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Present status of aquaculture and the challenge of bacterial diseases in freshwater farmed fish in Tanzania;A call for sustainable strategies

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2021年第3期6卷 247-253页

作者： Alexanda Mzula Philemon N.Wambura robinson h.mdegela Gabriel M.Shirima Department of Global health and Biomedical Sciences School of Life Science and BioengineeringNelson Mandela African Institution of Science and TechnologyArushaTanzania College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Sokoine University of AgricultureMorogoroTanzania

Aquaculture provides significant contributions to household food security,as the capture of wild fish from lakes,dams,and oceans do not meet the current demand for animal protein in *** aquaculture requires well-established regulatory systems and extension services for good pond management practices and maintaining fish health by fish *** farming is practiced widely in Tanzania,from small-to large-scale ponds and these farming systems are moving from extensive normal operations(low input demand)to intensive farming(high input demand).however,the industry is largely still operating at a subsistence level with low *** infections have been occurring in these fish farms and will continue to be an issue of concern into the *** review highlights the current challenges,successes,and prospects towards a sustainable aquaculture industry in Tanzania,including:limited extension services mirroring the limited knowledge by farmers regarding pond management practices;the inadequacy of funds to carry out fish disease research or implement a surveillance system;little expertise in fish disease diagnosis and treatment;and poor management *** minimize disease outbreaks and optimize production in the future,we suggest a strengthening of extension services,augmented with on-farm knowledge *** should be on pond management practices and fish disease management;the creation of a well-functioning fish disease surveillance system;and strengthening collaborative research on aquaculture between the government research institutions and *** small cooperative fish farmer groups within the Aquaculture Association of Tanzania(AAT)for easy access to information is also recommended.

关键词： Bacterial diseases Diagnostic methods Freshwater Farmed fish Challenges Surveillance

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highly efficient and stable organic solar cells with SnO_(2)electron transport layer enabled by UV-curing acrylate oligomers

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 124-131页

作者： Mwende Mbilo Du hyeon Ryu Seungjin Lee Muhammad haris Julius Mwakondo Mwabora robinson Juma Musembi hang Ken Lee Sang Kyu Lee Chang Eun Song Won Suk Shin Department of Physics Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Nairobi(UoN)P.O.Box 30197-00100NairobiKenya Advanced Energy Materials Research Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT)Daejeon 34114Republic of Korea Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering University of Science and Technology(UST)Daejeon 34113Republic of Korea

The interfaces between the inorganic metal oxide and organic photoactive layer are of outmost importance for efficiency and stability in organic solar cells(OSCs).Tin oxide(SnO_(2))is one of the promising candidates for the electron transport layer(ETL)in high-performance inverted *** a solution-processed SnO_(2)ETL is employed,however,the presence of interfacial defects and suboptimal interfacial contact can lower the power conversion efficiency(PCE)and operational stability of ***,highly efficient and stable inverted OSCs by modification of the SnO_(2)surface with ultraviolet(UV)-curable acrylate oligomers(SAR and OCS)are *** highest PCEs of 16.6%and 17.0%are achieved in PM6:Y6-BO OSCs with the SAR and OCS,respectively,outperforming a device with a bare SnO_(2)ETL(PCE 13.8%).The remarkable enhancement of PCEs is attributed to the optimized interfacial contact,leading to mitigated surface *** strikingly,improved light-soaking and thermal stability strongly correlated with the interfacial defects are demonstrated for OSCs based on SnO_(2)/UV cross-linked resins compared to OSCs utilizing bare SnO_(2).We believe that UV cross-linking oligomers will play a key role as interfacial modifiers in the future fabrication of large-area and flexible OSCs with high efficiency and stability.

关键词： Organic solar cells SnO_(2) Surface defects Ultraviolet resins Stability Cross-linking oligomers Non-halogenated solvent

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Global prevalence and gender inequalities in at least 60 min of self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity 1 or more days per week:An analysis with 707,616 adolescents

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2024年第5期13卷 709-716页

作者： Raphael h.O.Araujo AndrúO.Werneck Clarice L.Martins Luciana L.Barboza Rafael M.Tassitano Nicolas Aguilar-Farias Gilmar M.Jesus robinson Ramírez-Véelez Riki Tesler Adewale L.Oyeyemi Ellen C.M.Silva Robert G.Weaver Mark S.Tremblay Javier Brazo-Sayavera Grégore I.Mielke Danilo R.P.Silva Graduation Program in health Sciences Londrina State University(UEL)Londrina 86057-970Brazil Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and health Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthUniversidade de Sao Paulo(USP)Sao Paulo 01246-904Brazil Department of Physical Education Federal University of ParaıbaParaıba 58051-900Brazil Research Centre of Physical Activity Health and LeisureFaculty of SportsLaboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health(ITR)University of PortoPorto 4500Portugal Postgraduate Program in Physical Education University of BrasıliaBrasılia 70910-900Brazil Department of Kinesiology and Community health University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL 61801-3841USA Department of Physical Education Sports and RecreationUniversidad de La FronteraTemuco 4680000Chile Department of health State University of Feira de SantanaFeira de Santana 44036-900Brazil Navarrabiomed Hospital Universitario de Navarra(HUN)Navarra Institute for Health Research(IdiSNA)Universidad Publica de Navarra(UPNA)Pamplona 31006Spain Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca(UCEVA)TuluaValle del Cauca 763022Colombia health Management Department Faculty of Heath sciencesAriel UniversityAriel 40700Israel College of health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA Arnold School of Public health University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research InstituteOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Pediatrics University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of health Sciences Carleton UniversityOttawaON K1S 5B6Canada Department of Sports and Computer Science Universidad Pablo de Olavide(UPO)Seville 41013Spain Centro Universitario Regional Noreste Universidad de la RepublicaRivera 40000Uruguay School of Public health The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4006Australia Department of Physical Education

Background:Guidelines recommend that adolescents should accumulate an average of 60 min per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA).however,using only this cut-off could hide important *** instance,from a population-level point of view,increasing physical activity for those with no or low physical activity could provide more health benefits than increasing physical activity for those with intermediate ***,including a more sensitive cut-point of≥1 days per week could be an additional strategy for identifying those with low access/opportunities for physical activity ***,the current study aims to estimate the prevalence of≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week among adolescents globally,and to describe any relevant gender ***:We used representative datasets from 146 countries/territories collected between 2003 and *** was *** were grouped into younger(≤14 years old)and older(>14 years old)*** Poisson regression models were used to identify the relative differences in≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week between boys and girls,and random-effects meta-analysis models were used to identify the pooled *** were stratified by country and ***:Approximately 80%of both younger and older adolescents reported≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per *** prevalence was≥94%in Europe and Central Asia and North America,while the estimates for the other regions werehe prevalence of≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week was higher among boys than girls,with the largest differences occurring among the oldest adolescents(Prevalence ratio_(≤14y)=1.04(95%confidence interval(95%CI)):1.03-1.04)*** ratio_(>14y)=1.09(95%CI:1.08-1.10)).Conclusion:Approximately 8 out of 10 adolescents reported accumulating≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week,with notable differences between *** differences were observed in several countries,especially among the oldest *** fo

关键词： Global School-based Student health Survey health Behaviour Among School-aged Children survey Inequality Surveillance Youth

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Management factors affecting densities of common grassland birds of high elevation grasslands of eastern South Africa:Ingula as a case study

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Chinese Birds 2017年第1期8卷 37-49页

作者： David h.Maphisa hanneline Smit-robinson Les G.Underhill Res Altwegg South African National Biodiversity Institute Statistics in Ecology Environment and ConservationDepartment of Statistical SciencesUniversity of Cape Town Bird Life South Africa Applied Behavioural Ecological and Ecosystem Research Unit(ABEERU) UNISA Animal Demography Unit Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Cape Town African Climate and Development Initiative University of Cape Town

Background: World?wide grassland birds are in decline due to habitat loss and degradation resulting from inten?sive agricultural practices. Understanding how key grassland habitat attributes determine grassland bird densities is required to make appropriate conservation decisions. We examine drivers of bird densities in a South African grass?land area that has been managed for biodiversity conservation with reduced grazing ***: We estimated the density of the eight most common grassland bird species encountered in our area to evaluate the effects of recent grassland management changes on the avifauna. We collected data on birds and habitat from the austral summers of 2006/2007, 2007/2008 and 2010/2011. We used hierarchical distance sampling methods to estimate density of birds relative to two main habitat variables, i.e., grass cover and height. In addition, we used regression splines within these distance sampling models as a more flexible description of suitable ranges of grass height and cover for each ***: For most species, density is related to grass height and cover as expected. The African Quailfinch(Ortygospiza atricollis) and Common Quail(Coturnix coturnix) preferred relatively short and open grass. The Yellow?breasted Pipit(Anthus chloris), African Pipit(Anthus cinnamomeus) and Red?capped Lark(Calandrella cinerea) preferred short and relatively dense grass, while the Wing?snapping Cisticola(Cisticola ayresii) preferred grass of intermediate height and cover. The Cape Longclaw(Macronyx capensis) and Zitting Cisticola(Cisticola juncidis) preferred tall and dense grass. Our results agree with previous studies that grass height combined with grass cover are the most important habitat features that managers should manipulate in order to increase the density of target species. The regression splines show that the effect of these two habitat variables on density is well described by linear relationships for most ***: This

关键词： Density and detection Grassland birds Grass height and cover hierarchical distance sampling models

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Assessing the biogenicity and syngenicity of candidate bioalteration textures in pillow lavas of the～2.52 Ga Wutai greenstone terrane of China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第2期55卷 188-199页

作者： McLOUGhLIN N FLIEGEL DJ FURNES h STAUDIGEL h SIMONETTI A ZhAO GuoChun robinson P T Department of Earth Science and Center for Geobiology AUegaten 41 Bergen N-5007 Norway Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California La Jolla CA 92093-0225 USA Department of Civil Engieering and Geological Sciences University of Notre Dame Indiana IN46556 USA Department of Earth Sciences The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China Department of Earth Sciences Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia B3H 4J1 Canada

住在 sub-seafloor 熔岩的微生物能够蚀刻暴烈的玻璃并且创造微米大小的隧道和坑。这些 bioalteration 踪迹的矿化作用保证这些质地熬过主人玻璃的变丑和转变到变形矿物质。如此的 bioalteration 质地的石块记录从在原处海洋的外壳在暴... 详细信息

住在 sub-seafloor 熔岩的微生物能够蚀刻暴烈的玻璃并且创造微米大小的隧道和坑。这些 bioalteration 踪迹的矿化作用保证这些质地熬过主人玻璃的变丑和转变到变形矿物质。如此的 bioalteration 质地的石块记录从在原处海洋的外壳在暴烈的玻璃以外远延长从 ophiolites 和前寒武纪的绿岩带包括元暴烈的玻璃。薄节从 N 的 Wutai 组从 2.52 Ga tholeiitic 枕头熔岩这里报导了的 petrographic 的调查。中国成立细丝状微质地。激光拉曼光谱学证实这些质地被 titanite 使矿物化。而且， Wutai 微质地在到从太古代的 greenschist 外形枕头熔岩的 bioalteration 质地的尺寸，形态学和分发是可比较的。在原处，诱导地由激光脱离多收集者 titanite 标明日期的 U-Pb 联合了团 spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS ) 给 1.81 敢 ? 汢獥敳 ? 楷桴的年龄的血浆吗？

关键词：枕状熔岩候选人绿岩带纹理中国电感耦合等离子体质谱五台山地体

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Exploring the tectonostratigraphy of the Pakistan himalaya with new detrital zircon geochronology and neodymium isotope data from the Kaghan Valley

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第6期14卷 117-132页

作者： W.Joel Schiffer Delores M.robinson Shah Faisal harold h.Stowell Department of Geological Sciences and Center for Sedimentary Basin Studies University of AlabamaPO Box 870338TuscaloosaAL 35487USA National Centre of Excellence in Geology University of PeshawarPeshawar 25130Pakistan

In the central himalaya,the Greater and Lesser himalayan tectonostratigraphic zones can be distinguished from each other by combining detrital zircon U-Pb ages and whole-rock Nd isotopic *** the hazara-Kashmir syntaxis of northern Pakistan,rock units in the Kaghan valley have been variously assigned to the Tethyan,Greater,and Lesser himalayan *** determine which tectonostratigraphic zones are represented,we sampled across the Batal thrust in the northern Kaghan valley because this structure is identified in some research as the Main Central *** from the footwall yield Paleo-to Mesoproterozoic maximum depositional ages(-1.8-1.1 Ga)and an averageεNd(0)value *** from the hanging wall yield Neoproterozoic maximum depositional ages(~1000-600 Ma)andεNd(0)values *** contrasting detrital zircon ages show that the Batal thrust in the Kaghan valley is a major structural ***,these data lack the characteristic detrital zircon age spectra andεNd(0)values of Greater and Lesser himalayan rocks north and south of the Main Central thrust in the central himalaya,***,either the Batal thrust is not the Main Central thrust,or the Main Central thrust in the Kaghan valley cuts a different structural level and carries rock units not seen outside the hazara-Kashmir syntaxis.

关键词： Pakistan himalaya Tectonostratigraphy Main Central thrust Detrital zircon geochronology Neodymium isotopes

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SARS-CoV-2 infection of monocytes:balancing acts of antibodies and inflammasomes

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第8期7卷 2668-2669页

作者： R.Camille Brewer William h.robinson Tobias V.Lanz Division of Immunology and Rheumatology Department of MedicineStanford University School of Medicine269 Campus DriveStanfordCA 94305USA Geriatric Research Educationand Clinical Centers(GRECC)VA Palo Alto Health Care System3801 Miranda AvePalo AltoCA 94304USA

In a recent study in Nature,Junqueira et *** evidence that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infects human monocytes and lung macrophages.1 The infection is antibody-mediated via Fc-receptors(FcγRs),and activates NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes,which in turn induce pyroptosis and halt viral *** monocytes secrete the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and IL-18,which contribute to systemic inflammation and severe coronavirus disease 19(COVID-19)(Fig.1).

关键词： NLRP3 monocytes infection

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Quantifying cold front induced water transport of a bay with in situ observations using manned and unmanned boats

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2018年第11期37卷 1-7页

作者： WEEKS Eddie robinson Mark E LI Chunyan Coastal Studies Institute Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences Louisiana State University Department of Geography and Anthropology Louisiana State University

The generation of high-resolution data is increasingly important in understanding the complexities of coastal ocean and developing sound management strategies, especially in view of the long-term impact of severe weather systems. The impact of severe weather systems, when integrated over time, can be significant when compared with tidal oscillations. This paper presents a study of water transport out of Vermilion Bay in response to a short, intense event associated with a passing atmospheric cold front, and reports the application of an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler （ADCP） mounted on an Automated Surface Craft （ASC）, known as the auto-boat or unmanned boat, developed in our lab at the Louisiana State University, to generate high resolution data accurately at a fraction of the cost of a manned boat. In our study, we used a manned boat and an unmanned boat, each for over 24 h to cover an entire diurnal tidal cycle, to measure flow velocity profiles to calculate the total transport. A stationary ADCP was deployed in the Southwest Pass of the Vermilion Bay from May 2009 to April 2012, providing data almost continuously （with only one major gap）, with a 717-day record of water transport between the northern Gulf of Mexico and Vermilion Bay, and demonstrates the importance of the pass in water transport.

关键词： cold fronts unmanned boat Vermillion Bay Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler surveys regression on transport

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Exploration of channel width scaling and edge states in transition metal dichalcogenides

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Nano Research 2018年第4期11卷 1768-1774页

作者： Feng Zhang Chia-hui Lee Joshua A. robinson Joerg Appenzeller Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Brick Nanotechnology Center Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA

We explore the impact of edge states in three types of transition metal dichalcogenides （TMDs）, namely metallic Td-phase WTe2 and semiconducting 2h-phase MoTe2 and MoS2, by patterning thin flakes into ribbons with varying channel widths. No obvious charge depletion at the edges is observed for any of these three materials, in contrast to observations made for graphene nanoribbon devices. The semiconducting ribbons are characterized in a three-terminal field-effect transistor （FET） geometry. In addition, two ribbon array designs have been carefully investigated and found to exhibit current levels higher than those observed for conventional one-channel devices. Our results suggest that device structures incorporating a high number of edges can improve the performance of TMD FETs. This improvement is attributed to a higher local electric field, resulting from the edges, increasing the effective number of charge carriers, and the absence of any detrimental edge-related scattering.

关键词： two-dimensional (2D)-layered materials edge states WTe2 MoTe2 MoS2 channel width scaling

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Functional group resolved NMR relaxation of 3-carbon adsorbates in mesoporous alumina

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Magnetic Resonance Letters 2023年第3期3卷 248-255,I0004页

作者： Neil robinson Carmine D’Agostino Michael LJohns Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayPerthWA 6009Australia Department of Chemical Engineering The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM139PLUK Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile ChimicaAmbientale e Dei Materiali(DICAM)Alma Mater Studiorum e Universita di BolognaVia Terracini28Bologna40131Italy

NMR relaxation analysis provides a unique and non-invasive probe of fluid dynamics within porous materials,and may be applied to the interpretation of a wide variety of material and interfacial ***,we report two-dimensional^(1)h T_(1)-T_(2)relaxation correlation measurements of a range of three-carbon adsorbates(1-propanol,2-propanol and propanoic acid)imbibed within the mesoporous metal oxide *** data,acquired across field strengths of 2 Mhz,12.7 Mhz and 43 Mhz,clearly reveal two populations in each measurement,identified as the alkyl and hydroxyl moieties of each *** results expand the range of materials in which such functional group resolved relaxation is known to occur,and demonstrate the clear persistence of such phenomena using a range of typical benchtop NMR systems employed to study fluid-saturated porous media.

关键词： NMR relaxation Adsorption Porous media Low-field NMR

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