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Application of dynamic image analysis to the optical characterisation of fibrous bulk material

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 51-60页

作者： Johannes Lunewski Eberhard schmidt Institute of Particle Technology University of WuppertalGermany

Dynamic image analysis provides an automated evaluation method to determine the size and shape of multiple particles. This method represents a common application for ordinary bulk material. The latest draft of ISO 13322–2:2021 describes the state of the art, but lacks instructions for handling fibrous bulk material. Interlocking fibres complicate the measurement conditions and require a disentanglement of fibrous samples during a pre-dispersion step. A further error source includes the fibre orientation inside the measurement zone of the device. If the thresholding algorithm fails to differentiate between the fibre projection area and the background, a subsequent image optimisation solves the problem. This article addresses the mentioned problems by analysing cotton cellulose and polyacrylonitrile fibres. Besides the execution of a pre-dispersion step, the experiments compare the discrepancies between dry and wet dispersion. Here, the software packages PAQXOS and ImageJ perform the image evaluation. In this case, the wet dispersion setup with a subsequent image evaluation by ImageJ provides comprehensible results.

关键词： Bootstrap method Dynamic image analysis Fibre diameter Fibre length distribution Natural fibres Synthetic fibres

流体网络建模——快速精确的散热设计分析手段

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电子产品世界 2003年第8B期10卷 48-49页

作者： roger R.schmidt Walter A Schindler Kanchan M.Kelkar IBM公司 Elma电子公司 Innovative研究公司

电子系统能否可靠工作,与其热学特性是否令人满意有着极为密切的关系.

关键词：流体网络建模散热设计气冷电子系统液冷电子系统 FNM

The NORE1A/RASSF5 Tumor Suppressor Forms a Complex with GSK-3β to Regulate β-Catenin

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第8期12卷 60-75页

作者： M. Lee schmidt Howard Donninger Geoffrey J. Clark Department Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Louisville Louisville USA US Worldmeds LouisvilleUSA Department of Medicine University of Louisville Louisville USA Experimental Therapeutics Program James Graham Brown Cancer Center University of Louisville Louisville USA

NORE1A (RASSF5) is a tumor suppressor of the RASSF family that is often down-regulated in human tumors. NORE1A has multiple roles in controlling cellular homeostasis, one of them being regulating levels of β-catenin by binding and modulating the ubiquitin ligase substrate recognition factor β-TrCP. β-catenin is a major executor of the Wnt pathway. The ubiquitin SCF-β-TrCP ligase complex acts on a phospho-degron site in β-catenin that can be phosphorylated by GSK-3β. We now show that in addition to binding β-TrCP, NORE1A also promotes the phosphorylation of the β-catenin phospho-degron by complexing with the kinase GSK-3β. Indeed, NORE1A enhances the formation of a GSK-3β/β-TrCP complex. A structural mutant of NORE1A that retains β-TrCP binding but will no longer interact with GSK-3β inhibits the β-catenin degrading action of NORE1A. The GSK-3β interaction with NORE1A plays an important role in the biology of NORE1A as a GSK-3β inhibitor blocks NORE1A induced senescence. Thus, we identify a new role for the tumor suppressor NORE1A: The regulation of GSK-3β. GSK-3β has many other substrates including multiple transcription factors and co-activators such as p53 and the Hippo component TAZ. The work implies that NORE1A may be able to influence all of them via this new kinase scaffolding interaction.

关键词： RAS NORE1A RASSF5 GSK-3β Beta Catenin HIPPO

Concise Synthesis of Lactococcus garvieae Lipoteichoic Acids Through an Additive-Modulated Preactivation Protocol and the Immunological Studies

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第2期6卷 403-414页

作者： Tianlu Li Tong Li Yue Yang Haoru Zhuang Jianwu Lv Ning Zhou Miaomiao Zhang Fengshan Wang Yiqun Geng Richard R.schmidt Peng Peng National Glycoengineering Research Center Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and GlycobiologyNMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate Based MedicineShandong UniversityQingdao 266237 State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050 Department of Chemistry University of KonstanzD-78457 Konstanz

Lipoteichoic acids(LTAs)are macroamphiphiles composed of alditol,lipid,phosphate,and carbohydrate *** to their inherent complexity,it is a severe challenge to access LTAs with structural integrity from natural sources for biological or immunological ***,we describe the first total synthesis of Lactococcus garvieae LTA(type II LTA),containing five distinct 1,2-cis gluco/galactopyranosidic linkages,via a novel additive-modulated O-glycosyl trichloroacetimidate preactivation glycosidation *** strategy features(1)high glycosidation yields and excellent 1,2-cis stereoselectivities independent of the donor anomeric configuration,(2)common and inexpensive reagents as promoters and additives,(3)application to standard glycosyl imidate donors without resorting to participating protection,and(4)general application to reactive and less reactive glycosyl ***,via the precise stereocontrolled construction of three galactopyranosidic and two glucopyranosidic bonds on a multigram scale,a series of structurally well-defined LTA molecules were successfully *** evaluation of these type II synthetic LTAs showed a structure–activity relationship in the stimulation of a proinflammatory response.

关键词： 1,2-cis glycosidation stereoselectivity lipoteichoic acid total synthesis additive-modulated trichloroacetimidate glycosidation immune response

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语法惊异——论语言戏剧化的认知情感机制

当代语言学 2024年第3期26卷 317-335页

作者：井茁俄勒冈大学东亚语言文学系

在日常生活中,戏剧化的语言呈现令人惊的事件、表达强烈的情感体验。那么戏剧化的语言有哪些特征?其戏剧性又从何而来呢?继“戏剧化语言”这一概念提出以来,汉语语言学界对相关现象的研究不断深入,不仅分析了语言戏剧性在汉语词汇句法... 详细信息

在日常生活中,戏剧化的语言呈现令人惊的事件、表达强烈的情感体验。那么戏剧化的语言有哪些特征?其戏剧性又从何而来呢?继“戏剧化语言”这一概念提出以来,汉语语言学界对相关现象的研究不断深入,不仅分析了语言戏剧性在汉语词汇句法上的表现,而且从戏曲审美和戏剧语言的角度发掘、论述了汉语特有的戏剧化模式与手段。这些研究成果进一步深化拓展了语言主观性研究的理论视野。同时,戏剧化语言作为一个理论构建还有待进一步界定和锤炼。本文拟从信息的情感认知层面探讨语言的戏剧性和戏剧化机制,提出“语法惊异”这一理论构建,即创造性的语法逾矩所产生的惊异情感认知体验在语言体系中的凝结、更新、再创造。我们认为,语法惊异作为戏剧性语言的心理基础,在理论上补充了先前提出的以认知显著性和情感表达力为标志的戏剧化语言命题。文章以汉语、英语和德语为例,从语法惊异的视角阐释语言戏剧性的具身性,并探讨语言类型学特征对语法惊异编码的制约。

关键词：戏剧化语法惊异主观构建具身性类型学

Ethernet-APL推动流程工业现场网络的升级

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流程工业 2024年第3期 24-25页

作者： Friederike schmidt Lapp缆普电缆公司

Ethernet-APL改变了之前现场级网络连接的固有规定,尤其适用于流程工业。它采用单一协议实现端到端联网,可在长达1000 m的电缆长度线路上实现高速传输,同时也具备本质安全性,适用于潜在爆炸区域。

关键词： Ethernet 网络连接电缆长度本质安全性爆炸区域流程工业高速传输 APL

Genome and clonal hematopoiesis stability contrasts with immune,cfDNA,mitochondrial,and telomere length changes during short duration spaceflight

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Precision Clinical Medicine 2024年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： J.Sebastian Garcia-Medina Karolina Sienkiewicz S.Anand Narayanan Eliah G.Overbey Kirill Grigorev Krista A.Ryon Marissa Burke Jacqueline Proszynski Braden Tierney Caleb M.schmidt Nuria Mencia-Trinchant Remi Klotz Veronica Ortiz Jonathan Foox Christopher Chin Deena Najjar Irina Matei Irenaeus Chan Carlos Cruchaga Ashley Kleinman JangKeun Kim Alexander Lucaci Conor Loy Omary Mzava Iwijn De Vlaminck Anvita Singaraju Lynn E.Taylor Julian C.schmidt Michael A.schmidt Kelly Blease Juan Moreno Andrew Boddicker Junhua Zhao Bryan Lajoie Andrew Altomare Semyon Kruglyak Shawn Levy Min Yu Duane C.Hassane Susan M.Bailey Kelly Bolton Jaime Mateus Christopher E.Mason Department of Physiology and Biophysics Weill Cornell MedicineCornell UniversityNew YorkNY 10021USA The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA Department of Immunology Weill Cornell MedicineCornell UniversityNew YorkNY 10021USA Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033USA Space Exploration Technologies Corporation HawthomeCA 90250USA Sovaris Aerospace BoulderCO 80302USA Advanced Pattern Analysis&Human Performance Group BoulderCO 80302USA Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories Departments of Pediatrics and Cell and Developmental BiologyDrukier Institute for Children's HealthMeyer Cancer CenterWeill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA Meyer Cancer Center Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10065USA Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306USA Department of Systems Engineering Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Element Biosciences San DiegoCA 10055USA Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Cell and Molecular Biology Program Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA BioAstra Inc New YorkNYUSA Washington University St Louis Oncology Division St.LouisMO 63100USA Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute Weill Cornell MedicineNY 10021USA WorldQuant Initiative for Quantitative Prediction Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021USA

Background The Inspiration4(I4)mission,the first all-civilian orbital flight mission,investigated the physiological effects of short-duration spaceflight through a multi-omic *** advances,there remains much to learn about human adaptation to spaceflight's unique challenges,including microgravity,immune system perturbations,and radiation *** To provide a detailed genetics analysis of the mission,we collected dried blood spots pre-,during,and post-flight for DNA *** length was measured by quantitative PCR,while whole genome and cfDNA sequencing provided insight into genomic stability and immune adaptations.A robust bioinformatic pipeline was used for data analysis,including variant calling to assess mutational *** Telomere elongation occurred during spaceflight and shortened after return to ***-free DNA analysis revealed increased immune cell signatures *** significant clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential(CHIP)or whole-genome instability was *** long-term gene expression changes across immune cells suggested cellular adaptations to the space environment persisting months *** Our findings provide valuable insights into the physiological consequences of short-duration spaceflight,with telomere dynamics and immune cell gene expression adapting to spaceflight and persisting after return to *** sequencing data will serve as a reference point for studying the early development of CHIP in astronauts,an understudied phenomenon as previous studies have focused on career *** study will serve as a reference point for future commercial and non-commercial spaceflight,low Earth orbit(LEO)missions,and deep-space exploration.

关键词： genomes clonal hematopoiesis stability immune mitochondria ribosomes spaceflight

Perceived damage and areas of needed research for wildlife pests of California agriculture

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第3期9卷 265-279页

作者： roger A.BALDWIN Terrell P.SALMON Robert H.schmidt Robert M.TIMM Statewide IPM Program University of California Cooperative ExtensionParlierCAUSA University of California Cooperative Extension San DiegoCAUSA Department of Environment and Society Utah State UniversityLoganUTUSA Hopland Research and Extension Center University of CaliformniaHoplandCAUSA

Many wildife species cause extensive damage to a variety of agricultural commodities in California,with es-timates of damage in the hundreds of millions *** the limited availability of resources to solve all human-wildlife conficts,we should focus management efforts on issues that provide the greatest benefit to ag-ricultural commodities in *** survey provides quantitative data on research needs to better guide future efforts in developing more effective,practical and appropriate methods for managing these *** found that ground squirels,pocket gophers,birds,wild pigs,coyotes and voles were the most common agricul-tural wildlife pest species in *** damage caused by these species could be quite high,but varied by agricultural *** most species,common forms of damage included loss of crop production and di-rect death of the plant,although livestock depredation was the greatest concern for *** methods used most frequently and those deemed most effective varied by pest species,although greater advancements in control methods were listed as a top research priority for all ***,the use of toxicants,biocon-trol and trapping were the most preferred methods for control,but this varied by *** general,integrated pest management practices were used to control wildlife pests,with a special preference for those approaches that were efficacious and quick and inexpensive to *** information and survey design should be useful in establishing research and management priorities for wildlife pest species in California and other similar re-gions.

关键词： agriculture California human-wildlife conflict integrated pest management survey

Modelling of particle layer detachment—Role of transient kinetic effects

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Particuology 2009年第1期7卷 45-51页

作者： Eberhard schmidt Faculty D-Safety Engineering/Environmental Protection University of WuppertalBuilding FFRainer-Gruenter-StrasseD-42119 WuppertalGermany

Particle layers tend to build up on wails in many filtration and separation processes, calling for periodic removal in order to keep the apparatus running. Important factors are the adhesion of the layer on the substrate and the cohesion of the particles in the layer. Models describing such layer detachment generally assume constant and homogeneous conditions for the forces acting on the layer. But in reality detachment is extremely non-stationary concerning place and time, primarily due to changing conditions of the detaching forces on the one hand and changes in the particle layer morphology on the other. This paper describes a model and a simulation based on this model considering such transient kinetic effects, for which some computing results are presented and discussed.

关键词： Adhesive forces Filter cleanability Dust cake discharge Patchy cleaning