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A cytochrome c551 mediates the cyclic electron transport chain of the anoxygenic phototrophic bacterium Roseiflexus castenholzii

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Plant Communications 2024年第2期5卷 79-93页

作者： Lu Yu Zhenzhen Min Menghua Liu Yueyong Xin Aokun Liu Jian Kuang Wenping Wu Jingyi Wu Huimin He Jiyu Xin robert EBlankenship Changlin Tian Xiaoling Xu Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Basic Medical Sciences and Affiliated HospitalKey Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121China High Magnetic Field Laboratory Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Photosynthesis Research Center College of Life and Environmental SciencesHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121China The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Division of Life Sciences and MedicineCenter for Bioanalytical ChemistryHefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at MicroscaleUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Departments of Biology and Chemistry Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63130USA

Roseiflexus castenholzii is a gram-negativefilamentous phototrophic bacterium that carries out anoxygenic photosynthesis through a cyclic electron transport chain(ETC).The ETC is composed of a reaction center(RC)–light-harvesting(LH)complex(rcRC–LH);an alternative complex III(rcACIII),which functionally re-places the cytochrome bc1/b6f complex;and the periplasmic electron acceptor auracyanin(rcAc).Although compositionally and structurally different from the bc1/b6f complex,rcACIII plays similar essential roles in oxidizing menaquinol and transferring electrons to the ***,rcACIII-mediated electron transfer(which includes both an intraprotein route and a downstream route)has not been clearly elucidated,nor have the details of cyclic ***,we identify a previously unknown monoheme cytochrome c(cyt c551)as a novel periplasmic electron acceptor of *** reduces the light-excited rcRC–LH to complete a cyclic *** also reveal the molecular mechanisms involved in the ETC using electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR),spectroelectrochemistry,and enzymatic and structural *** that electrons released from rcACIII-oxidized menaquinol are transferred to two alternative periplasmic electron acceptors(rcAc and cyt c551),which eventually reduce the rcRC to form the complete cyclic *** work serves as a foundation for further studies of ACIII-mediated electron transfer in anoxygenic photosynthesis and broadens our under-standing of the diversity and molecular evolution of prokaryotic ETCs.

关键词： cytochrome c menaquinol oxidoreductase electron transport chain electron paramagnetic reso-nance light-harvesting complex

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Sleep as a window to understand and regulate Alzheimer's disease:emerging roles of thalamic reticular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1711-1712页

作者： Haoqi Sun Shiqian Shen robert J.Thomas M.Brandon Westover Can Zhang Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Center for Translational Pain Research Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetis General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Genetics and Aging Research Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMass General Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction:Alzheimer 's disease(AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder and the primary cause of dementia. Considerable evidence supports the “amyloid hypothesis,” stating that the pathogenesis of AD is primarily caused by the deposition of amyloid-β(Aβ), which drives tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in the brain. The amyloid hypothesis is strengthened by the significant and moderate benefit of lecanemab, a humanized antibody through an anti-amyloid mechanism,showing slowed clinical decline(van Dyck et al.,2023). The recent positive results of anti-amyloid trials have brought back focus on the amyloid hypothesis through biochemical, genetic, and pharmacological approaches(Zhang, 2023).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation hypothesis

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Nitrate reduction capacity of the oral microbiota is impaired in periodontitis:potential implications for systemic nitric oxide availability

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第1期16卷 52-61页

作者： Bob T.Rosier William Johnston Miguel Carda-Diéguez Annabel Simpson Elena Cabello-Yeves Krystyna Piela robert Reilly Alejandro Artacho Chris Easton Mia Burleigh Shauna Culshaw Alex Mira Department of Genomics and Health FISABIO FoundationCenter for Advanced Research in Public HealthValenciaSpain Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences Glasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgowUK Oral Sciences University of Glasgow Dental SchoolSchool of MedicineDentistry and NursingCollege of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute University of the West of ScotlandBlantyreScotland Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(IBV-CSIC)ValenciaSpain CIBER Center for Epidemiology and Public Health MadridSpain

The reduction of nitrate to nitrite by the oral microbiota has been proposed to be important for oral health and results in nitric oxide formation that can improve cardiometabolic conditions. Studies of bacterial composition in subgingival plaque suggest that nitrate-reducing bacteria are associated with periodontal health, but the impact of periodontitis on nitrate-reducing capacity(NRC)and, therefore, nitric oxide availability has not been evaluated. The current study aimed to evaluate how periodontitis affects the NRC of the oral microbiota. First, 16S rRNA sequencing data from five different countries were analyzed, revealing that nitratereducing bacteria were significantly lower in subgingival plaque of periodontitis patients compared with healthy individuals(P < 0.05 in all five datasets with n = 20–82 samples per dataset). Secondly, subgingival plaque, saliva, and plasma samples were obtained from 42 periodontitis patients before and after periodontal treatment. The oral NRC was determined in vitro by incubating saliva with 8 mmol/L nitrate(a concentration found in saliva after nitrate-rich vegetable intake) and compared with the NRC of 15healthy individuals. Salivary NRC was found to be diminished in periodontal patients before treatment(P < 0.05) but recovered to healthy levels 90 days post-treatment. Additionally, the subgingival levels of nitrate-reducing bacteria increased after treatment and correlated negatively with periodontitis-associated bacteria(P < 0.01). No significant effect of periodontal treatment on the baseline saliva and plasma nitrate and nitrite levels was found, indicating that differences in the NRC may only be revealed after nitrate intake. Our results suggest that an impaired NRC in periodontitis could limit dietary nitrate-derived nitric oxide levels, and the effect on systemic health should be explored in future studies.

关键词： impaired intake nitrate

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Improving a Patient’s CVD Risk Assessment—Updating the Interpretation of the Lipid Profile

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第9期14卷 515-520页

作者： David S. Schade Allen Adolphe robert Philip Eaton Department of Internal Medicine University of New Mexico Health Sciences Albuquerque USA Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine University of New Mexico Albuquerque USA

The lipid profile remains an important laboratory assessment to prevent cardiovascular disease. Interpretation of the non-fasting lipid profile has significantly changed based on new information concerning the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In particular, the assessment of risk from cholesterol containing particles following triglyceride metabolism (termed remnant cholesterol) can now be done from a lipid profile. In addition, non-HDL cholesterol as calculated from the lipid profile will provide a complete assessment of total circulating cholesterol containing particles. Furthermore, the formula for measurement of LDL cholesterol from a lipid profile has now been revised so that triglyceride levels exert less interference. Finally, the old concept that the “higher the HDL-c, the better” is no longer tenable. New data indicate that the optimal high density lipoprotein level is below 100 mg/dl for both male and female patients. Correct interpretation of the lipid profile will optimize anti-atherosclerotic therapy and reduce the number one cause of death in the United States.

关键词： Lipid Profile Atherosclerotic Risk Cardiovascular Disease High Density Lipoprotein Low Density Lipoprotein

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Functional mechanism study of the allelochemical myrigalone A identifies a group of ultrapotent inhibitors of ethylene biosynthesis in plants

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Plant Communications 2024年第6期5卷 246-262页

作者： George Heslop-Harrison Kazumi Nakabayashi Ana Espinosa-Ruiz Francesca robertson robert Baines Christopher R.L.Thompson Katrin Hermann David Alabadí Gerhard Leubner-Metzger Robin S.B.Williams Centre for Biomedical Sciences Department of Biological SciencesRoyal Holloway University of LondonEgham TW200EXUK Centre for Plant Molecular Sciences Department of Biological SciencesRoyal Holloway University of LondonEgham TW200EXUK Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas(CSIC-UPV) 46022 ValenciaSpain Centre for Life’s Origins and Evolution Department of GeneticsEvolution and EnvironmentUniversity College LondonLondonUK Syngenta Crop Protection AGSteinSwitzerland

Allelochemicals represent a class of natural products released by plants as root,leaf,and fruit exudates that interfere with the growth and survival of neighboring *** how allelochemicals function to regulate plant responses may provide valuable new approaches to better control plant *** such allelochemical,Myrigalone A(MyA)produced by Myrica gale,inhibits seed germination and seedling growth through an unknown ***,we investigate MyA using the tractable modelDictyostelium discoideum and reveal that its activity depends on the conserved homolog of the plant ethylenesynthesis protein 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase(ACO).Furthermore,in silico modeling predicts the direct binding of MyA to ACO within the catalytic *** ***,ablation of ACO mimics the MyA-dependent developmental delay,which is partially restored by exogenous ethylene,and MyA reduces ethylene *** Arabidopsis thaliana,MyA treatment delays seed germination,and this effect is rescued by exogenous *** also mimics the effect of established ACO inhibitors on root and hypocotyl extension,blocks ethylenedependent root hair production,and reduces ethylene ***,in silico binding analyses identify a rangeof highlypotentethylene inhibitorsthatblock ethylene-dependent responseand reduce ethyleneproduction in ***,we demonstrate a molecular mechanism by which the allelochemical MyA reduces ethylene biosynthesis and identify a range of ultrapotent inhibitors of ethylene-regulated responses.

关键词： 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid ACC ACC oxidase ACO allelochemicals ethylene synthesis inhibitors structure-activity relationship

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Subpopulations of regulatory T cells are associated with subclinical atherosclerotic plaques,levels of LDL,and cardiorespiratory fitness in the elderly

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 288-296,I0002页

作者： Tim Böttrich Pascal Bauer Vincent Gröβer Magdalena Huber Hartmann Raifer Torsten Frech Svenja Nolte Theresa Dombrowski Franz Cemic Natascha Sommer robert Ringseis Klaus Eder Karsten Krüger Christopher Weyh Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy Institute of Sports ScienceJustus-Liebig-UniversityGiessen 35394Germany Department of Cardiology and Angiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen 35392Germany Institute for Systems Immunology Center for Tumor und ImmunologyMarburg 35032Germany TH Mittelhessen Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of Applied Sciences GiessenGiessen 35390Germany Department of Internal Medicine Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center(UGMLC)Member of the German Center for Lung Research(DZL)Giessen 35394Germany Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute(CPI) Justus-Liebig UniversityGiessen 35394Germany Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen 35390Germany

Background:Atherosclerosis forms the pathological basis for the development of cardiovascular *** pathological processes initially develop without clinically relevant symptoms,the identification of early markers in the subclinical stage plays an important role for initiating early *** is evidence that regulatory T cells(Tregs)are involved in the development of ***,the present study aimed to identify and investigate associations with Tregs and their subsets in a cohort of healthy elderly individuals with and without subclinical atherosclerotic plaques(SAP).In addition,various lifestyle and risk factors,such as cardiorespiratory fitness,were investigated as associated ***:A cross-sectional study was performed in 79 participants(male:n=50;age=63.6±3.7 years;body mass index=24.9±3.1 kg/m2;mean±SD)who had no previous diagnosis of chronic disease and were not taking *** of the carotids to identify SAP,cardiovascular function measurement for vascular assessment and a cardiorespiratory fitness test to determine peak oxygen uptake were ***,tests were conducted to assess blood lipids and determine glucose *** of Tregs and their subtypes(resting(rTregs)and effector/memory(mTregs))was performed by 8-chanel flow *** were categorized according to atherosclerotic plaque *** and logistic regression models were used to analyze associations between ***:SAP was detected in a total of 29 *** participants with plaque were older(64.8±3.6 years vs.62.9±3.5 years)and had higher peripheral systolic blood pressure(133.8±14.7 mmHg vs.125.8±10.9 mmHg).The participants with SAP were characterized by a lower percentage of rTregs(28.8%±10.7%vs.34.6%±10.7%)and a higher percentage of mTregs(40.3%±14.7%vs.30.0%±11.9%).Multiple logistic regression identified age(odds ratio(OR)=1.20(95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.011.42))and

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness Elderly Regulatory T cells Subclinical atherosclerosis

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The transcriptional landscape of the developmental switch from regular pollen maturation towards microspore-derived plant regeneration in barley

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The Crop Journal 2024年第4期12卷 1064-1080页

作者： Anna Nowicka Martin Kovacik Anna Maksylewicz Przemysław Kopec Ewa Dubas Monika Krzewska Agnieszka Springer robert E.Hoffie Diaaeldin S.Daghma Zbynek Milec Ales Pecinka Jochen Kumlehn Iwona Zur The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology Polish Academy of Sciences Niezapominajek 2130-239 KrakówPoland Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences Centre of Plant Structural and Functional GenomicsŠlechtitelu3177900 OlomoucCzech Republic Department of Cell Biology and Genetics Faculty of SciencePalacky UniversityŠlechtitelu°2777900 OlomoucCzech Republic Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology Jagiellonian University30-387 KrakówPoland Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research(IPK)Gatersleben Corrensstraße 306466 Stadt SeelandGermany Institute for Breeding Research on Horticultural Crops Julius Kühn Institute(JKI)-Federal Research Centre for Cultivated PlantsErwin-Baur Straße 2706484 QuedlinburgGermany Global Change Research Institute Czech Academy of Sciences Beˇlidla 986/4a60300 BrnoCzech Republic

Plant formation from in vitro-cultivated microspores involves a complex network of internal and environmental ***/doubled haploids(DHs)derived from in vitro-cultured microspores are widely used in plant breeding and genetic ***,the mechanism underlying the developmental switch from regular pollen maturation towards microspore-derived plant regeneration remains poorly ***,RNA-sequencing was employed to elucidate the transcriptional landscapes of four early stages of microspore embryogenesis(ME)in barley cultivars Golden Promise and Igri,which exhibit contrasting responsiveness to microspore-derived plant *** experiments revealed fundamental regulatory networks,specific groups of genes,and transcription factor(TF)families potentially regulating the developmental *** identified a set of candidate genes crucial for genotype-dependent responsiveness/recalcitrance to *** high-resolution temporal transcriptome atlas provides an important resource for future functional studies on the genetic control of microspore developmental transition.

关键词： Hordeum vulgare Marker gene Microspore embryogenesis Stress response Transcriptome analysis

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Alzheimer's disease and low-dose radiation therapy:A new hope

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Radiation Medicine and Protection 2024年第1期5卷 1-6页

作者： Neal E.Dunlap robert P.Friedland Lu Cai Department of Radiation Oncology University of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202USA Department of Neurology The University of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202USA Pediatric Research Institute Departments of PediatricsPharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKY40202USA

The concept of low-dose radiation(LDR)-induced hormetic responses was initially observed approximately 70 years ago and systematically reviewed along with the discovery of LDR-induced adaptive responses in a cytogenetic in vitro study in *** the end of the 1990s,discussions regarding the potential applications of LDRinduced hormesis and adaptive responses for preventing or treating chronic diseases,such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)had taken *** 2016,reports on radiotherapy for the subjects with AD and for genetic AD model mice were ***,several preclinical studies with animal models of AD and clinical studies in AD subjects were conducted.A significant milestone was achieved with the online availability of a new Systematic Review based on qualified publications from these preclinical and clinical *** mini-review provides a concise historical introduction to LDR-induced hormesis and adaptive responses with discussion of AD radiotherapy with either LDR or relatively high dose *** of this Systematic Review cover promising outcomes,challenges,and new questions,followed by discussion of potential mechanisms.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Low-dose radiation Radiation adaptive response Radiation hormesis

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透空结构与半潜式风机集成系统耦合运动响应特性分析

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哈尔滨工程大学学报（英文版） 2024年第2期23卷 491-505页

作者：姚一晟 robert Mayon 周宇朱祎宁德志 State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Dalian Key Laboratory of Offshore Renewable Energy Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Powerchina Zhongnan Engineering Corporation Limited Changsha 410000China

A novel semi-submersible platform is proposed for 5 MW wind *** concept focuses on an integrated system formed by combining porous shells with a semi-submersible platform.A coupled aerodynamic–hydrodynamic–mooring analysis of the new system is *** motion responses of the novel platform system and the traditional platform are *** differences in hydrodynamic performance between the two platforms are also *** influence of the geometric parameters(porosity,diameter,and wall thickness)of porous shells on the motion response behavior of the new system is ***,the new semi-submersible platform exhibits superior stability in terms of pitch and heave degrees of freedom,demonstrating minimal effects on the motion response in the surge degree of freedom.

关键词： Semi-submersible platform Porous shells OC4-DeepCwind Motion response Hydrodynamic parameters Porous shells’geometric parameters

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National Social Investment Programmes in Nigeria:A Descriptive Analysis of the Socio-Economic Contributions of N-Power Programme in Benue State

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Management Studies 2024年第1期12卷 9-20页

作者： robert Idoko Ogwola Dennis Anyebe Olofu Charles Amobi Aneke Federal University GashuaNigeria National Council for Arts and Culture Garki-AbujaNigeria

This study analysed the socio-economic contributions of N-Power programme amongst the beneficiaries of the scheme in Benue *** to the introduction of N-Power programme,successive administrations in Nigeria have made concerted efforts towards improving the standard of living of the citizenry through the execution of various welfare or social intervention programmes,but not much successes were *** from the mistakes of the past regimes,and by way of deliberate state policy,the Buhari’s government initiated a multi-pronged social investment policy,one of which is the N-power programme that came onboard in 2016,which also doubles as the subject of this *** achieve the goal of this study,a combination of desktop research and survey design was *** were administered to 390 respondents through a combination of stratified and random sampling *** results of the survey were matched with that of the secondary data obtained through online websites and other related *** result indicated that N-Power made positive contributions to the socio-economic life of the beneficiaries in Benue State:specifically,the scheme contributed in poverty eradication,employment generation,skills acquisitions and capacity ***,some aspect of our findings revealed that the programme has a number of challenges such as:inadequate cash support,delay in monthly cash transfer to beneficiaries,distance participants had to move to their work stations,absence of posting in N-Teach scheme,and lack of adequate working tools amongst *** salvage this problem the paper recommended the following solutions:expansion of the scheme to cover N-Teach and other aspects,increment in the monthly cash transfer to cushion the high rate of inflation,support for the participants/beneficiaries in transportation and logistics,enrolment of more youth into the various schemes,proper monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the schemes among

关键词： national social investment programme N-Power contributions socio-economic development

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