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Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans accurately predict differing body fat content in live sheep

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第1期10卷 248-253页

作者： David W Miller Ellen j Bennett joanne L harrison Fiona Anderson Clare L Adam School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC) Peter Wilson Building The Faculty of Health University of Tasmania School of Biological Sciences University of Aberdeen Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health University of Aberdeen

Background: There is considerable interest in implementing mobile scanning technology for on-farm body composition analysis on live *** experiments evaluated the use of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA) as an accurate method of total body fat measurement in live ***: In Exp.1,visceral and whole body fat analysis was undertaken in sheep with body condition scores(BCS)in the range 2 to 3.25(scale 1: thin to 5: fat).The relationship of BCS was moderately correlated with visceral fat depot mass(r = 0.59,P 0.05,n = 9).There was a moderate correlation between DXA body fat and BCS(r = 0.70,P < 0.01,n = 17),and DXA body fat was highly correlated with chemical body fat(r = 0.81,P < 0.001,n = 9).In Exp.3,a series of five DXA scans,at 8-week intervals,was performed on growing sheep over a 32-week *** average BCS ranged from 2.39 ± 0.07(S.E.M.) to 3.05 ± 0.11 and the DXA body fat(%) ranged from 16.8 ± 0.8 to 24.2 ± *** was a moderate correlation between DXA body fat and BCS over the 32 weeks(r = 0.61,P < 0.001,n = 24).Conclusions: Overall,these experiments indicated that there was good agreement between BCS,DXA and chemical analysis for measuring total body fat in sheep,and that DXA scanning is a valid method for longitudinal measurement of total body fat in live sheep.

关键词： BCS DEXA Fat Leptin Longitudinal Sheep

Wild rice research: Advancing plant science and food security

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Molecular Plant 2022年第4期15卷 563-565页

作者： robert j.Henry Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

Rice was domesticated in Asia(Oryza sativa)and Africa(Oryza glaberrima)from Oryza rufipogon and Oryza bathii,*** Oryza genus has a pantropical *** genetic diversity in Oryza provides an extensive gene pool to adapt rice to climate change and address future food *** primary gene pool of domesticated rice includes species that are readily accessible for rice breeding due to ease of crossing,while more distant species are also sources of useful genes that can be recovered with greater difficulty(Figure 1).Advances in genomics and gene editing provide a path for use of this wider *** of Oryza species also offer potential insights into rice biology that may be critical for ongoing rice food security.

关键词： sativa Oryza breeding

Spatio-temporal variation in childhood growth in Nigeria:a comparison of aggregation and interpolation

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International journal of Digital Earth 2017年第11期10卷 1166-1176页

作者： Elise Hellwig robert j.Hijmans Environmental Science and Policy University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCAUSA

The mean height-for-age Z-score(HAZ)of children under five is an important indicator of the health status of a *** values are frequently aggregated and reported at the national level,potentially obscuring important within-country *** evaluated aggregation and interpolation methods to provide sub-national estimates over space and time,using survey data from Nigeria in 1990,2003,2008,and *** aggregated HAZ values by region and by state,and interpolated the values spatially and spatio-temporally using thin plate *** results were evaluated with cross-validation using the root mean squared error(RMSE)as a measure of goodness of *** HAZ values increased from 1990 to 2013,but values rose more sharply in southern Nigeria than in the *** methods performed better than assuming a constant national *** state-level aggregation,and the spatial and spatio-temporal interpolations had similar RMSE values,but the interpolation methods showed more detailed spatial ***-temporal interpolation produced good results in all conditions,including in years with sparse sampling and when extrapolating to years for which there were no observations.

关键词： Height-for-age health surveys DHS prediction stunting

Recovery of spermatogenesis following testosterone replacement therapy or anabolic-androgenic steroid use

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Asian journal of Andrology 2016年第3期18卷 373-380,I0007页

作者： j Abram McBride robert M Coward Department of Urology University of North Carolina School of Medicine Chapel Hill NC 27599-7235 USA.

The use of testosterone replacement therapy （TRT） for hypogonadism continues to rise, particularly in younger men who may wish to remain fertile. Concurrently, awareness of a more pervasive use of anabolic-androgenic steroids （AAS） within the general population has been appreciated. Both TRT and AAS can suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal （HPG） axis resulting in diminution of spermatogenesis. Therefore, it is important that clinicians recognize previous TRT or AAS use in patients presenting for infertility treatment. Cessation of TRT or AAS use may result in spontaneous recovery of normal spermatogenesis in a reasonable number of patients if allowed sufficient time for recovery. However, some patients may not recover normal spermatogenesis or tolerate waiting for spontaneous recovery. In such cases, clinicians must be aware of the pathophysiologic derangements of the HPG axis related to TRT or AAS use and the pharmacologic agents available to reverse them. The available agents include injectable gonadotropins, selective estrogen receptor modulators, and aromatase inhibitors, but their off-label use is poorly described in the literature, potentially creating a knowledge gap for the clinician. Reviewing their use clinically for the treatment of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and other HPG axis abnormalities can familiarize the clinician with the manner in which they can be used to recover spermatogenesis after TRT or AAS use.

关键词： anabolic steroids hypogonadism infertility spermatogenesis testosterone testosterone replacement therapy vasectomy reversal

On the numerical analysis of bed-load transport of saltating grains

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International journal of Sediment Research 2013年第3期28卷 413-420页

作者： robert j.BIALIK Wlodzimierz CZERNUSZENKO Emeritus Department of Hydrology and Hydrodynamics Institute of GeophysicsPolish Academy of SciencesKs.Janusza 6401-452 WarsawPoland

The focus of this paper is on the analysis of the influence of particles' velocity distribution and their concentration on the sediment transport rate in bed-load from the Lagrangian *** aims are addressed by use of the relevant Lagrangian model of spherical saltating particles in which turbulence plays a significant *** Monte Carlo approach is employed in the simulations to obtain the velocity and concentration of the saltating *** simulations using two saltating particle models:(1) with;and(2) without particle-particle collisions are carried *** on the numerical results,we address the hypothesis that instead of averaged characteristics,the distributions of particles' velocity and sediment concentration should be taken into account in the calculation of sediment transport ***,our results also show that the interaction between particles during their collisions is the key for better understanding of the physics of sediment *** results are compared with well-known experimental formulae ***-Peter and Muller and Fernandez Luque and van Beek.

关键词： Bed-load transport Lagrangian approach Inter-particle collisions Saltation Sediment concentration

Access to biodiversity for food production:Reconciling open access digital sequence information with access and benefit sharing

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Molecular Plant 2021年第5期14卷 701-704页

作者： Brad Sherman robert j.Henry ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture BrisbaneQLD 4072Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Synthetic Biology University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

CHALLENGES TO EXiSTING LEGAL SCHEMES Over the last 40 years or so,a complex web of international legal agreements was developed that regulate the access,transfer,and use of plant genetic *** include the Convention on ... 详细信息

关键词： Access Figure legal

Fluorescence Enhancement Ratio Dropdown at Low Fluences during Femtosecond Double Pulse Laser Ablation

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Chinese Physics Letters 2008年第7期25卷 2653-2656页

作者： Sima SINGHA robert j. GORDON 胡湛 Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics Jilin University Changchun 130021 Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago Illinois 60607-7061 USA

In the study of double pulse ablation of materials （silicon and copper）, a dropdown of double pulse to single pulse fluorescence signal enhancement at low fluences is observed. The dropdown is analysed with a simple theoretical one-dimensional heat diffusion model and verified by fluorescence time constants change as a function of fluence. The dropdown is explained as a result of liquid-solid mixture layer at the liquid and solid boundary. The effect of the layer becomes important at low fluences.

关键词： the power-law exponents precipitation durative abrupt precipitation change

The impact of macroalgae on mean and turbulent flow fields

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journal of Hydrodynamics 2015年第3期27卷 427-435页

作者： THOMAS robert E. MCLELLAND Stuart j. Department of Geography Environment and Earth Sciences University of Hull

In this paper, we attempt to quantify the mean and turbulent flow fields around live macroalgae within a tidal inlet in Norway. Two Laminaria digitata specimens - 0.50 m apart were selected for detailed study and a profiling ADV was used to collect 45 velocity profiles, each composed of up to seven 0.035 m-high profiles collected for 240 s at 100 Hz, at a streamwise spacing of 0.25 m and cross-stream spacing of 0.20 m. To quantify the impact of the macroalgae, measurements were repeated over a sparser grid after the region had been completely cleared of algae and major roughness elements.

关键词： dealiasing laminaria digitata turbulence vectrino profiler velocity profile

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长壁法采煤粉尘的控制

工业安全与防尘 1990年第9期16卷 40-43页

作者： robert A.jankowsk i Fred N.K issell j.harrison Dan ie l 刘后金

1960年以来,美国煤矿用长壁法采煤的持续增加。已有108种开采方法。长壁开采法的优点是,生产效率比较高,能提高安全性,煤的回收率较高。但是,呼吸性粉尘危害严重影响了长壁法采煤的全面推广。从1980年起,美国矿业局开始研究控制长壁采... 详细信息

1960年以来,美国煤矿用长壁法采煤的持续增加。已有108种开采方法。长壁开采法的优点是,生产效率比较高,能提高安全性,煤的回收率较高。但是,呼吸性粉尘危害严重影响了长壁法采煤的全面推广。从1980年起,美国矿业局开始研究控制长壁采煤工作面作业人员接触呼吸性粉尘的有效方法。研究表明,几种控制方法联合使用能更好地控制尘源。这些方法包括减少粉尘的产生,稀释粉尘,捕尘或降尘,以及个体防护。一、控制粉尘的方法 1.截煤机清洁器某些设计不合理的安装在截煤机上的喷雾装置,其喷咀喷出的雾正对着进风侧滚筒的截割和装载区域,把粉尘带离工作面和滚筒,与清洁的进风混合(图1a)。

关键词：长壁法采煤粉尘控制