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Nickel oxide thin films grown by chemical deposition techniques: Potential and challenges in next-generation rigid and flexible device applications

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InfoMat 2021年第5期3卷 536-576页

作者： Mari Napari Tahmida N.Huq robert l.z.hoye Judith l.MacManus-Driscoll Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of CambridgeCambridgeUK Centre for Electronics Frontiers Zepler Institute for Photonics and NanoelectronicsUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK Department of Materials Imperial College LondonLondonUK

Nickel oxide(NiOx),a p-type oxide semiconductor,has gained significant attention due to its versatile and tunable *** has become one of the critical materials in wide range of electronics applications,including resistive switching random access memory devices and highly sensitive and selective sensor *** addition,the wide band gap and high work function,coupled with the low electron affinity,have made NiOx widely used in emerging optoelectronics and p-n *** properties of NiOx thin films depend strongly on the deposition method and *** implementation of NiOx in next-generation devices will require controllable growth and processing methods that can tailor the morphological and electronic properties of the material,but which are also compatible with flexible *** this review,we link together the fundamental properties of NiOx with the chemical processing methods that have been developed to grow the material as thin films,and with its application in electronic *** focus solely on thin films,rather than NiOx incorporated with one-dimensional or two-dimensional *** review starts by discussing how the p-type nature of NiOx arises and how its stoichiometry affects its electronic and magnetic *** discuss the chemical deposition techniques for growing NiOx thin films,including chemical vapor deposition,atomic layer deposition,and a selection of solution processing approaches,and present examples of recent progress made in the implementation of NiOx thin films in devices,both on rigid and flexible ***,we discuss the remaining challenges and limitations in the deposition of device-quality NiOx thin films with chemical growth methods.

关键词： atomic layer deposition chemical vapor deposition electronics nickel oxide solution processing thin films

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large ferro-pyro-phototronic effect in 0.5Ba(zr_(0.2)Ti_(0.8))O_(3)-0.5(Ba_(0.7)Ca_(0.3))TiO_(3)thin films integrated on silicon for photodetection

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Carbon Energy 2023年第6期5卷 1-10页

作者： JoséP.B.Silva Katarzyna Gwozdz luís S.Marques Mario Pereira Maria J.M.Gomes Judith l.MacManus‐Driscoll robert l.z.hoye Centre of Physics of Universities of Minho and Porto(CF‐UM‐UP) University of MinhoBragaPortugal laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies LapMETUniversity of MinhoBragaPortugal Department of Quantum Technologies Faculty of Fundamental Problems of TechnologyWroclaw University of Science and TechnologyWroclawPoland Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy CambridgeUK Inorganic Chemistry laboratory Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Department of Materials Imperial College LondonLondonUK

Coupling together the ferroelectric,pyroelectric,and photovoltaic characteristics within a single material is a novel way to improve the performance of *** this work,we take advantage of the triple multifunctionality shown by 0.5Ba(zr_(0.2)Ti_(0.8))O_(3)-0.5(Ba_(0.7)Ca_(0.3))TiO_(3)(BCzT),as demonstrated in an Al/Si/SiOx/BCzT/ITO thin-film *** Si/SiOx acts as an n-type layer to form a metal-ferroelectric-insulator-semiconductor heterostructure with the BCzT,and with Al and ITO as *** photo-response of the device,with excitation from a violet laser(405 nm wavelength),is carefully investigated,and it is shown that the photodetector performance is invariant with the chopper frequency owing to the pyro-phototronic effect,which corresponds to the coupling together of the pyroelectric and photovoltaic ***,the photodetector performance was significantly better than that of the devices operating based only on the pyro-phototronic effect by a factor of 4,due to the presence of ferroelectricity in the ***,after a poling voltage of−15 V,for a laser power density of 230mW/cm^(2)and at a chopper frequency of 400Hz,optimized responsivity,detectivity,and sensitivity values of 13.1mA/W,1.7×10^(10)Jones,and 26.9,respectively,are ***,ultrafast rise and fall times of 2.4 and 1.5μs,respectively,are obtained,which are 35,000 and 36,000 times faster rise and fall responses,respectively,than previous reports of devices with the ferro-pyro-phototronic *** is understood based on the much faster ferroelectric switching in ferroelectric thin films owing to the predominant 180°domains in a single direction out of plane.

关键词： ferroelectric ferro-pyro-phototronic effect photodetector polarization-controlled response

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Polyethylene glycol has immunoprotective effects on sciatic allografts, but behavioral recovery and graft tolerance require neurorrhaphy and axonal fusion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1192-1206页

作者： Tyler A.Smith liwen zhou Cameron l.Ghergherehchi Michelle Mikesh Cathy z.Yang Haley O.Tucker JuliAnne Allgood Jared S.Bushman George D.Bittner Department of Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of WyomingLaramieWYUSA

Behavioral recovery using(viable)peripheral nerve allografts to repair ablation-type(segmental-loss)peripheral nerve injuries is delayed or poor due to slow and inaccurate axonal ***,such peripheral nerve allografts undergo immunological rejection by the host immune *** contrast,peripheral nerve injuries repaired by polyethylene glycol fusion of peripheral nerve allografts exhibit excellent behavioral recovery within weeks,reduced immune responses,and many axons do not undergo Wallerian *** relative contribution of neurorrhaphy and polyethylene glycol-fusion of axons versus the effects of polyethylene glycol per se was unknown prior to this *** hypothesized that polyethylene glycol might have some immune-protective effects,but polyethylene glycol-fusion was necessary to prevent Wallerian degeneration and functional/behavioral *** examined how polyethylene glycol solutions per se affect functional and behavioral recovery and peripheral nerve allograft morphological and immunological responses in the absence of polyethylene glycol-induced axonal ***-type sciatic nerve injuries in outbred Sprague–Dawley rats were repaired according to a modified protocol using the same solutions as polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,but peripheral nerve allografts were loose-sutured(loose-sutured polyethylene glycol)with an intentional gap of 1–2 mm to prevent fusion by polyethylene glycol of peripheral nerve allograft axons with host *** to negative control peripheral nerve allografts not treated by polyethylene glycol and in contrast to polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,animals with loose-sutured polyethylene glycol peripheral nerve allografts exhibited Wallerian degeneration for all axons and myelin degeneration by 7 days postoperatively and did not recover sciatic-mediated behavioral functions by 42 days *** morphological signs of rejection,such as col

关键词： allograft rejection axotomy macrophage myelin nerve repair polyethylene glycol(PEG) sciatic nerve T cell transplantation Wallerian degeneration

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Towards real-time detection of wastewater in surface waters using fluorescence spectroscopy

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第12期31卷 195-202页

作者： Ye z.Yang Nicolas M.Peleato Raymond l.legge robert C.Andrews Department of Ciuil and Mineral Engineering University of Toronto35 St.George St.TorontoOntario M5S 1A4Canada School of Engineering Uniuersity of British Columbia Okanagan1137 Alwmni AueKeloiunaBritish Columbia V1V 1V7Canada Department of Chemical Engineering University of Waterloo200 University Ave.WWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada

The presence of municipal wastewater at the intake of a major drinking water treatment facility located on lake Ontario was examined using fluorescence data collected during a period of continuous *** addition,controlled mixing of lake water and wastewater sampled from a local treatment facility were conducted using a bench-scale fluorescence system to quantify observed changes in natural organic *** linear regression was applied to components derived from parallel factors *** resulting mean absolute error for predicted wastewater level was 0.22%(V/V,wastewater/lake water),indicating that wastewater detection at below 1.0%(V/V)was *** of sucralose,a wastewater indicator,were conducted for treated wastewater as well as surface water collected at two intake locations on lake *** suggested minimal wastewater contribution at the drinking water intake.A wastewater detection model using a moving baseline was developed and applied to continuous fluorescence data collected at one of the drinking water intakes,which agreed well with sucralose ***,the simulated addition of 1.0%(V/V)of wastewater/wastewater was detectable in 89%of samples analyzed,demonstrating the utility of fluorescence-based wastewater monitoring.

关键词： Excitation emission matrices Parallel factors analysis Natural organic matter Source water monitoring Wastewater impact Water quality assessment

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RElIABIlITY ANAlYSIS FOR AN AERO ENGINE TURBINE DISK UNDER lOW CYClE FATIGUE CONDITION

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2004年第4期17卷 514-520页

作者： C.l.liu z.z.lü Y.l.Xu School of Aviation Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 ChinaSchool of Aviation Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 ChinaChina Aviation Research Institute 608 Zhuzhou 412002 China

Reliability analysis methods based on the linear damage accumulation law (lDAl) and load-life interference model are studied in this paper. According to the equal probability rule, the equivalent loads are derived, and the reliability analysis method based on load-life interference model and recurrence formula is constructed. In conjunction with finite element analysis (FEA) program, the reliability of an aero engine turbine disk under low cycle fatigue (lCF) condition has been analyzed. The results show the turbine disk is safety and the above reliability analysis methods are feasible.

关键词： low cycle fatigue life reliability analysis load-life interference model recurrence method aero engine turbine disk

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RANDOM-FUzzY SAFETY ANAlYSIS FOR AN AERO ENGINE TURBINE DISK

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2004年第4期17卷 509-513页

作者： z.z.lü C.l.liu Y.l.Xu z.F.Yue School of Aviation Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 ChinaSchool of Aviation Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 ChinaChina Aviation Research Institute 608 Zhuzhou 412002 ChinaSchool of Mechanics Civil Engineering and Architecture Northwestern Polytechnic University Xi'an 710072 China

A numerical simulation method is presented for the random-fuzzy safety analysis of an aero engine disk. Based on the equivalent transformation from a fuzzy variable to a random variable, the equivalent random Probability Density Functions(PDFs) are got from their corresponding Fuzzy Possibility Distributions(FPDs) for the fuzzy variables. In that case the perfect numerical simulation method for the random uncertainty is employed to solve the fuzzy uncertainty. For the complex structure such as the aero engine disk with implicit relationship between the input basic variable and the response variable, the equivalent PDFs of the input basic variables are delivered simultaneously to the response variable by an empirical PDF, which is simulated by Finite Element Method(FEM). Then, in view of the fuzzy application requirement occurring in engineering usually, the reliability definition and calculation are discussed for the aero engine disk with multiple fuzzy failure modes. On the other hand, through the inverse transformation of the fuzzy variable to the random variable, the FPDs of the response variables can be calculated from their empirical PDFs as well.

关键词： random fuzzy turbine disk reliability

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NUMERICAl SIMUlATION OF TEMPERATURE FIElDS IN ElECTROSlAG REMElTING SlAB INGOTS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters) 2008年第4期21卷 253-259页

作者： l.z. Chang B.z. li Department of Metallurgical Technology Central Iron ＆ Steel Research Institute Beijing 100081 China

The method based on transient heat transfer model is adopted to simulate electro-slag remelting process. The calculated results of the model show that the process is in the quasi-steady state, and the shape of pool remains unchanged when the height of ingot is approximately 2.5-3 times the thickness of slab ingot. The change in the shape of pool is found to be strongly dependent on the pattern of melting rate, and hence, the power input; the depth of the molten pool increases with the increase in melting speed. It is concluded that a transient heat transfer model has to be used to obtain reliable input information for the entire, operatina time.

关键词： ESR Slab ingot Mathematical model Shape of molten metal pool

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China, like the US, Faces Challenges in Achieving Inclusive Growth through Manufacturing

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China & World Economy 2020年第2期28卷 3-17页

作者： robert z.lawrence Peterson Institute for International Economics

For more than three decades the goal of becoming "the factory of the world" has been at the core of China s development *** strategy,in combination with high rates of domestic investment and low rates of consumption,has made Chinese production the most manufacturing intensive in the *** as its wages have risen,China's competitiveness in the most labor-intensive manufacturing industries has *** ability to assemble products remains a major source of its exports,but it has also tried to shift toward more sophisticated value-added production *** domestic spending has shifted away from investment toward consumption as citizens'income has *** Americans,Chinese are also spending more on services than on manufactured *** of these changes are fundamentally altering the structure of China s production,reducing the role of manufacturing and increasing the skill levels of workers in *** paper reviews the challenges posed by these developments for China s long-term goal of achieving more inclusive *** presents evidence that the commonly held perceptions that Chinese manufacturing employment growth is robust are *** fact,such growth has peaked and China is now following a pattern of structural change that is typical of a more mature emerging economy,in which the share of employment in manufacturing declines as workers are increasingly employed in services.

关键词： employment inclusive growth inequality labor manufacturing

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Synergetic deformation mechanisms in an Mg-zn-Y-zr alloy with intragranular lPSO structures

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第5期11卷 1754-1768页

作者： z.z.Peng X.H.Shao z.M.liang D.l.Wang l.W.Wang X.l.Ma Hebei Key laboratory of Material Near-Net Forming Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050018China Shenyang National laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences72 Whenua RoadShenyang 110016China

Deformation kink is one of the important strengthening mechanisms of the long-period-stacking-ordered(lPSO)phase containing magnesium(Mg)alloys,while the deformation twin is generally *** optimize the mechanical properties of lPSO containing Mg alloy by simultaneously exciting kink and twin,we successfully prepared the Mg-zn-Y-zr alloy featuring intragranular lPSO phase and free grain boundary lPSO phase by *** unraveled the corresponding strengthening and toughening mechanisms through transmission electron microscopy characterization and theoretical *** high strength and good plasticity of the homogenized alloy benefit from the synergistic deformation mechanism of multiple kinking and twining in the *** the activation of kinking and twinning depends on the thicknesses of lPSO lamellae and their relative *** results may shed light on optimizing the design of Mg alloys regulating the microstructure of lPSO phases.

关键词： Mg alloy lPSO distribution Kink Twin Transmission electron microscopy

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Symmetry-Protected Scattering in Non-Hermitian linear Systems

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Chinese Physics letters 2021年第2期38卷 29-35页

作者： l.Jin z.Song School of Physics Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Symmetry plays fundamental role in physics and the nature of symmetry changes in non-Hermitian *** the symmetry-protected scattering in non-Hermitian linear systems is investigated by employing the discrete symmetries that classify the random *** even-parity symmetries impose strict constraints on the scattering coefficients:the time-reversal(C and K) symmetries protect the symmetric transmission or reflection;the pseudo-Hermiticity(Q symmetry) or the inversion(P) symmetry protects the symmetric transmission and *** the inversion-combined time-reversal symmetries,the symmetric features on the transmission and reflection *** odd-parity symmetries including the particle-hole symmetry,chiral symmetry,and sublattice symmetry cannot ensure the scattering to be *** guiding principles are valid for both Hermitian and non-Hermitian linear *** findings provide fundamental insights into symmetry and scattering ranging from condensed matter physics to quantum physics and optics.

关键词： symmetry symmetric parity

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