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Dynamic design of green stormwater infrastructure

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Frontiers of environmental Science & engineering 2017年第4期11卷 121-126页

作者： robert G. Traver Ali ebrahimian Department of Civil and environmental engineering Villanova University 800 E. Lancaster Ave Villanova PA 19085 USA

This paper compares ongoing research results on hydrologic performance to common design and crediting criteria, and recommends a change in direction from a static to a dynamic perspective to fully credit the performance of green infrastructure. examples used in this article are primarily stormwater control measures built for research on the campus of Villanova University [1,2]. evidence is presented demonstrating that the common practice of crediting water volume based on soil and surface storage underestimates the performance potential, and suggests that the profession move to a more dynamic approach that incorporates exfiltration and evapotranspiration. The framework for a dynamic approach is discussed, with a view to broaden our design focus by including climate, configuration and the soil surroundings. The substance of this work was presented as a keynote speech at the 2016 international Low Impact Development Conference in Beijing China [3].

关键词： Low Impact Development (LID) Stormwater control measures Green infrastructure Stormwater design

An empirical Study on the Impact of Automation on the Requirements Analysis Process

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2007年第3期22卷 338-347页

作者： Giuseppe Lami robert W.Ferguson Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione"Alessandro Faedo" 1-56124 Pisa Italy Software engineering Institute Carnegie Mellon University 15213 PittsburghPAU.S.A.

Requirements analysis is an important phase in a software project. The analysis is often performed in an informal way by specialists who review documents looking for ambiguities, technical inconsistencies and incomplete parts. Automation is still far from being applied in requirements analyses, above all since natural languages are informal and thus difficult to treat automatically. There are only a few tools that can analyse texts. One of them, called QuARS, was developed by the Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell＇Informazione and can analyse texts in terms of ambiguity. This paper describes how QuARS was used in a formal empirical experiment to assess the impact in terms of effectiveness and efficacy of the automation in the requirements review process of a software company.

关键词： requirements/specifications analysis requirements/specifications tools process metrics

AA3104铝合金均匀化过程中的(Fe,Mn)Al_6相向α-Al_(12)(Fe,Mn)_3Si相转变研究

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金属学报 2012年第3期48卷 351-356页

作者：张永皞张志清 robert e.SANDeRS 刘庆重庆大学材料科学与工程学院重庆400044

采用SeM背散射电子(BSe)技术以及能谱(eDS)等手段定量研究了加热温度和保温时间对AA3104铝合金中(Fe,Mn)Al_6相向α-Al_(12)(Fe,Mn)_3Si相转变作用规律,通过连续截面方法对600℃保温条件下不同阶段的共晶相(即(Fe,Mn)Al_6相及α-Al_(12)... 详细信息

采用SeM背散射电子(BSe)技术以及能谱(eDS)等手段定量研究了加热温度和保温时间对AA3104铝合金中(Fe,Mn)Al_6相向α-Al_(12)(Fe,Mn)_3Si相转变作用规律,通过连续截面方法对600℃保温条件下不同阶段的共晶相(即(Fe,Mn)Al_6相及α-Al_(12)(Fe,Mn)_3Si相)形貌进行三维重构,从三维角度揭示了转化各阶段共晶相的三维形态.对转变过程中标志性的铝点进行了定量表征,结果表明在转化的不同阶段,对应的铝点形貌特征也不尽相同,在均匀化进行到一定阶段后,大量铝点通过扩散而消失,导致α相体积明显减小.分析了转化后α相的微观形貌特征,认为转化后存在的脆弱"双相"界面以及α相内部"疏松多孔"的状态,将有助于其在轧制过程中的破碎.

关键词： AA3104铝合金均匀化共晶相相转变

TRANSLATING ReSeARCH INTO PRACTICAL ReCOMMeNDATIONS FOR THe USe AND eVALUATION OF MeDIA FOR TeACHING FOReIGN LANGUAGeS (Part1)

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外语电化教学 1988年第4期 3-4页

作者： Richard e. clark Zhao Yi University of Southern California

Introduction While there are great differences in the educational systems of the many nations ofthe world, one common factor shared by most nations is a strong interest in the use ofmedia. One early source of this interest can be found in the use of media by foreignlanguage teachers in many nations. Teaching media such as audio recordings, moviesand television have been enthusiasticly employed in language instruction to:

关键词： TRANSLATING ReSeARCH INTO PRACTICAL ReCOMMeNDATIONS FOR THe USe AND eVALUATION OF MeDIA FOR TeACHING FOReIGN LANGUAGeS Part1

Diverse plant mixtures sustain a greater arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spore viability than monocultures after 12 years

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Journal of Plant ecology 2020年第4期13卷 478-488页

作者： Peter Dietrich Christiane Roscher Adam Thomas clark Nico eisenhauer Bernhard Schmid Cameron Wagg Institute of ecology and evolution Friedrich-Schiller-University JenaDornburger Strasse 15907743 JenaGermany Department of evolutionary Biology and environmental Studies University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057 ZurichSwitzerland Department of Physiological Diversity UFZHelmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchPermoserstrasse 1504318 LeipzigGermany German Centre of Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany Institute of Biology Leipzig UniversityDeutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany Department of Geography University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057 ZurichSwitzerland Fredericton Research and Development Center Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada850 Lincoln RoadFrederictonNew Brunswick E3B 1P9Canada

密集的土地管理可能损害土壤生物多样性,从而危害长期的土壤生产力。丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)通过与植物专一性的共生关系,在促进土壤生产力方面发挥着关键作用。然而,目前尚不清楚植物群落的性质,特别是植物物种丰富度和组成如何影响土壤中AM... 详细信息

密集的土地管理可能损害土壤生物多样性,从而危害长期的土壤生产力。丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)通过与植物专一性的共生关系,在促进土壤生产力方面发挥着关键作用。然而,目前尚不清楚植物群落的性质,特别是植物物种丰富度和组成如何影响土壤中AMF种群的生存能力。本研究中,我们测试了来自不同植物功能类群的8种植物的单一栽培和不同植物的混合种植,是否可以维持更有活力的AMF繁殖体。为了回答这个问题,我们从12年的单种植物和混种植物中提取AMF孢子,并通过因子设计将单株AMF孢子与单株植物配对,并考察与AMF孢子来源和植物物种特性的交互作用。研究结果表明,不同植物混合种植的AMF孢子比单一栽培的AMF孢子更能成功地定植于多种植物和植株个体中。此外,我们还发现,来自不同混合种植的AMF孢子比来自单一栽培的AMF更能显著提高白车轴草(Trifolium repens L.)的生物量。与单一栽培相比,起源于不同植物混合种植的AMF孢子的生存能力和与多种植物相互作用的能力更强。我们的研究结果首次表明,多样的植物群落可以维持土壤中AMF的活力,也证明了多样的植物群落有潜力维持AMF繁殖体的活力对土壤健康和生产力至关重要。

关键词：地上-地下相互作用生物多样性生物量生产互惠共生植物-丛枝菌根真菌相互作用根系定植

Hydrodynamic instability experiments with three-dimensional modulations at the National Ignition Facility

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High Power Laser Science and engineering 2015年第2期3卷 1-8页

作者： V.A.Smalyuk S.V.Weber D.T.Casey D.S.clark J.e.Field S.W.Haan A.V.Hamza D.e.Hoover O.L.Landen A.Nikroo H.F.Robey C.R.Weber Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory NIF Directorate General Atomics

The first hydrodynamic instability growth measurements with three-dimensional(3D) surface-roughness modulations were performed on CH shell spherical implosions at the National Ignition Facility(NIF) [G. H. Miller, e. I. Moses, and C. R. Wuest, Opt. eng. 43, 2841(2004)]. The initial capsule outer-surface amplitudes were increased approximately four times, compared with the standard specifications, to increase the signal-to-noise ratio, helping to qualify a technique for measuring small 3D modulations. The instability growth measurements were performed using x-ray through-foil radiography based on time-resolved pinhole imaging. Averaging over 15 similar images significantly increased the signal-to-noise ratio, making possible a comparison with 3D simulations. At a convergence ratio of～2.4, the measured modulation levels were～3 times larger than those simulated based on the growth of the known imposed initial surface modulations. Several hypotheses are discussed, including increased instability growth due to modulations of the oxygen content in the bulk of the capsule. Future experiments will be focused on measurements with standard 3D ‘nativeroughness' capsules as well as with deliberately imposed oxygen modulations.

关键词： Hydrodynamic instabilities

effectiveness of an amino acid beverage formulation in diarrheapredominant irritable bowel syndrome:A pragmatic real-world study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2023年第5期14卷 39-49页

作者： Samantha e Niles Phil Blazy Samuel N Cheuvront robert W Kenefick Sadasivan Vidyasagar Adam BSmith Neil Fawkes William Denman Department of Research and Development Entrinsic BioscienceNorwoodMA 02062United States Department of Radiation Oncology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611United States Department of Anesthesiology Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114United States

BACKGROUND Amino-acid based medical foods have shown promise in alleviating symptoms of drug induced gastrointestinal side effects;particularly,diarrhea-predominant *** bowel syndrome(IBS)is a gastrointestinal disorder that affects up to 9% of people globally,with diarrhea predominant IBS(IBS-D)being the most prevalent *** trials are needed to explore potential added benefits when integrated into standard care for *** To assess the effectiveness of an amino acid-based medical food as an adjunct to standard of care for adults with *** This is a pragmatic,real world,open label,single arm study comparing a 2-week baseline assessment to a 2-week intervention *** hundred adults,aged 18 to 65 years,with IBS-D,according to Rome IV criteria,were enrolled after completing a 2-week baseline assessment period and received a 2-week supply of an amino acid based medical food which was consumed at home twice daily on top of their standard of *** primary outcome was an assessment of tolerability after 2-weeks of consumption,while secondary outcomes included changes in stool consistency(Bristol Stool Form Scale),severity of abdominal pain&discomfort,symptoms of urgency,Global Improvement Survey(GIS),and the IBS severity scoring system(IBS-SSS).ReSULTS The test product was well-tolerated as each participant successfully completed the full 14-day trial,and there were no instances of dropouts or discontinuation of the study product *** percent of participants achieved a 50% or more reduction in the number of days with type 6-7 bowel movements(IBS-D stool consistency responders).Fifty-three percent of participants achieved a clinically meaningful reduction of 30% in mean weekly pain scores,and 55%experienced the same for mean weekly discomfort scores(IBS-D pain and discomfort responders).Participants experienced a mean-109.4(95% confidence interval:-130.1,-88.8)point reduction on the IBS-SSS and 52% experienced a minimal

关键词： Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome Amino acid beverage formulation Pragmatic real-world study Medical food Bristol Stool Form Scale Irritable Bowel Syndrome–Severity Scoring System

Material-specific high-resolution table-top extreme ultraviolet microscopy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第5期11卷 991-1000页

作者： Wilhelm eschen Lars Loetgering Vittoria Schuster robert Klas Alexander Kirsche Lutz Berthold Michael Steinert Thomas Pertsch Herbert Gross Michael Krause Jens Limpert Jan Rothhardt Institute of Applied Physics Abbe Center of PhotonicsFriedrich-SchillerUniversität JenaAlbert-Einstein-Str.1507745 JenaGermany HelmholtzInstitute Jena Fröbelstieg 307743 JenaGermany Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Albert-Einstein-Straße 907745 JenaGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS WalterHülse-Str.106120 HalleGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision engineering IOF Albert-Einstein-Str.707745 JenaGermany

Microscopy with extreme ultraviolet(eUV)radiation holds promise for high-resolution imaging with excellent material contrast,due to the short wavelength and numerous element-specific absorption edges available in this spectral *** the same time,eUV radiation has significantly larger penetration depths than *** thus enables a nano-scale view into complex three-dimensional structures that are important for material science,semiconductor metrology,and next-generation ***,we present high-resolution and material-specific microscopy at 13.5 nm *** combine a highly stable,high photon-flux,table-top eUV source with an interferometrically stabilized ptychography *** utilizing structured eUV illumination,we overcome the limitations of conventional eUV focusing optics and demonstrate high-resolution microscopy at a half-pitch lateral resolution of 16 ***,we propose mixed-state orthogonal probe relaxation ptychography,enabling robust phase-contrast imaging over wide fields of view and long acquisition *** this way,the complex transmission of an integrated circuit is precisely reconstructed,allowing for the classification of the material composition of mesoscopic semiconductor systems.

关键词： resolution ultraviolet extreme

Anti-proliferative effect of Annona extracts on breast cancer cells

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BIOCeLL 2023年第8期47卷 1835-1852页

作者： MARIA-LUISA VeISAGA MARIAM AHUMADA STACY SORIANO LeONARDO ACUNA WeI ZHANG IVY LeUNG robert BARNUM MANUeL A.BARBIeRI Biomolecular Sciences Institute Florida International UniversityMiami33199USA Department of Biological Sciences Florida International UniversityMiami33199USA Biochemistry Ph.D.Program Florida International UniversityMiami33199USA Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Coral Gables33156USA International Center of Tropical Botany Florida International UniversityMiami33199USA

Backgorund:Fruits and seed extracts of Annona montana have significant cytotoxic potential in several cancer *** study evaluates the effect of *** leaves hexane extract on several signaling cascades and gene expression in metastatic breast cancer cells upon insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)***:MTT assay was performed to determine the proliferation of cancer *** iodide staining and flow cytometry analysis of Annexin V binding was utilized to measure the progression of the cell cycle and the induction of *** expression and phosphorylation were determined by western blotting analysis to examine the underlying cellular mechanism triggered upon treatment with *** leaves hexane ***:*** leaves hexane(subfraction V)blocked the constitutive stimulation of the PI3K/mTOR signaling *** inhibitory effect was associated with apoptosis induction as evidenced by the positivity with Annexin V and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling(TUNNeL)staining,activation of caspase-3,and cleavage of *** also limited the expression of various downstream genes that regulate proliferation,survival,metastasis,and angiogenesis(i.e.,cyclin D1,survivin,COX-2,and VeGF).It increased the expression of p53 and ***,we also observed that this extract blocked the activation of AKT and eRK without affecting the phosphorylation of the IGF-1 receptor and activation of Ras upon IGF-1 ***:Our study indicates that *** leaves(sub-fraction V)extract exhibits a selective anti-proliferative and proapoptotic effect on the metastatic MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells through the involvement of PI3K/AKT/mTOR/S6K1 pathways.

关键词： Annona montana Cancer cell lines Apoptosis Anti-proliferative Cell cycle AKT mTOR