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Pediatric interfacility transport effects on mortality and length of stay

World Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第4期17卷 400-408页

作者： Rod M.Shinozaki Andreas Schwingshackl Neeraj Srivastava Tristan Grogan robert b.kelly David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los AngelesCAUSA University of California IrvineIrvineCAUSA Children’s Hospital of Orange County 1201 West La Veta AvenueOrangeCA92868USA

background We aimed to evaluate the effects of interfacility pediatric critical care transport response time,physician presence during transport,and mode of transport on mortality and length of stay(LOS)among pediatric *** hypothesized that a shorter response time and helicopter transports,but not physician presence,are associated with lower mortality and a shorter *** Retrospective,single-center,cohort study of 841 patients(between 2014 and 2018 utilizing patient charts and transport *** linear and logistic regression analyses adjusted for age,diagnosis,mode of transport,response time,stabilization time,return duration,mortality risk(pediatric index of mortality-2 and pediatric risk of mortality-3),and inotrope,vasopressor,or mechanical ventilation presence on *** Four hundred and twenty-eight(50.9%)patients were transported by helicopter,and 413(49.1%)were transported by *** accompanied 239(28.4%)*** median response time was 2.0(interquartile range 1.4–2.9)*** physician presence increased the median response time by 0.26 hours(P=0.020),neither physician presence nor response time significantly affected mortality,ICU length of stay(ILOS)or hospital length of stay(HLOS).Helicopter transports were not significantly associated with mortality or ILOS,but were associated with a longer HLOS(3.24 days,95%confidence interval 0.59–5.90)than ambulance transports(P=0.017).Conclusions These results suggest response time and physician presence do not significantly affect mortality or *** may reflect the quality of pre-transport care and medical control *** transports were only associated with a longer *** analysis provides a framework for examining transport workforce needs and associated costs.

关键词： Helicopter Hospital length of stay Pediatric critical care Pediatric intensive care unit Transport medicine

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Subpopulations of regulatory T cells are associated with subclinical atherosclerotic plaques,levels of LDL,and cardiorespiratory fitness in the elderly

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 288-296,I0002页

作者： Tim böttrich Pascal bauer Vincent Gröβer Magdalena Huber Hartmann Raifer Torsten Frech Svenja Nolte Theresa Dombrowski Franz Cemic Natascha Sommer robert Ringseis Klaus Eder Karsten Krüger Christopher Weyh Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy Institute of Sports ScienceJustus-Liebig-UniversityGiessen 35394Germany Department of Cardiology and Angiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen 35392Germany Institute for Systems Immunology Center for Tumor und ImmunologyMarburg 35032Germany TH Mittelhessen Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of Applied Sciences GiessenGiessen 35390Germany Department of Internal Medicine Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center(UGMLC)Member of the German Center for Lung Research(DZL)Giessen 35394Germany Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute(CPI) Justus-Liebig UniversityGiessen 35394Germany Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen 35390Germany

background:Atherosclerosis forms the pathological basis for the development of cardiovascular *** pathological processes initially develop without clinically relevant symptoms,the identification of early markers in the subclinical stage plays an important role for initiating early *** is evidence that regulatory T cells(Tregs)are involved in the development of ***,the present study aimed to identify and investigate associations with Tregs and their subsets in a cohort of healthy elderly individuals with and without subclinical atherosclerotic plaques(SAP).In addition,various lifestyle and risk factors,such as cardiorespiratory fitness,were investigated as associated ***:A cross-sectional study was performed in 79 participants(male:n=50;age=63.6±3.7 years;body mass index=24.9±3.1 kg/m2;mean±SD)who had no previous diagnosis of chronic disease and were not taking *** of the carotids to identify SAP,cardiovascular function measurement for vascular assessment and a cardiorespiratory fitness test to determine peak oxygen uptake were ***,tests were conducted to assess blood lipids and determine glucose *** of Tregs and their subtypes(resting(rTregs)and effector/memory(mTregs))was performed by 8-chanel flow *** were categorized according to atherosclerotic plaque *** and logistic regression models were used to analyze associations between ***:SAP was detected in a total of 29 *** participants with plaque were older(64.8±3.6 years vs.62.9±3.5 years)and had higher peripheral systolic blood pressure(133.8±14.7 mmHg vs.125.8±10.9 mmHg).The participants with SAP were characterized by a lower percentage of rTregs(28.8%±10.7%vs.34.6%±10.7%)and a higher percentage of mTregs(40.3%±14.7%vs.30.0%±11.9%).Multiple logistic regression identified age(odds ratio(OR)=1.20(95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.011.42))and

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness Elderly Regulatory T cells Subclinical atherosclerosis

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Interleukin-1:an important target for perinatal neuroprotection?

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中国神经再生研究：英文版 2023年第1期18卷 47-50页

作者： Sharmony b.kelly Elys Green Rod W.Hunt Claudia A.Nold-Petry Alistair J.Gunn Marcel F.Nold robert Galinsky The Ritchie Centre Hudson Institute of Medical ResearchMelbourneVictoriaAustralia Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash UniversityVictoriaAustralia Department of Pediatrics Monash UniversityVictoriaAustralia Monash Newborn Monash Children’s HospitalMelbourneAustralia Department of Physiology The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

Perinatal inflammation is a significant risk factor for lifelong neurodevelopmental impairments such as cerebral *** clinical and preclinical evidence links the severity and pattern of perinatal inflammation to impaired maturation of white and grey matters and reduced brain *** pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of perinatal ***,studies of human and experimental perinatal encephalopathy have demonstrated a strong causative link between perinatal encephalopathy and excessive production of the pro-inflammatory effector cytokine *** this review,we summarize clinical and preclinical evidence that underpins interleukin-1 as a critical factor in initiating and perpatuating systemic and central nervous system inflammation and subsequent perinatal brain *** also highlight the important role of endogenous interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in mitigating interleukin-1-driven neuroinflammation and tissue damage,and summarize outcomes from clinical and mechanistic animal studies that establish the commercially available interleukin-1 receptor antagonist,anakinra,as a safe and effective therapeutic *** reflect on the evidence supporting clinical translation of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist for infants at the greatest risk of perinatal inflammation and impaired neurodevelopment,and suggest a path to advance interleukin-1 receptor antagonist along the translational path for perinatal neuroprotection.

关键词： brain inflammation interleukin-1 receptor antagonist interleukin-1 interleukin-1β neonatal encephalopathy neuroprotection preterm brain injury

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Advances in discovery of novel investigational agents for functional cure of chronic hepatitis b:A comprehensive review of phases II and III therapeutic agents

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 331-343页

作者： robert Lam Joseph K Lim Section of Digestive Diseases Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520United States

Chronic hepatitis b virus(HbV)infection affects over 295 million people globally and an estimated 1.6 million people in the United *** is associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to cirrhosis,liver failure,and liver *** therapy with oral nucleos(t)ide analogues is associated with high rates of virologic suppression,which in turn has been associated with a decreased risk of liver ***,current antiviral regimens are limited by concerns with adverse effects,adherence,resistance,long-term treatment,and ongoing risk for liver *** investigational agents are currently in development and are targeted at achieving functional cure with sustained hepatitis b surface antigen(HbsAg)loss and suppression of HbV *** we review key evidence from phases II and III trials defining the efficacy and safety profiles for key investigational agents for functional cure of chronic hepatitis b,including core/capsid inhibitors,entry inhibitors,RNA interference(siRNA/ASO),HbsAg inhibitors,Toll-like receptor agonists,checkpoint inhibitors,and therapeutic vaccines.

关键词： Hepatitis b virus Treatment Clinical trials RNA interference Entry inhibitors Core inhibitors Immunomodulators

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Effects of soil metal(loid)s pollution on microbial activities and environmental risks in an abandoned chemical smelting site

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 60-70页

作者： Hao Li Jun Yao Jianli Liu Ning Min Geoffrey Sunahara Dongyang Men robert Duran School of Water Resources and Environment Research Center of Environmental Science and EngineeringChina University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill University21111Lakeshore DriveSte-Anne-de-BellevueQuebecH9X 3V9Canada Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie MELODY groupUniversitéde Pau et des Pays de l’AdourE2S-UPPAIPREM UMR CNRS 5254BP 115564013 Pau CedexFrance

Abandoned chemical smelting sites containing toxic substances can seriously threaten and pose a risk to the surrounding ecological *** samples were collected from different depths(0 to 13 m)and analyzed for metal(loid)s content and fractionation,as well as microbial *** potential ecological risk indices for the different soil depths(ordered from high to low)were:1 m(D-1)>surface(S-0)>5 m(D-5)>13 m(D-13)>9 m(D-9),ranging between 1840.65-13,089.62,and representing extremely high environmental risks,of which Cd(and probably not arsenic)contributed to the highest environmental risk.A modified combined pollution risk index(MCR)combining total content and mobile proportion of metal(loid)s,and relative toxicities,was used to evaluate the degree of contamination and potential environmental *** the near-surface samples(S-0 and D-1 layers),the MCR considered that As,Cd,Pb,Sb,and Zn achieved high and alarming degrees of contamination,whereas Fe,Mn,and Ti were negligible or low to moderate pollution *** microcalorimetry and enzymatic activity measurements of contaminated soil samples were used to assess the microbial metabolic activity *** analysis elucidated the relationship between metal(loid)s exchangeable fraction or content and microbial activity characteristics(pbial metabolic activity in the D-1 layer was low presumably due to heavy metal *** activity indicators and microcalorimetric growth rate(k)measurements were considered sensitive indicators to reflect the soil microbial activities in abandoned chemical smelting sites.

关键词： Abandoned chemical smelting sites Microbial activities Modified combined pollution risk Microcalorimetry Enzymatic activities

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Coated boron layers by boronization and a real-time boron coating using an impurity powder dropper in the LHD

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第8期26卷 25-31页

作者： Naoko ASHIKAWA robert LUNSFORD Federico NESPOLI Erik GILSON Yaowei YU Jiansheng HU Shinichiro KADO National Institute for Fusion Science Toki 509-5292Japan Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory Princeton NJ 08540United States of America Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People’s Republic of China Institute of Advanced Energy Kyoto UniversityKyoto 611-0011Japan

In the Large Helical Device(LHD),diborane(b2H6)is used as a standard boron source for boronization,which is assisted by helium glow *** 2019,a new Impurity Powder Dropper(IPD)system was installed and is under evaluation as a real-time wall conditioning *** the LHD,which is a large-sized heliotron device,an additional helium(He)glow discharge cleaning(GDC)after boronization was operated for a reduction in hydrogen recycling from the coated boron *** operational time of 3 h was determined by spectroscopic data during glow discharges.A flat hydrogen profile is obtained on the top surface of the coated boron on the specimen exposed to *** results suggest a reduction in hydrogen at the top surface by *** oxygen in coated boron was obtained by boronization,and the coated boron,which has boron-oxide,on the first wall by b-IPD was also *** the difference in coating areas between b2H6 boronization and b-IPD operation,it would be most effective to use the IPD and b2H6 boronization coating together for optimized wall conditioning.

关键词： boron layer oxygen impurity hydrogen recycling impurity powder dropper LHD EAST

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Effect of biochar Type and bradyrhizobium japonicum Seed Inoculation on Soybean Growth, Nodulation and Yield in a Tropical Ferric Acrisol

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第6期15卷 635-675页

作者： Gbadebo Monday Elebiyo robert Thomas bachmann Department of Crop and Soil Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and bio-Engineering Technology Green Chemistry and Sustainable Engineering Technology Cluster Universiti Kuala Lumpur Alor Gajah Malaysia

In tropical environments, most soybean growth studies have utilized rice husk biochar (RHb) in soil, even though it is low in nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorous. This may not give short-term agronomic performance relative to enriched biochar. Moreover, the impact of inoculating soybean seeds with atmospheric nitrogen-fixing bacterium bradyrhizobium japonicum on nodulation and grain yield has produced inconclusive findings in the literature. This research therefore aims to assess the effect of poultry manure (PM), poultry manure biochar (PMb) and RHb alone and in combinations on grain yield, dry shoot and root biomass of soybeans in the semi-deciduous agro-ecological zone. In addition, the effect of b. japonicum inoculated and non-inoculated soybean seeds on nodulation and grain yield was also investigated. The treatments followed a split plot design studying inoculation and non-inoculation, soil amendments (eight), and control subplot factors, respectively. The results show that the amendment of a ferric acrisol with 4 Mg∙ha−1 PM, 10 Mg∙ha−1 RHb + 2 Mg∙ha−1 PM, and 5 Mg∙ha−1 RHb + 4 Mg∙ha−1 PMb with b. japonicum inoculated seed produced significantly greater grain yield (p = 0.05). PM treatment had a significant (p b. japonicum-inoculated soybean seeds significantly (p = 0.014) increased soybean nodulation. This study suggests that RHb combined with PM or PMb provides a beneficial source of N, P, and K, resulting in improved soybean yield and nodulation in a tropical ferric acrisol.

关键词： biochar Poultry Manure Soil Fertility Soil Microorganism Soybean Production

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Nitrate reduction capacity of the oral microbiota is impaired in periodontitis:potential implications for systemic nitric oxide availability

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第1期16卷 52-61页

作者： bob T.Rosier William Johnston Miguel Carda-Diéguez Annabel Simpson Elena Cabello-Yeves Krystyna Piela robert Reilly Alejandro Artacho Chris Easton Mia burleigh Shauna Culshaw Alex Mira Department of Genomics and Health FISABIO FoundationCenter for Advanced Research in Public HealthValenciaSpain Department of biological and biomedical Sciences Glasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgowUK Oral Sciences University of Glasgow Dental SchoolSchool of MedicineDentistry and NursingCollege of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute University of the West of ScotlandBlantyreScotland Instituto de biomedicina de Valencia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(IBV-CSIC)ValenciaSpain CIbER Center for Epidemiology and Public Health MadridSpain

The reduction of nitrate to nitrite by the oral microbiota has been proposed to be important for oral health and results in nitric oxide formation that can improve cardiometabolic conditions. Studies of bacterial composition in subgingival plaque suggest that nitrate-reducing bacteria are associated with periodontal health, but the impact of periodontitis on nitrate-reducing capacity(NRC)and, therefore, nitric oxide availability has not been evaluated. The current study aimed to evaluate how periodontitis affects the NRC of the oral microbiota. First, 16S rRNA sequencing data from five different countries were analyzed, revealing that nitratereducing bacteria were significantly lower in subgingival plaque of periodontitis patients compared with healthy individuals(P bgingival plaque, saliva, and plasma samples were obtained from 42 periodontitis patients before and after periodontal treatment. The oral NRC was determined in vitro by incubating saliva with 8 mmol/L nitrate(a concentration found in saliva after nitrate-rich vegetable intake) and compared with the NRC of 15healthy individuals. Salivary NRC was found to be diminished in periodontal patients before treatment(P but recovered to healthy levels 90 days post-treatment. Additionally, the subgingival levels of nitrate-reducing bacteria increased after treatment and correlated negatively with periodontitis-associated bacteria(P baseline saliva and plasma nitrate and nitrite levels was found, indicating that differences in the NRC may only be revealed after nitrate intake. Our results suggest that an impaired NRC in periodontitis could limit dietary nitrate-derived nitric oxide levels, and the effect on systemic health should be explored in future studies.

关键词： impaired intake nitrate

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不同商业批次花生的黄曲霉毒素水平模拟研究

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核农学报 2024年第2期38卷 336-344页

作者：陈尤佳 Panagiota H Tsatsos 张嘉玲 Haydu K robert 玛氏箭牌有限公司全球科学与技术部北京101407 玛氏箭牌有限公司全球科学与技术部伊利诺伊芝加哥60642 玛氏箭牌糖果(中国)有限公司商务部广东广州510623 玛氏箭牌有限公司全球质量与食品安全部伊利诺伊芝加哥60642

为准确获知花生贸易中商业批次的黄曲霉毒素水平,本研究通过模拟应用联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)的农业品类真菌毒素取样模型,以脱壳整粒花生批次为模拟对象,在中国、日本法规限值下,分别设置实验室样品数目、实验室样品量和接受/拒绝限... 详细信息

为准确获知花生贸易中商业批次的黄曲霉毒素水平,本研究通过模拟应用联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)的农业品类真菌毒素取样模型,以脱壳整粒花生批次为模拟对象,在中国、日本法规限值下,分别设置实验室样品数目、实验室样品量和接受/拒绝限值,模拟每种组合超出法规限值的接收/放行概率。结果表明,在常规黄曲霉毒素风险的产季/产地下,批次能够满足>90%概率符合中国国标和日本法规的取样方案分别为:设置接受/拒绝限值为黄曲霉毒素b15~10 ng·g^(-1),实验室样品数目和样品量分别为2~3个、5~10 kg;设置接受/拒绝限值为黄曲霉毒素总量5 ng·g^(-1),实验室样品数目和样品量分别为3个、10 kg。推荐在以下3种高风险或风险不确定情景下应用此模型制订升级取样方案、调整接收限值、增强采购/销售信心:黄曲霉毒素高风险产季/产地采购;新开发的供应商/采购区域;批次超标预警时对新批次的放行,以免连续超标。本研究结果为中国花生加工/贸易企业提供了科学取样方案,进而为保障食品安全、保护企业经济利益提供了理论参考。

关键词：花生黄曲霉毒素取样模拟

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ITPK1 is an InsP/ADP phosphotransferase that controls phosphate signaling in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1151-1157页

作者： Esther Riemer Danye Qiu Debabrata Laha robert K.Harmel Philipp Gaugler Verena Gaugler Michael Frei Mohammad-Reza Hajirezaei Nargis Parvin Laha Lukas Krusenbaum Robin Schneider Adolfo Saiardi Dorothea Fiedler Henning J.Jessen Gabriel Schaaf Ricardo F.H.Giehi 不详

(Molecular Plant 14,1864-1880;November 12021)We identified a mistake made when calculating the absolute concentrations of inositol(pyro)phosphates derived from CE-ESl-MS measurements reported in the originally published version of our *** to a calculation error when determining concentrations per fresh biomass,the absolute values shown in the manuscript are approximately 30-fold lower than they should *** mistake affects Figures 2D,3C,4C,and 7D and Figures S4,S11b,S13,and *** all conclusions made in the article referred to relative differences between genotypes and treatments,they remained unaffected by these mistakes.

关键词： ipt Arabidopsis absolute

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