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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第9期13卷 1296-1310页

作者： Winsou Irène Anago Eugenie Dah-Nouvlessounon Durand Aclinou Eustache Nounagnon Martial roko gautier Baba-Moussa Lamine Laboratory of Research in Applied Biology (LARBA) EPAC University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LBBM) FAST University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Laboratory of Bacteriology and Parasitology (LBP) Menontin Hospital Cotonou Benin

The purpose of this study is to quantify the polyphenolic content and evaluated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of four plants extracts of Annona senegalensis, Ipomoea batatas, Terminalia superba and Psidium guajava. Phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum trichloride methods, respectively with ethanolic extract. The antioxidant activity was accessed by DPPH and FRAP methods. The results of the analysis of this study indicate that the ethanol extracts of the test plants (A. senegalensis, I. batatas, P. guajava and T. superba) are potential source of natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory.

关键词： Antioxidant In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Polyphenolic Ethanol Extracts

Diversity, Chemical Compositions and Beneficial Effects of Some Spices and Aromatic Leaves Consumed in Benin and in the World: Critical Review

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第5期14卷 569-598页

作者： Carole Vikou Josiane Semassa Zoriţa Diaconeasa gautier roko Majoie Tohoyessou Durand Dah-Nouvlessounon Haziz Sina Andreea Stanilă Lamine Baba-Moussa Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Republic Faculty of Food Science and Technology University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca Cluj-Napoca Romania

Spices and aromatic plants are products of plant origin used in food. They are used for the preparation of remedies, for seasoning dishes or for preserving food. This review takes stock of the diversity of spices and aromatic herbs, the chemical composition, the different properties and forms of use of six spices and aromatic herbs commonly used in Benin and around the world. These are Zingiber officinalis (ginger), Curcuma longa (curcuma), Syzygium aromaticum (clove) and three aromatic herbs Petroselinum crispum (parsley), Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary), and Laurus nobilis (laurel). The methodology used is that of documentary research oriented towards the consultation of previous scientific documents that have highlighted the different pharmacological activities of the different species of spices and aromatic plants targeted. It is important to note that more than twenty plant species are used as spices and aromatic plants in Benin and around the world. Chemically, these different spices and aromatic herbs contain certain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, alkaloids, steroids, terpenes, saponins, and polyphenols. This diversity of secondary metabolites alone or in a possible synergy may be responsible for many beneficial properties attributed to spices and aromatic herbs.

关键词： Spices Aromatic Leaves Pharmacological Effects Humans

Status of Techniques Used to Control Moulds in Maize Storage in Africa

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Agricultural Sciences 2022年第1期13卷 49-64页

作者： Halfane Lehmane Rafiatou Ba Durand Dah-Nouvlessounon Haziz Sina gautier roko Farid T. Bade Akim Socohou Adolphe Adjanohoun Lamine Baba-Moussa Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Faculty of Sciences and Techniques University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Institut National des Recherches Agricoles du Bénin Cotonou Benin

In Benin, the preservation of maize is a real problem involving important physical and chemical properties losses. Physical losses are due by rodents, pests and insects and chemical losses are mainly due to fungal infection. Several methods, products and practices are used by farmers to overcome these problems. The methods used do not always control the losses caused by fungal infection. The objective of the study was to make a bibliographic synthesis of the impacts induced by the items, practices and methods used to overcome the chemical losses of maize. In the search for information, the library of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries was consulted;the archives of the library of the University of Abomey-Calavi and the National Institute of Agricultural Research of Benin were also consulted. Thus, chemicals such as sofagrain, Pyrimiphos-Methyl, Thiamethoxam, Pyrimiphos-Methyl, Permethrin, Deltamethrin, fumigant are used to control physical attacks on maize. Ash and plants species such as neem tree (Azadirachta indica) are generally used for the preservation and storage of maize seeds. In addition, chemicals such as arsenious anhydride and zinc phosphide are used for the preservation of corn. The use of these molecules and chemical products has negative impacts on human health and the environment. Of all the methods used, no treatment is still popularized for the reduction of the chemical losses caused by the fungal infection in corn storage.

关键词： Impact Aflatoxins Cereals Conservation Africa

Eating Disorders and Pregnancy: The Case of Anorexia

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第4期14卷 353-373页

作者： Anne-Sophie gautier Psychiatrist/Child Psychiatrist CH Denain Denain France

The question of the link between pregnancy and eating disorders is an important question. At the moment, there are few concrete answers for these patients. Despite common fertility challenges, patients who suffer from ED are able to access maternity. ED and pregnancy can either have an easy evolution or experience a lot of trouble. Many studies describe obstetrical and foetal complications (low birthweight, inadequate intra-uterine growth, small head circumference, miscarriage, caesarean section). Those patients are frequently reluctant to address their disease with their specialist, who also often doesn’t know how to screen the signs. The lack of official data to train the specialists further increases these difficulties. However, ED are frequent in the general population and young patients are likely to eventually want to become mothers. It is thus essential to know how to screen those patients early and accurately to improve their treatment and care. Eating disorders impact the pregnancy, the delivery and the postpartum as well as the growth of the baby. It is an important public health problem. The evolution from being a woman to becoming a mother is a difficult one, and even more so when the women is suffering from ED. Those patients must handle their nutritional fears, the anxiety about their body changing with pregnancy and the daily challenges. The early interactions with their baby have consequences on their development. It seems necessary to evaluate how to improve the screening and the patient care in ED patients. Screening should begin from the pregnancy desire to the postpartum. This patient care should be based on a multidisciplinary care team.

关键词： Eating Disorders Anorexia Pregnancy Child Postpartum

APOBEC3G Role on HIV Infection in Africa: A Systematic Review

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2024年第1期14卷 25-42页

作者： Tegwinde Rebeca Compaore Abdoul Karim Ouattara Adama Baguiya Lassina Traore Abdou Azaque Zoure Henri gautier Ouedraogo Seni Kouanda Jacques Simpore Biomedical and Public Health Department Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS)/CNRST Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie et de Génétique Moléculaire (LABIOGENE) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université Norbert Zongo (UNZ) Centre Universitaire de Manga Koudougou Burkina Faso

The highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) has allowed people living with HIV to live longer with a better quality of life. However, toxicity and the emergence of drug resistance arise from HAART use. Therefore, new antiretroviral therapy is needed since no cure or vaccine is available against HIV. Virus-host interaction has been proven to be important in the last decade. Host factors such as the C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5), a receptor used by HIV to penetrate host cells, have led to the discovery of the Maraviroc, which is an antiretroviral medication used in the United States. In contrast, other factors like C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 4 (CXCR4) and the Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (APOBEC3G), a potent host defense factor against HIV, is under investigation. APOBEC3G antiviral activity remains a possible therapeutic target against HIV. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the available evidence on the role of APOBEC3G polymorphisms and their expression on HIV infection disease progression in Africa. We used Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar and searched for relevant publications in French or English reporting on APOBEC3G polymorphisms association with HIV infection in African populations from January 2009 to May 2023. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyzes) was used to process for reporting systematic review. Fifteen studies were included, of which seven were on APOBEC3G polymorphisms and eight were on APOBEC3G expression. Among the APOBEC3G polymorphisms, the most studied was H186R or rs8177832. The average of the minor allele frequency of H186R of APOBEC3G available for the studies included in this study was 0.29 with a 95% CI (0.172;0.401) and varied from 0.108 reported in Uganda to 0.47 recorded from Burkina Faso. The polymorphism H186R was not associated with HIV status in Southern Africa. However, the referent allele of H186R was protectiv

关键词： APOBEC3G HIV Genetic Variation Therapeutic Target African Populations

Rabies by Dog Bites in Benin: Determinants of Good Knowledge of the Rabies Risk among Subjects Exposed in the Plateau Department in 2023

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第2期14卷 378-396页

作者： Benoit Sedegnon Agossoukpe Finagnon Armand Wanvoegbe Georgia Barikissou Ignace Coovi Nonwanou Tokpanoude Elvire Se Djossou Phinées Adegbola Gilchrist Mègnisse Orphé Laly Tagnon gautier Raphaël Gnonlonfoun Badirou Aguemon Public Health Unit Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Cotonou National School of Technicians in Public Health and Epidemiology University of Parakou Parakou Benin Comlan Alfred Quenum Regional Institute of Public Health (IRSP-CAQ) Ouidah Benin ITM Antwerp Alumni (Institute of tropical medicine of Antwerp) Antwerp Belgium

Rabies, a viral zoonosis, is one of the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) that mainly affects poor and vulnerable populations. Human rabies is endemic in Benin. Although listed among the notifiable diseases, it nevertheless remains a neglected and under-reported disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the determinants of knowledge of rabies risk among subjects exposed to human rabies by dog bites in the Plateau department of Benin. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with an analytical aim which involved a sample of 900 people aged at least 18 years old chosen randomly and residing in the Plateau department for at least six months. A pre-tested and validated digital questionnaire served as a data collection tool. Data analysis was done with R 3.4.1 software. The prevalence ratio was used as a measure of association. The confidence threshold was set at 5%. We carried out a multiple logistic regression using the likelihood ratio (top-down approach) in order to identify the main factors which influenced the good knowledge of human rabies in the population of Plateau. Results: In the study population, 80.89% of the subjects surveyed lived in a rural area. The sex ratio (Male/Female) was 1.11. The average age of the subjects was 40.24 ± 14.52 years. The prevalence of dog bites was 4.11% (95% CI = [3.00;5.63]) or 37 subjects bitten. After evaluation of knowledge of rabies risk in the study population, the main factors which positively influenced good knowledge of human rabies were age (p linear trend 0.01), residence of the subject in the municipality of Pobè (ORa = 8.34;95% CI = 0.83 - 1.23;p < 0.01), individual dwelling (ORa = 17.95;95% CI = 13.12 - 49.58;p < 0. 01), educational level of at least secondary (ORa = 5.53;CI 95 = 3.06 - 10.15;p = 0.01), the existence of a veterinary center (ORa = 3.66;CI 95 = 1.07 - 12.43 p = 0.01) and knowledge of a dog bites victim (ORa = 6.55;95% CI = 2.73 - 8.25;p < 0.01). Conclusion: This population study confirm

关键词： Rabies Determinants Knowledge Associated Factors Benin

Ethnobotanical Survey of Two Medicinal Plants(Heliotropium indicum L.,Abrus precatorius L.,)Used in Traditional Medicine in West Africa

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Journal of Botanical Research 2021年第3期3卷 12-18页

作者： Farid T.Badé Durand Dah-Nouvlessounon Sina Haziz CisséHama Aude Kelomey Assogba Sylvestre Oladélégautier roko Adjanohoun Adolphe Savadogo Aly Baba-Moussa Lamine Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology Faculty of Science and Technology/University of Abomey-CalaviCotonouBenin Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Immunology(LABIA) UFR in Life and Earth SciencesDoctoral School of Sciences and TechnologiesJoseph KI-ZERBO UniversityOuagadougouBurkina Faso South Agricultural Research Center National Agricultural Research Institute of BeninAttogonBenin

Since the time of our ancestors,natural products issued from plant play a therapeutic crucial *** 25-30%of all medicines(drugs)available for the treatment of diseases are derived from natural products(from plants,animals,bacteria and fungi)or are derivatives of natural *** aim of this research was to scientifically identify and supply tangible documentation on these two plants employed in the traditional *** November 2020 to February 2021,an ethnobotanical survey was conducted within four markets at the south of Benin,employing a semi-structured *** hundred respondents including 80%of females and 20%of males were *** 2 studied plants are mainly used for different types of sickness related to ***’herbalists are the most *** this research,it appears that the 2 plants are widely used for the treatment of severe *** the market,95%of the leafy steam are sold against 5%of the roots for both *** main preparation way is *** use is reported to be common in all *** value of samples sold varies from 200F CFA(Financial Cooperation of Africa)to 1000F *** decoctions are usually obtained through one of a mix of different types of *** knowledge is transmitted from one generation to another by oral *** today there was no record *** our study,we did no record prohibition or side effect related to these plants’*** medicinal plants occupy a crucial place within the therapeutic arsenal of west *** results constitute a vital tool to determine the true potentials of these *** results could lead to new improved traditional medicine.

关键词： Therapeutic Ethnobotanical Decoction Medicine West Africa

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Hepatitis C Virus Antibodies among Drug Users in Burkina Faso

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Advances in Microbiology 2024年第1期14卷 92-104页

作者： Sylvie Zida Kadari Cissé Odette Ky-Zerbo Dinanibè Kambiré Serge Théophile Soubeiga Simon Tiendrebéogo Fatou Sissoko Issa Sory Célestine Ki-Toé Solange Dioma Djeneba Zorom Adama Ouédraogo Cedric Dimitri Axon Hien Mahamoudou Sanou Seni Kouanda Henri gautier Ouédraogo Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Dé partement de G&eacuteographie Universit&eacute Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso Secré tariat permanent du Conseil national de lutte contre le Sida et les IST (SP/CNLS-IST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Initiative Privé e et Communautaire pour la Sant&eacute et la Riposte au VIH/SIDA au Burkina Faso (IPC/BF) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant&eacute (UFR-SDS) Universit&eacute Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: The epidemiology of both hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among drug users (DUs) is little known in West Africa. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses among drug users in Burkina Faso. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional biological and behavioral survey conducted between June and August 2022, among drug users in Ouagadougou and Bobo Dioulasso, the two main cities of Burkina Faso. A respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was used to recruit drug users. Hepatitis B surface antigen was determined using lateral flow rapid test kits and antibodies to hepatitis C virus in serum determined using an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Data were entered and analyzed using Stata 17 software. Weighted binary logistic regression was used to identify the associated factors of hepatitis B and C infections and a p-value Results: A total of 323 drug users were recruited with 97.5% males. The mean age was 32.7 years old. The inhaled or smoked mode was the most used by drug users. The adjusted hepatitis B and hepatitis C prevalence among study participants were 11.1% and 2.3% respectively. The marital status (p = 0.001), and the nationality (p = 0.011) were significantly associated with hepatitis B infection. The type of drug used was not significantly associated with hepatitis B infection or hepatitis C infection. Conclusion: The prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies among DUs are comparable to those reported in the general population in Burkina Faso. This result suggests that the main routes of contamination by HBV and HCV among DUs are similar to those in the population, and could be explained by the low use of the injectable route by DUs in Burkina Faso.

关键词： Drug Users Hepatitis C Hepatitis B Prevalence Burkina Faso

End-of-Life Decision making in circular economy using generalized colored stochastic Petri nets

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Autonomous Intelligent Systems 2022年第1期2卷 32-49页

作者： gautier Vanson Pascale Marangé Eric Levrat Universitéde Lorraine CRANUMR 7039Campus SciencesBP 70239Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy54506France

Circular economy enables to restore product value at the end of life *** no longer used or ***,the product life cycle is extended and this economy permits to reduce waste increase and resources *** are several revaluation options(reuse,remanufacturing,recycling,...).So,decisionmakers need to assess these options to determine which is the best ***,we will present a study about an End-Of-Life(EoL)decision making which aims to facilitate the industrialization of circular *** this,it is essential to consider all variables and parameters impacting the decision of the product trajectory.A first part of the work proposes to identify the variables and parameters impacting the decision making.A second part proposes an assessment approach based on a modeling by Generalized Colored Stochastic Petri Net(GCSPN)and on a Monte-Carlo *** approach developed is tested on an industrial example from the literature to analyze the efficiency and effectiveness of the *** first application showed the feasibility of the approach,and also the limits of the GCSPN modelling.

关键词： Circular economy Sustainability Decision making Generalized colored stochastic Petri net Monte-Carlo simulation

Bacteriological Profile of Effusion Fluids Infections at Charles De Gaulle University Pediatric Hospital from 2017 to 2020

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024年第2期14卷 146-163页

作者： Kambiré Dinanibè Ouédraogo Oumarou Tiendrebéogo Salam Tondé Issa Tamboura Mamadou Zida Sylvie Kpoda Dissinviel Sagna Tani Compaoré T. Rebeca Zouré Abdou-Azaque Soubeiga R. Serge Théophile Sawadogo Stanislas Ilboudo Maïmouna Rouamba Hortense Ouédraogo Wenkouni Henri gautier Ouédraogo-Traoré Rasmata Sanou Mahamoudou Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pdiatrique Charles De Gaulle Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Universitaire de Ziniar Ziniar Burkina Faso Universit Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Universit Ouaga 3S Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Mdical Urbain de Samandin Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Microbiology of effusion fluids in children in Burkina Faso is characterized by the scarcity of data. This work aimed to study the bacteriological and antibiotics susceptibility profile of bacteria involved in effusion fluid infections in paediatrics in order to improve the choice of probabilistic antibiotics therapy. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was used in children aged 0 to 15 years from 2017 to 2020 at the Charles De Gaulle Pediatric University Hospital Center (CHUP-CDG) in Ouagadougou. Classical bacteriology methods such as macroscopy, Gram staining, identification galleries and antibiotics susceptibility testing were used. Results: Of 231 samples, 64 bacteria were isolated. The most common bacterial strains of pleural fluid were Staphylococcus aureus (25%) and 40% for Enterobacteriaceae. Of the peritoneal fluid, 77% were Enterobacteriaceae with 57% Escherichia coli;and from joint fluid, 33% were S. aureus and 22% for P. aeruginosa. The overall susceptibility profile showed 29% extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL), 10% methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and 8% carbapenemases. Conclusion: Bacteriological profile is characterized by ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae and MRSA. The most active antibiotics were macrolides, aminoglycosides, and cefoxitin (methicillin) for Gram-positive cocci, carbapenems, and aminoglycosides for Gram-negative bacilli. Then, the monitoring of antibiotics resistance must be permanent.

关键词： Bacteriological Profile Effusion Fluid Infections