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Digital twin technology for thermal comfort and energy efficiency in buildings:A state-of-the-art and future directions

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Energy and Built Environment 2024年第5期5卷 641-656页

作者： Victor Adetunji Arowoiya robert christian moehler Yihai Fang Department of Civil engineering Monash University ClaytonVIC 3800Australia

In recent years,the integration of digital technologies has grown rapidly in the field of thermal comfort and energy efficiency for *** concept of a digital twin,incorporating multiple digital technologies,has gained increasing *** literature lacks a review of the digital twin concept in thermal comfort and energy consumption for existing *** paper conducts a review of the current state-of-the-art in digital twin(DT)technology for thermal comfort/energy consumption in *** review employs a scientometric approach and examines various technologies used in creating DTs and a systematic analysis of the methods,technologies,algorithms,and approaches used in digital twin *** results show a growing number of studies in this area,with a focus on thermal comfort monitoring,visualization,tracking,energy management,prediction,and optimization for existing ***,the prediction of energy consumption using algorithms such as Artificial Neural Networks(ANN),Artificial Intelligence(AI),deep neural networks,and YOLOv4 have been used in ***,the wider adoption of a DT that can facilitate occupants,and thermal sensations,enhance human-centered solutions,and improve energy prediction levels are *** is a need for further international collaboration to expand the studies on digital twins for thermal comfort and energy *** review highlights the limitations and areas of improvement,such as the limited adoption of sensors for environmental measures,the need for more focus on the subjective perception of occupants,and the need for more comparative studies of algorithms for predicting energy *** studies can be conducted in areas such as understanding occupant psychological responses/behaviors to comfort in the digital *** will enhance a more consolidated and robust validation for building performance.

关键词： Buildings Digital twin Thermal comfort Energy consumption Scientometric review

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3D-Printed PLA Filaments Reinforced with Nanofibrillated Cellulose

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2020年第7期8卷 759-772页

作者： Matea Perić robert Putz christian Paulik Wood K Plus-Competence Center for Wood Composites&Wood Chemistry Kompetenzzentrum Holz GmbHLinzA-4040Austria Institute for Chemical Technology of Organic Materials Johannes Kepler University LinzLinz4040Austria

In the current study poly(lactic acid)PLA composites with a 3 wt%and 5 wt%of nanofibrillated cellulose(NFC)were produced by 3D-printing *** enzymatic pretreatment coupled with mechanical fibrillation in a twin screw extruder was used to produce high consistency *** electron microscopy(SEM)equipped with Fibermetric software,FASEP fiber length distribution analysis,Furrier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),tensile tests,impact tests and differential scanning calorimetry were used to characterize NFC and PLA/NFC *** results of the fiber length and width measurements together with the results of the SEM analysis showed that enzymatic hydrolysis coupled with a twin screw extrusion could effectively reduce the diameter and length of cellulose *** produced NFC consisted of microand nanosized fibers entangled in a characteristic *** on the FT-IR analysis,no new bonds were formed during the enzymatic hydrolysis or fibrillation *** TGA analysis confirmed that produced NFC can be used in hightemperature extrusion processing without NFC *** the PLA/NFC composites preparation the NFC agglomerates were formed,which negatively influenced PLA/NFC composites impact *** slightly improved tensile strength and elastic modulus were reported for all composites when compared to the neat *** elongation at break was not affected by the NFC *** significant differences in thermal stability were detectable among composites nor in comparation with the neat ***,the crystallinity degree of the composite containing 5 wt%NFC was increased in respect to the neat PLA.

关键词： Nanofibrillated cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis twin screw extruder poly(lactic acid) 3D-printing

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Genomics of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2014年第4期13卷 381-385页

作者： christian Pilarsky robert Grützmann Department of Vascular- Thoracic and Visceral Surgery University Hospital Dresden Technische Universitt DresdenFetscherstr. 74 Dresden 01307 Germany

Pancreatic cancer is one of the worst prognostic cancers because of the late diagnosis and the absence of effective treatment. Within all subtypes of this disease, ductal adenocarcinoma has the shortest survival time. In recent years,global genomics profiling allowed the identification of hundreds of genes that are perturbed in pancreatic cancer. The integration of different omics sources in the study of pancreatic cancer has revealed several molecular mechanisms, indicating the complex history of its development. However, validation of these genes as biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis or treatment efficacy is still incomplete but should lead to new approaches for the treatment of the disease in the future.

关键词： pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma genomes DNA RNA next-generation sequencing precision medicine

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Role of imaging in predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第7期20卷 1650-1656页

作者： robert Michael Kwee Thomas christian Kwee Department of Radiology Maastricht University Medical Center6229 HX MaastrichtThe Netherlands Department of Radiology University Medical Center Utrecht3584 CX UtrechtThe Netherlands

With the proven overall benefit of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer,there has come a need to discriminate responders from *** this article,the current role of anatomical and molecular imaging in the prediction of response to neoadjuvant therapy in gastric cancer is outlined and future prospects are discussed.

关键词： Gastric cancer Neoadjuvant therapy Chemotherapy Response Imaging

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Irritable bowel syndrome and organic diseases: A comparative analysis of esophageal motility

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第38期19卷 6408-6415页

作者： Thomas Thomaidis Martin Goetz Sebastian Paul Gregor Arthur Hoffman Elias Kouroumalis Markus moehler Peter robert Galle Andreas Schwarting Ralf Kiesslich Medical Clinic Johannes-Gutenberg University55131 MainzRheinland-PfalzGermany Medical Clinic University of Tuebingen72076 TuebingenBaden-WürttembergGermany Medical Clinic SHG-Hospital55743 Idar-ObersteinRheinland-PfalzGermany Medical Clinic 60318 Frankfurt am MainHessenGermany Clinic of Gastroenterology Medical School of Crete71110 HeraklionCreteGreece Sana Rheumatology Centre 55543 Bad KreuznachRheinland-PfalzGermany

AIM:To assess the esophageal motility in patients with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)and to compare those with patients with autoimmune ***:15 patients with IBS,22 with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)and 19 with systemic sclerosis(SSc)were prospectively selected from a total of 115patients at a single university centre and esophageal motility was analysed using standard manometry(Mui Scientific PIP-4-8SS).All patients underwent esophagogastro-duodenoscopy before entering the study so that only patients with normal endoscopic findings were included in the current *** patients underwent a complete physical,blood biochemistry and urinary *** grade of dysphagia was determined for each patient in accordance to the intensity and frequency of the presented esophageal ***,disease activity scores(SLEDAI and modified Rodnan score)were obtained for patients with autoimmune *** parameter:A correlation coefficient was calculated between amplitudes,velocity and duration of the peristaltic waves throughout esophagus and patients’dysphagia for all three ***:There was no statistical difference in the standard blood biochemistry and urinary analysis in all three *** with IBS showed similar pathologic dysphagia scores compared to patients with SLE and *** mean value of dysphagia score was in IBS group 7.3,in SLE group 6.73 and in SSc group7.56 with a P-value>***,the manometric patterns were *** patients showed during esophageal manometry peristaltic amplitudes at the proximal part of esophagus greater than 60 mmHg in46%of the patients,which was significant higher in comparison to the SLE(11.8%)and SSc-Group(0%,P=0.003).Furthermore,IBS patients showed lower mean resting pressure of the distal esophagus sphincter(Lower esophageal sphincter,22 mmHg)when compared with SLE(28 mmHg,P=0.037)and SSc(26 mmHg,P=0.052).23.5%of patients with SLE showed amplitudes greater as 160 mmHg in the

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Systemic lupus erythematosus Systemic sclerosis Esophageal manometry Dysphagia

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NeuroPNM:Model reduction of pore network models using neural networks

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 239-251页

作者： robert Jendersie Ali Mjalled Xiang Lu Lucas Reineking Abdolreza Kharaghani Martin Monnigmann christian Lessig Otto-von-Guericke-Universitat Magdeburg Universitatsplatz 2Magdeburg39106Germany Ruhr-Universitat-Bochum Universitatstraβe 150Bochum44801Germany

Reacting particle systems play an important role in many industrial applications,for example biomass drying or the manufacturing of *** numerical modeling and simulation of such systems is therefore of great importance for an efficient,reliable,and environmentally sustainable operation of the *** complex thermodynamical,chemical,and flow processes that take place in the particles are a particular challenge in a ***,typically a large number of particles is involved,rendering an explicit treatment of individual ones impossible in a reactor-level *** approach for overcoming this challenge is to compute effective,physical parameters from single-particle,high-resolution *** can be combined with model reduction methods if the dynamical behaviour of particles must be *** network models with their unrivaled resolution have thereby been used successfully as high-resolution models,for instance to obtain the macroscopic diffusion coeffcient of *** parameter identification and model reduction have recently gained new impetus by the dramatic progress made in machine learning in the last *** report results on the use of neural networks for parameter identification and model reduction based on three-dimensional pore network models(PNM).We believe that our results provide a powerful complement to existing methodologies for reactor-level simulations with many thermally-thick particles.

关键词： Porenetwork models Neural networks Parameter estimation Reduced order model

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Effect of surgical procedures on prostate tumor gene expression profiles

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第5期14卷 708-714页

作者： lie Li Zhi-Hong Zhang Chang-lun Yin christian Pavlovich Jun Luo robert Getzenberg Wei Zhang Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China Department of Pathology The First Affiliated Hospita Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China Department of Urology The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287USA

Current surgical treatment of prostate cancer is typically accomplished by either open radical prostatectomy （ORP） or robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy （RALRP）. Intra-operative procedural differences between the two surgical approaches may alter the molecular composition of resected surgical specimens, which are indispensable for molecular analysis and biomarker evaluation. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of different surgical procedures on RNA quality and genome-wide expression signature. RNA integrity number （RIN） values were compared between total RNA samples extracted from consecutive LRP （n= 11） and ORP （n= 24） prostate specimens. Expression profiling was performed using the Agilent human whole-genome expression microarrays. Expression differences by surgicat type were analyzed by Volcano plot analysis and gene ontology analysis. Quantitative reverse transcription （RT）-PCR was used for expression validation in an independent set of LRP （n=8） and ORP （n=8） samples. The LRP procedure did not compromise RNA integrity. Differential gene expression by surgery types was limited to a small subset of genes, the number of which was smaller than that expected by chance. Unexpectedly, this small subset of differentially expressed genes was enriched for those encoding transcription factors, oxygen transporters and other previously reported surgery-induced stress-response genes, and demonstrated unidirectional reduction in LRP specimens in comparison to ORP specimens. The effect of the LRP procedure on RNA quality and genome-wide transcript levels is negligible, supporting the suitability of LRP surgical specimens for routine molecular analysis. Blunted in vivo stress response in LRP specimens, likely mediated by CO2 insufflation but not by longer ischemia time, is manifested in the reduced expression of stress-response genes in these specimens.

关键词： CO2 insufflation expression microarray laparoscopic radical prostatectomy open radical prostatectomy prostate cancer stress response

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Fortuitously discovered liver lesions

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第21期19卷 3173-3188页

作者： Christoph F Dietrich Malay Sharma robert N Gibson Schreiber-Dietrich christian Jenssen Department of Internal Medicine Caritas-Krankenhaus Bad Mergentheim97980 Bad MergentheimGermany Department of Gastroenterology Jaswantrai Speciality HospitalOpposite Sports StadiumMeerut UP 250001India Department of Radiology University of MelbourneRoyal Melbourne HospitalVictoria 3050Australia Dagmar Department of Pediatrics Asklepiosklinik St. AugustinAbt. Neonatologie und P diatrische Intensivmedizin52757 AugustinGermany Klinik für Innere Medizin Krankenhaus Mrkisch Oderland15334 StrausbergGermany

The fortuitously discovered liver lesion is a common problem. Consensus might be expected in terms of its work-up, and yet there is none. This stems in part from the fact that there is no preventive campaign involving the early detection of liver tumors other than for patients with known liver cirrhosis and oncological patients. The work-up (detection and differential diagnosis) of liver tumors comprises theoretical considerations, history, physical examination, laboratory tests, standard ultrasound, Doppler ultrasound techniques, contrastenhanced ultrasound (CEUS), computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, as well as imageguided biopsy. CEUS techniques have proved to be the most pertinent method; these techniques became part of the clinical routine about 10 years ago in Europe and Asia and are used for a variety of indications in daily clinical practice. CEUS is in many cases the first and also decisive technical intervention for detecting and characterizing liver tumors. This development is reflected in many CEUS guidelines, e.g. , in the European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (EFSUMB) guidelines 2004, 2008 and 2012 as well as the recently published World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology-EFSUMB guidelines 2012. This article sets out considerations for making a structured work-up of incidental liver tumors feasible.

关键词： Contrast-enhanced ultrasound Hepatocellular carcinoma Hemangioma Focal nodular hyperplasia Metastasis Ultrasonography Recommendations Guidelines

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Inhibition of DNA-Topoisomerase I by Acylated Triterpene Saponins from Pittosporum angustifolium Lodd.

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2016年第2期6卷 141-147页

作者： christian Backer Malgorzata N.Drwal robert Preissner Ulrike Lindequist Department of Pharmaceutical Biology Institute of PharmacyErnst Moritz Arndt University GreifswaldFriedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Straße 1717489 GreifswaldGermany Structural Bioinformatics Group Institute for PhysiologyCharite´-University Medicine BerlinLindenberger Weg 8013125 BerlinGermany

Previous phytochemical investigation of the leaves and seeds of Pittosporum angustifolium *** to the isolation and structural elucidation of polyphenols and triterpene *** for cytotoxicity of isolated saponins revealed that the predominant structural feature for a cytotoxic activity are acyl substituents at the oleanane aglycon *** present work reports the results of a screening of 10 selected acylated saponins for their potential to inhibit the human DNA-topoisomerase I,giving rise to IC50 values in a range of 2.8-46.5 *** clarify the mode of observed cytotoxic action and,moreover,to distinguish from a pure surfactant effect which is commonly accompanied with saponins,these results indicate an involvement of the topoisomerase I and its role as a possible target structure for a cytotoxic *** addition,computational predictions of the fitting of saponins to the topoisomerase I-DNA complex,indicate a similar binding mode to that of clinically used topoisomerase I *** Abstract Ten acylated triterpene saponins from Pittosporum angustifolium were investigated for their potential to inhibit the human DNA-topoisomerase I and computational predictions of the fitting of saponins to the topoisomerase I-DNA complex were carried out.

关键词： Pittosporum angustifolium Acylated triterpene saponins Cytotoxicity Topoisomerase I Docking

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Rapid solidification and metastable phase formation during surface modifications of composite Al-Cr cathodes exposed to cathodic arc plasma

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第35期94卷 147-163页

作者： Mehran Golizadeh Francisca Mendez Martin Stefan Wurster Johann P.Mogeritsch Abdellah Kharicha Szilard Kolozsvári christian Mitterer robert Franz Department of Materials Science Montanuniversitat LeobenFranz Josef-Straβe 188700 LeobenAustria Erich Schmid Institute of Materials Science Austrian Academy of SciencesJahnstraβe 12.8700 LeobenAustria Department of Metallurgy Montanuniversitat LeobenFranz Josef-Straβe 188700 LeobenAustria Plansee Composite Materials GmbH Siebenbiirgerstraβe 2386983 Lechbruck am SeeCermany

A combination of both conventional and advanced high-resolution characterization techniques was applied to study the modified layers on the surface of three composite Al-Cr arc cathodes with identical nominal composition of Al-50 at.%Cr but varying powder grain *** results revealed that the modified layers consist mainly of metastable phases such as Cr solid solution,high temperature cubic Al8 Cr5,supersaturated Al solid solution,and icosahedral *** metastable phase formation indicates that high cooling rates were involved during the solidification of molten material produced in the arc craters during cathode spot *** average cooling rate was estimated to be 10^(6)K/s based on secondary dendrite arm spacing measurements and supporting phase-field based *** formation mechanisms of the modified layers are discussed based on the obtained results and the current literature.

关键词： Cathodic arc Rapid solidification Quasicrystal Arc crater Macroparticle Phase-field simulation

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