarkers have been established MIBC and NMIBC but have not been comprehensively invest-igated in the context of HS in *** evaluation prior to implementation into clinical practice is needed.

关键词： Urothelial carcinoma Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer Muscle invasive bladder cancer Histologic subtypes Histologic variants

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Enhancing 3D Reconstruction Accuracy of FIB Tomography Data Using Multi‑voltage Images and Multimodal Machine Learning

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2024年第1期7卷 48-60页

作者： Trushal Sardhara Alexander Shkurmanov Yong Li Lukas Riedel Shan Shi Christian J.Cyron roland C.Aydin Martin Ritter Institute for Continuum and Material Mechanics Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Electron Microscopy Unit Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Materials Physics and Technology Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Materials Mechanics Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthachtGermany Research Group of Integrated Metallic Nanomaterials Systems Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Material Systems Modeling Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthachtGermany

FIB-SEM tomography is a powerful technique that integrates a focused ion beam(FIB)and a scanning electron microscope(SEM)to capture high-resolution imaging data of *** approach involves collecting in-plane SEM imagesand using FIB to remove material layers for imaging subsequent planes,thereby producing image ***,theseimage stacks in FIB-SEM tomography are subject to the shine-through effect,which makes structures visible from theposterior regions of the current *** artifact introduces an ambiguity between image intensity and structures in thecurrent plane,making conventional segmentation methods such as thresholding or the k-means algorithm *** study,we propose a multimodal machine learning approach that combines intensity information obtained at differentelectron beam accelerating voltages to improve the three-dimensional(3D)reconstruction of *** treatingthe increased shine-through effect at higher accelerating voltages as a form of additional information,the proposed methodsignificantly improves segmentation accuracy and leads to more precise 3D reconstructions for real FIB tomography data.

关键词： Multimodal machine learning Multi-voltage images FIB-SEM Overdeterministic systems 3D reconstruction FIB tomography

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Distortions in focusing laser pulses due to spatio-temporal couplings:an analytic description

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 20-40页

作者： Klaus Steiniger Fabia Dietrich Daniel Albach Michael Bussmann Arie Irman Markus Loeser Richard Pausch Thomas Püschel roland Sauerbrey Susanne Schöbel Ulrich Schramm Mathias Siebold Karl Zeil Alexander Debus Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf DresdenGermany CASUS-Center for Advanced Systems Understanding GörlitzGermany Technische Universität Dresden DresdenGermany

In ultra-short laser pulses,small changes in dispersion properties before the final focusing mirror can lead to severe pulse distortions around the focus and therefore to very different pulse properties at the point of laser±matter interaction,yielding unexpected interaction *** mapping between far-and near-field laser properties intricately depends on the spatial and angular dispersion properties as well as the focal *** a focused Gaussian laser pulse under the influence of angular,spatial and group-delay dispersion,we derive analytical expressions for its pulse-front tilt,duration and width from a fully analytic expression for its electric field in the time±space domain obtained with scalar diffraction *** expression is not only valid in and near the focus but also along the entire propagation distance from the focusing mirror to the *** relating angular,spatial and group-delay dispersion before focusing at an off-axis parabola,where they are well measurable,to the respective values in the pulse’s focus are obtained by a ray tracing ***,these formulas are used to show in example setups that the pulse-front tilts of lasers with small initial dispersion can become several tens of degrees larger in the vicinity of the focus while being small directly in the *** formulas derived here provide the analytical foundation for observations previously made in numerical *** numerically simulating Gaussian pulse propagation and measuring properties of the pulse at distances several Rayleigh lengths off the focus,we verify the analytic expressions.

关键词： group-delay dispersion pulse-front tilt spatio-temporal couplings third-order dispersion ultra-short laser pulses

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A Golden Touch in the Design of Multifunctional Porphyrin Metallacages:Host-Guest Chemistry for Drug-Target Interactions

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第7期6卷 1662-1671页

作者： Tamara Rodríguez-Prieto Darren Wragg Nicole Heiduk Mihyun Park Nicole Strittmatter roland A.Fischer Angela Casini Guillermo Moreno-Alcántar Chair of Medicinal and Bioinorganic Chemistry Department of ChemistrySchool of Natural SciencesTechnical University of Munich85748 Garching b.München Professorship for Analytical Chemistry Department of ChemistrySchool of Natural SciencesTechnical University of Munich85748 Garching b.München Chair of Inorganic and MetalOrganic Chemistry Department of ChemistrySchool of Natural SciencesTechnical University of Munich85748 Garching b.München Munich Data Science Institute(MDSI) Technical University of Munich85748 Garching b.München

The use of three-dimensional self-assembled metallacages(MCgs)as multimodal drug platforms holds great ***,the synthesis of MCgs with increased complexity and functionality is a great challenge since understanding of the interaction of MCgs with biological targets is still *** this context,this work reports on the integration of a gold(III)porphyrin scaffold into a prismatic MCg structure and explores its application for multimodal therapy of cancer in vitro,namely enabling both photodynamic therapy and *** experimental approaches with a state-of-the-art metadynamics theoretical study,we discovered that the gold cage shows unprecedented host-guest interaction-driven selective stabilization of guanine-quadruplex(G4)structures-validated anticancer drug targets-disclosing a new mechanism to pursue in the design of supramolecular drugs.

关键词： gold metallacages porphyrins G4stabili-zation host-guestchemistry anticanceragents

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