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Visualizing the importance of oxide-metal phase transitions in the production of synthesis gas over Ni catalysts

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2020年第11期29卷 178-186页

作者： Luis Sandoval-Diaz Milivoj Plodinec Danail Ivanov Stephane Poitel Adnan Hammud Hannah c.Nerl robert Schldgl Thomas Lunkenbein Department of Inorganic chemistry Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-GesellschaftFaradayweg 4-614195 BerlinGermany Electron Spectrometry and Microscopy Laboratory School of Basic SciencesEcole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne1015 LausanneSwitzerland Max Planck Institute for chemical Energy conversion StiftstraJSe 34-3645470 Miihlheim a.d.RuhrGermany

Synthesis gas, composed of H2 and cO, is an important fuel which serves as feedstock for industrially relevant processes, such as methanol or ammonia synthesis. The efficiency of these reactions depends on the H2: cO ratio, which can be controlled by a careful choice of reactants and catalyst surface ***, using a combination of environmental scanning electron microscopy(ESEM) and online mass spectrometry, direct visualization of the surface chemistry of a Ni catalyst during the production of synthesis gas was achieved for the first time. The insertion of a homebuilt quartz tube reactor in the modified ESEM chamber was key to success of the setup. The nature of chemical dynamics was revealed in the form of reversible oxide-metal phase transitions and surface transformations which occurred on the performing catalyst. The oxide-metal phase transitions were found to control the production of synthesis gas in the temperature regime between 700 and 900 ℃ in an atmosphere relevant for dry reforming of methane(DRM, cO2: cH4=0.75). This was confirmed using high resolution transmission electron microscopy imaging, electron energy loss spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and c18O2 labelled *** dedicated operando approach of simultaneously studying the surface processes of a catalyst and its activity allowed to uncover how phase transitions can steer catalytic reactions.

关键词： Dry reforming of methane Partial oxidation of methane Environmental scanning electron microscopy Synthesis gas Operando

Targeting DNA topoisomerases: past & future

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cancer Drug Resistance 2021年第4期4卷 758-761页

作者： William H.Gmeiner robert c.A.Mvan Waardenburg Department of cancer Biology Wake Forest School of Medicine Medical Center BlvdWinston-SalemNC 27157USA Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294-0019USA

Aggressive malignancies are characterized by relatively uncontrolled cell proliferation making them especially reliant on topoisomerase enzymes to enable high rates of DNA replication and *** topoisomerases resolve topological problems associated with DNA replication and other essential cellular processes involving DNA,such as transcription and recombination^([1]).As such,they are important targets for anti-cancer ***,understanding of topoisomerase biology is important for unraveling the mechanistic basis for resistance to many widely used anti-cancer drugs,such as doxorubicin,etoposide,and topotecan,for which DNA topoisomerases are established ***,several drugs that are not considered to directly target topoisomerase enzymes,such as the nucleoside analogs 5-FU and Arac,and those in development such as the polymeric fluoropyrimidine cF10^([2]),also affect the function of topoisomerases.

关键词： analogs topological enable

Primary parasitoids of red scale （Aonidiella aurantii） in Australia and a review of their introductions from Asia

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Insect Science 2017年第1期24卷 150-168页

作者： Hang T. Dao G. Andrew c. Beattie robert Spooner-Hart Markus Riegler Paul Holford University of Western Sydney Penrith NSW 2751 Australia Plant Protection Research Institute Chem Tu Liem Hanoi Vietnam

We used morphological and molecular differences to confirm the identities of red scale （Aonidiella aurantii） and yellow scale （A. citrina）, and their primary parasitoids, in Australia. An extension to the distribution of yellow scale was confirmed. Six primary parasitoids of red scale were identified： Aphytis chrysomphali, A. lingnanensis, A. melinus, comperiella bifasciata, Encarsia citrina, and E. perniciosi. With the exception of A. lingnanensis, these parasitoids, and a species of Aphelinus, were detected in association with red scale during studies in citrus orchards in coastal New South Wales between 2009 and 2012. Two races ofA. melinus were recorded： one from the Indian Subcontinent, the other previously only recorded in china. The studies, and reviews of historical records, led us to conclude that 4 parasitoids, A. lingnanensis, c. bifasciata, and both species of Encarsia, were present in Australia before successful or unsuccessful formal introductions between 1902 and 1970. The A. melinus race previously recorded in china may also have been present before the Indian Subcontinent race was formally introduced in 1961. We suggest the possibility that the natural distribution of some of the parasitoids may include East and Southeast Asia, and parts of Australasia. We found no reports of native armored scales being recorded on species and hybrids of citrus introduced to Australia, and no reports of introduced armored scales being recorded on native Rutaceae, including 6 species of citrus. However, we subsequently recorded yellow scale on Geijera parviflora, a native rutaceous tree.

关键词： Aonidiella Aphytis citrus comperiella Encarsia red scale

How could Evidence-Based Reform Advance Education?

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EcNU Review of Education 2021年第1期4卷 7-24页

作者： robert E.Slavin Alan c.K.cheung Tengteng Zhuang Johns Hopkins University The chinese University of Hong Kong Beijing Normal University

Purpose:This article presents a definition and rationale for evidence-based reform in education,and a discussion of the current state of evidence-based research,focusing on china,the U.S.,and the ***/Approach/Methods:The article contrasts the state of educational research in the U.S.,the UK,and china,world leaders in evidence-based ***:The article suggests ways in which chinese,U.S.,UK,and other scholars might improve the worldwide quality of evidence-based reform in *** indicator of this partnership is an agreement among the chinese University of Hong Kong,Nanjing Normal University,and Johns Hopkins University to work together on chinese and English versions of the website Best Evidence in Brief and a collaboration between Johns Hopkins and the EcNU Review of Education at East china Normal ***/Value:This article is the first to compare developments in evidence-based reform in education in china with parallel developments in the *** UK Building understanding of current evidence-based policies should help all countries learn how evidence can play a greater role in education policy and benefit many students.

关键词： Evidence-based reform in education experiments international comparisons meta-analysis research designs

Non-linear dynamic state-space network modeling for decoding neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1879-1880页

作者： Venkata c.chirumamilla chi Wang Ip Martin Reich robert Peach Jens Volkmann Bahman Nasseroleslami Muthuraman Muthuraman Prenatal Pediatrics Institute Children’s National HospitalWashingtonDCUSA Neural Engineering with Signal Analytics and Artificial Intelligence Department of NeurologyUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany Academic Unit of Neurology Trinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity College DublinUniversity of DublinDublinIreland

Neurodegenerative disorders represent a pervasive global health challenge,yet therapeutic options remain conspicuously *** disorders are inherently dynamic processes within the central nervous system,unfolding across distinct sub-stages:initial structural neuronal alterations(sub-stage 1),functional impairment(sub-stage 2),and culminating in neuronal death(sub-stage 3).

关键词： alterations impairment dynamic

controversies in and challenges to our understanding of hepatitis c

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第31期13卷 4168-4176页

作者： robert G Batey Area Director Drug and Alcohol Clinical Services Hunter New England Area Health Services. Newcastle New South Wales Australia

Discovered in 1989, the hepatitis c virus (HcV) continues to cause signifi cant morbidity and mortality world-wide despite a huge research commitment to defining and understanding the virus and the disease it causes. This paper discusses a number of areas where progress in the management of the HcV have not kept pace with the scientifi c understanding of the HcV. It is suggested that in the fi elds of HcV prevention and providing access to treatment, practice falls short of what could be achieved. The role of alcohol in the pathogenesis of HcV liver injury is discussed. Discrimination against those with HcV infection and particularly those in prison settings fails to match good clinical practice. The complicated processes of sharing information between specialty groups is also discussed in an attempt to optimise knowledge dissemination in this field.

关键词： Hepatitis c Alcohol Injecting drug use Prisons Genetic variation cirrhosis Liver cell cancer

An Accurate and Real-time Method of Self-blast Glass Insulator Location Based on Faster R-cNN and U-net with Aerial Images

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cSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2019年第4期5卷 474-482页

作者： Zenan Ling Dongxia Zhang robert c.Qiu Zhijian Jin Yuhang Zhang Xing He Haichun Liu Department of Electrical Engineering Center for Big Data and Artificial IntelligenceState Energy Smart Grid Research and Development CenterShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China china Electric Power Research Institute Beijing 100192China Department of Electrical and computer Engineering Tennessee Technological UniversityCookevilleTN 38505USA

This paper proposes a new deep learning framework for the location of broken insulators(in particular the self-blast glass insulator)in aerial *** address the broken insulators location problem in a low signal-noise-ratio(SNR)*** deal with two modules:1)object detection based on Faster R-cNN,and 2)classification of pixels based on *** the first time,our paper combines the above two *** combination is motivated as follows:Faster R-cNN is used to improve SNR,while the U-net is used for classification of pixels.A diverse aerial image set measured by a power grid in china is tested to validate the proposed ***,a comparison is made among different methods and the result shows that our approach is accurate in real time.

关键词： Aerial images deep learning faster R-cNN insulators location real-time U-net

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一朵红红的玫瑰

大学英语 2003年第8期 52-53页

作者： robert burns 杨霞复旦大学

哦,我的爱像一朵红红的玫瑰, 六月初绽;哦,我的爱像一首悠悠的旋律, 和谐悦耳。

关键词：《一朵红红的玫瑰》抑扬格

Machine learning metrology of cell confinement in melt electrowritten threedimensional biomaterial substrates

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2019年第1期5卷 552-570页

作者： Filippos Tourlomousis chao Jia Thrasyvoulos Karydis Andreas Mershin Hongjun Wang Dilhan M.Kalyon robert c.chang The center for Bits and Atoms Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA Biomedical Engineering Department Stevens Institute of TechnologyHobokenNJUSA chemical Engineering and Materials Science Department Stevens Institute of TechnologyHobokenNJUSA Mechanical Engineering Department Stevens Institute of TechnologyHobokenNJUSA

Tuning cell shape by altering the biophysical properties of biomaterial substrates on which cells operate would provide a potential shape-driven pathway to control cell ***,there is an unexplored dimensional scale window of three-dimensional(3D)substrates with precisely tunable porous microarchitectures and geometrical feature sizes at the cell’s operating length scales(10–100μm).This paper demonstrates the fabrication of such highfidelity fibrous substrates using a melt electrowriting(MEW)*** advanced manufacturing approach is biologically qualified with a metrology framework that models and classifies cell confinement states under various substrate dimensionalities and *** fibroblasts as a model cell system,the mechanosensing response of adherent cells is investigated as a function of variable substrate dimensionality(2D vs.3D)and porous microarchitecture(randomly oriented,“non-woven”***-stacked,“woven”).Single-cell confinement states are modeled using confocal fluorescence microscopy in conjunction with an automated single-cell bioimage data analysis workflow that extracts quantitative metrics of the whole cell and sub-cellular focal adhesion protein features *** extracted multidimensional dataset is employed to train a machine learning algorithm to classify cell shape *** results show that cells assume distinct confinement states that are enforced by the prescribed substrate dimensionalities and porous microarchitectures with the woven MEW substrates promoting the highest cell shape homogeneity compared to non-woven fibrous *** technology platform established here constitutes a significant step towards the development of integrated additive manufacturing—metrology platforms for a wide range of applications including fundamental mechanobiology studies and 3D bioprinting of tissue constructs to yield specific biological designs qualified at the single-cell level.

关键词： metrology prescribed printing