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Regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by herpesviruses

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World j.urnal of Virology 2016年第4期5卷 144-154页

作者： Kevin j.Zwezdaryk j.seph A Combs Cindy A morris Deborah E Sullivan Department of Microbiology and Immu-nology Tulane University School of Medicine

The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is instrumental in successful differentiation and proliferation of mammalian cells. It is therefore not surprising that the herpesvirus family has developed mechanisms to interact with and manipulate this pathway. Successful coexistence with the host requires that herpesviruses establish a lifelong infection that includes periods of latency and reactivation or persistence. Many herpesviruses establish latency in progenitor cells and viral reactivation is linked to host-cell proliferation and differentiation status. Importantly, Wnt/β-catenin is tightly connected to stem/progenitor cell maintenance and differentiation. Numerous studies have linked Wnt/β-catenin signaling to a variety of cancers, emphasizing the importance of Wnt/β-catenin pathways in development, tissue homeostasis and disease. This review details how the alpha-, beta-, and gammaherpesviruses interact and manipulate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway to promote a virus-centric agenda.

关键词： Herpesvirus Herpes simplex virus-1 Varicella zoster virus Cytomegalovirus Epstein-Barr virus Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus Wnt/β-catenin Glycogen synthase kinase-3 Axin

Comparison of skeletal and soft tissue pericytes identifies CXCR4+ bone forming mural cells in human tissues

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Bone Research 2020年第3期8卷 286-299页

作者： j.aj.a Xu Dongqing Li Ching-Yun Hsu Ye Tian Leititia Zhang Yiyun Wang Robert j.Tower Leslie Chang Carolyn A.Meyers Yongxing Gao Kristen Broderick Carol morris j.dy E.Hooper Sridhar Nimmagadda Bruno Peault Aaron W.j.mes Departments of Pathology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore 21205 MDUSA Department of Microbiology Wuhan University School of Basic Medical of ScienceWuhanHubeiP.R.China Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School of StomatologyChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningP.R.China Departments of Orthopaedics Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore 21205 MDUSA Departments of Plastic Surgery Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore 21205 MDUSA Departments of Autopsy Service Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21205USA Departments of Radiology and Radiological Science bonBaltimore 21205 MDUSA UCLA and Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center Los AngelesCA 90095USA Center for Cardiovascular Science and MRC Center for Regenerative Medicine University of EdinburghEdinburghUK

Human osteogenic progenitors are not precisely defined,being primarily studied as heterogeneous multipotent cell populations and termed mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs).Notably,select human pericytes can develop into bone-forming ***,we sought to define the differentiation potential of CD146 f human pericytes from skeletal and soft tissue sources,with the underlying goal of defining cell surface markers that typify an osteoblastogenic ***146+CD31~CD45_pericytes were derived by fluorescence-activated cell sorting from human periosteum,adipose,or dermal *** CD146+CD31—CD45 cells retained canonical features of pericytes/*** pericytes demonstrated a striking tendency to undergo osteoblastogenesis in vitro and skeletogenesis in vivo,while soft tissue pericytes did not *** analysis revealed higher CXCR4 signaling among periosteal pericytes in comparison to their soft tissue counterparts,and CXCR4 chemical inhibition abrogated ectopic ossification by periosteal ***,enrichment of CXCR4+pericytes or stromal cells identified an osteoblastic/non-adipocytic precursor *** sum,human skeletal and soft tissue pericytes differ in their basal abilities to form *** exists in soft tissue pericytes,however,and CXCR4+pericytes represent an osteoblastogenic,non-adipocytic cell ***,enrichment for CXCR4-expressing stromal cells is a potential new tactic for skeletal tissue engineering.

关键词： CD146 CXCR4 pericyte

A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study of Two Dipeptide Based Molecular Micelles: Effect of Amino Acid Order

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Open j.urnal of Physical Chemistry 2013年第1期3卷 20-29页

作者： Kevin F. morris Eugene j. Billiot Fereshteh H. Billiot Kenny B. Lipkowitz William M. Southerland Yayin Fang Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Howard University College of Medicine Howard University Washington USA Department of Chemistry Carthage College Kenosha USA Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi Corpus Christi USA Office of Naval Research Arlington USA

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to compare the structures of the chiral molecular micelles (MM) poly-(sodium undecyl-(L,L)-leucine-valine) (poly(SULV)) and poly-(sodium undecyl-(L,L)-valine-leucine) (poly (SUVL)). Both MM contained polymerized surfactant monomers terminated by chiral dipeptide headgroups. The study was undertaken to investigate why poly(SULV) is generally a better chiral selector compared to poly(SUVL) in electrokinetic chromatography separations. When comparing poly(SULV) to poly(SUVL), poly(SULV) had the more conformational flexible dipeptide headgroup and hydrogen bond analyses revealed that the poly(SULV) headgroup conformation allowed a larger number of intramolecular hydrogen bonds to form between monomer chains. In addition, a larger number of water molecules surrounded the chiral centers of the poly(SULV) molecular micelle. Poly(SULV) was also found to have a larger solvent accessible surface area (SASA) than poly(SUVL) and fluctuations in the poly(SULV) SASA during the MD simulation allowed dynamic monomer chain motions expected to be important in chiral recognition to be identified. Finally, approximately 50% of the Na+ counterions were found in the first three solvation shells surrounding both MM, with the remainder located in the bulk. Overall the MD simulations point to both greater headgroup flexibility and solvent and analyte access to the chiral centers of the dipeptide headgroup as factors contributing to the enhanced chiral selectivity observed with poly(SULV).

关键词： Chiral Recognition Polymeric Surfactant Molecular Modeling

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男人是傻子女人是疯子

Investigation of Chiral Molecular Micelles by NMR Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamics Simulation

作者： (美)霍华德·j. 莫里斯(Howard j. morris) (美)珍妮·李(j.nny Lee)

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Open j.urnal of Physical Chemistry 2012年第4期2卷 240-251页

作者： Kevin F. morris Eugene j. Billiot Fereshteh H. Billiot Kenny B. Lipkowitz William M. Southerland Yayin Fang Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Howard University College of Medicine Howard University Washington DC USA Department of Chemistry Carthage College Kenosha USA Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences Texas A & M University Corpus Christi USA Office of Naval Research Arlington USA

NMR spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation analyses of the chiral molecular micelles poly-(Sodium Undecyl-(L,L)-Leucine-Valine) (poly-SULV) and poly-(Sodium Undecyl-(L,L)-Valine-Leucine) (poly-(SUVL)) are reported. Both molecular micelles are used as chiral selectors in electrokinetic chromatography and each consists of covalently linked surfactant chains with chiral dipeptide headgroups. To provide experimental support for the structures from MD simulations, NOESY spectra were used to identify protons in close spatial proximity. Results from the NOESY analyses were then compared to radial distribution functions from MD simulations. In addition, the hydrodynamic radii of both molecular micelles were calculated from NMR-derived diffusion coefficients. Corresponding radii from the MD simulations were found to be in agreement with these experimental results. NMR diffusion experiments were also used to measure association constants for polar and non-polar binaphthyl analytes binding to both molecular micelles. Poly (SUVL) was found to bind the non-polar analyte enantiomers more strongly, while the more polar analyte enantiomers interacted more strongly with poly(SULV). MD simulations in turn showed that poly(SULV) had a more open structure that gave greater access for water molecules to the dipeptide headgroup region.

关键词： NOESY Chiral Recognition Polymeric Surfactant Molecular Modeling

Zwitterion-doped liquid crystal speckle reducers for immersive displays and vectorial imaging

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第11期12卷 2363-2377页

作者： Yihan j.n Nathan P.Spiller Chao He Grahame Faulkner Martin j.Booth Steve j.Elston Stephen M.morris Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordParks RoadOxford OX13PJUK

Lasers possess many attractive features(e.g.,high brightness,narrow linewidth,well-defined polarization)that make them the ideal illumination source for many different scientific and technological endeavors relating to imaging and the display of high-resolution ***,their high-level of coherence can result in the formation of noise,referred to as speckle,that can corrupt and degrade ***,we demonstrate a new electro-optic technology for combatting laser speckle using a chiral nematic liquid crystal(LC)dispersed with zwitterionic *** are presented that demonstrate when driven at the optimum electric field conditions,the speckle noise can be reduced by>90%resulting in speckle contrast(C)values of C=0.07,which is approaching that required to be imperceptible to the human *** LC technology is then showcased in an array of different display and imaging applications,including a demonstration of speckle reduction in modern vectorial laser-based imaging.

关键词： polarization speckle crystal

Implementing physically active learning:Future directions for research,policy,and practice

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j.urnal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第1期9卷 41-49,F0003页

作者： Andy Daly-Smith Thomas Quarmby Victoria S.j.Archbold Ash C.Routen j.de L.morris Catherine Gammon j.hn B.Bartholomew Geir Kare Resaland Bryn Llewellyn Richard Allman Henry Dorling School of Sport Leeds Beckett UniversityLeedsLS63QSUK School of Sport Exercise and Health SciencesLoughborough UniversityE152GZUK School of Health Promotion and Human Performance Eastern Michigan UniversityYpsilantiMI 48197USA Centre for Diet and Activity Research MRC Epidemiology UnitUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB21TNUK Department of Kinesiology and Health Education The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78705USA Center for Physically Active Learning Faculty of EducationArts and SportsWestern Norway University of Applied SciencesSogndal5020 BergenNorway Tagtiv8 Ltd and Move&Learn LeedsWF27BSUK School of Sport Health and Social ScienceSolent UniversitySouthamptonSO 14 ORTUK

Purpose:To identify co-produced multi-stakeholder perspectives important for successful widespread physically active learning(PAL) adoption and ***:A total of 35 stakeholders(policymakers n=9;commercial education sector,n=8;teachers,n=3;researchers,n=15) attended a design thinking PAL *** formed 5 multi-disciplinary groups with at least 1 representative from each stakeholder *** group,facilitated by a researcher,undertook 2 tasks:(1) using Post-it Notes,the following question was answered:within the school day,what are the opportunities for learning combined with movement?and(2) structured as a washing-line task,the following question was answered:how can we establish PAL as the norm?All discussions were audio-recorded and *** analyses were conducted by 4 *** the analyses were complete,the main themes and subthemes were assigned to 4 predetermined categories:(1) PAL design and implementation,(2) priorities for practice,(3) priorities for policy,and(4) priorities for ***:The following were the main themes for PAL implementation:opportunities for PAL within the school day,delivery environments,learning approaches,and the intensity of *** main themes for the priorities for practice included teacher confidence and competence,resources to support delivery,and community of *** main themes for the policy for priorities included self-governance,the Office for Standards in Education,Children’s Services,and Skill,policy investment in initial teacher training,and curriculum *** main themes for the research priorities included establishing a strong evidence base,school-based PAL implementation,and a whole-systems ***:The present study is the first to identify PAL implementation factors using a combined multi-stakeholder *** achieve wider PAL adoption and implementation,future interventions should be evidence based and address implementation factors

关键词： Children Physical activity Physically active learning Policy School

Feasibility of pancreatectomy following high-dose proton therapy for unresectable pancreatic cancer

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World j.urnal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2017年第4期9卷 103-108页

作者： Kathryn E Hitchcock R Charles Nichols Christopher G morris Debashish Bose Steven j.Hughes j.hn A Stauffer Scott A Celinski Elizabeth A j.hnson Robert A Zaiden Nancy P Mendenhall Michael S Rutenberg Department of Radiation Oncology University of Florida Department of Surgical Oncology UF Health Cancer Center-Orlando Health Department of Surgery University of Florida Department of Surgery Mayo Clinic Department of Surgery Baylor University Medical Center at Dallas Department of Hematology/Oncology Mayo Clinic Department of Hematology/Oncology Baptist Health

AIM To review surgical outcomes for patients undergoing pancreatectomy after proton therapy with concomitant capecitabine for initially unresectable pancreatic *** From April 2010 to September 2013,15 patients with initially unresectable pancreatic cancer were treated withproton therapy with concomitant capecitabine at 1000 mg orally twice daily. All patients received 59.40 Gy(RBE) to the gross disease and 1 patient received 50.40 Gy(RBE) to high-risk nodal targets. There were no treatment interruptions and no chemotherapy dose reductions. Six patients achieved a radiographic response sufficient to j.stify surgical exploration,of whom 1 was identified as having intraperitoneal dissemination at the time of surgery and the planned pancreatectomy was aborted. Five patients underwent resection. Procedures included:Laparoscopic standard pancreaticoduodenectomy(n = 3),open pyloris-sparing pancreaticoduodenectomy(n = 1),and open distal pancreatectomy with irreversible electroporation(IRE) of a pancreatic head mass(n = 1). RESULTS The median patient age was 60 years(range,51-67). The median duration of surgery was 419 min(range,290-484),with a median estimated blood loss of 850 cm^3(range,300-2000),median ICU stay of 1 d(range,0-2),and median hospital stay of 10 d(range,5-14). Three patients were re-admitted to a hospital within 30 d after discharge for wound infection(n = 1),delayed gastric emptying(n = 1),and ischemic gastritis(n = 1). Two patients underwent R0 resections and demonstrated minimal residual disease in the final pathology specimen. One patient,after negative pancreatic head biopsies,underwent IRE followed by distal pancreatectomy with no tumor seen in the specimen. Two patients underwent R2 resections. Only 1 patient demonstrated ultimate local progression at the primary site. Median survival for the 5 resected patients was 24 mo(range,10-30).CONCLUSION Pancreatic resection for patients with initially unresectable cancers is feasible after

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Pancreatectomy Pancreas Proton therapy Radiotherapy

东南亚：IAEA在培训核医学专业人才方面的作用

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国际原子能机构通报 1991年第1期33卷 9-11页

作者： morris,j