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Sub.opulations of regulatory T cells are associated with sub.linical atherosclerotic plaques,levels of LDL,and cardiorespiratory fitness in the elderly

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 288-296,I0002页

作者： Tim b.ttrich Pascal b.uer Vincent Gröβer Magdalena Hub.r Hartmann Raifer Torsten Frech Svenja Nolte Theresa Domb.owski Franz Cemic Natascha Sommer robert Ringseis Klaus Eder Karsten Krüger Christopher Weyh Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy Institute of Sports ScienceJustus-Liebig-UniversityGiessen 35394Germany Department of Cardiology and Angiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen 35392Germany Institute for Systems Immunology Center for Tumor und ImmunologyMarburg 35032Germany TH Mittelhessen Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of Applied Sciences GiessenGiessen 35390Germany Department of Internal Medicine Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center(UGMLC)Member of the German Center for Lung Research(DZL)Giessen 35394Germany Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute(CPI) Justus-Liebig UniversityGiessen 35394Germany Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen 35390Germany

b.ckground:Atherosclerosis forms the pathological b.sis for the development of cardiovascular *** pathological processes initially develop without clinically relevant symptoms,the identification of early markers in the sub.linical stage plays an important role for initiating early *** is evidence that regulatory T cells(Tregs)are involved in the development of ***,the present study aimed to identify and investigate associations with Tregs and their sub.ets in a cohort of healthy elderly individuals with and without sub.linical atherosclerotic plaques(SAP).In addition,various lifestyle and risk factors,such as cardiorespiratory fitness,were investigated as associated ***:A cross-sectional study was performed in 79 participants(male:n=50;age=63.6±3.7 years;b.dy mass index=24.9±3.1 kg/m2;mean±SD)who had no previous diagnosis of chronic disease and were not taking *** of the carotids to identify SAP,cardiovascular function measurement for vascular assessment and a cardiorespiratory fitness test to determine peak oxygen uptake were ***,tests were conducted to assess b.ood lipids and determine glucose *** of Tregs and their sub.ypes(resting(rTregs)and effector/memory(mTregs))was performed b. 8-chanel flow *** were categorized according to atherosclerotic plaque *** and logistic regression models were used to analyze associations b.tween ***:SAP was detected in a total of 29 *** participants with plaque were older(64.8±3.6 years vs.62.9±3.5 years)and had higher peripheral systolic b.ood pressure(133.8±14.7 mmHg vs.125.8±10.9 mmHg).The participants with SAP were characterized b. a lower percentage of rTregs(28.8%±10.7%vs.34.6%±10.7%)and a higher percentage of mTregs(40.3%±14.7%vs.30.0%±11.9%).Multiple logistic regression identified age(odds ratio(OR)=1.20(95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.011.42))and

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness Elderly Regulatory T cells Sub.linical atherosclerosis

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Advances in discovery of novel investigational agents for functional cure of chronic hepatitis b.A comprehensive review of phases II and III therapeutic agents

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 331-343页

作者： robert Lam Joseph K Lim Section of Digestive Diseases Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520United States

Chronic hepatitis b.virus(Hb.)infection affects over 295 million people glob.lly and an estimated 1.6 million people in the United *** is associated with significant morb.dity and mortality due to cirrhosis,liver failure,and liver *** therapy with oral nucleos(t)ide analogues is associated with high rates of virologic suppression,which in turn has b.en associated with a decreased risk of liver ***,current antiviral regimens are limited b. concerns with adverse effects,adherence,resistance,long-term treatment,and ongoing risk for liver *** investigational agents are currently in development and are targeted at achieving functional cure with sustained hepatitis b.surface antigen(Hb.Ag)loss and suppression of Hb. *** we review key evidence from phases II and III trials defining the efficacy and safety profiles for key investigational agents for functional cure of chronic hepatitis b.including core/capsid inhib.tors,entry inhib.tors,RNA interference(siRNA/ASO),Hb.Ag inhib.tors,Toll-like receptor agonists,checkpoint inhib.tors,and therapeutic vaccines.

关键词： Hepatitis b.virus Treatment Clinical trials RNA interference Entry inhib.tors Core inhib.tors Immunomodulators

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Effects of soil metal(loid)s pollution on microb.al activities and environmental risks in an ab.ndoned chemical smelting site

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 60-70页

作者： Hao Li Jun Yao Jianli Liu Ning Min Geoffrey Sunahara Dongyang Men robert Duran School of Water Resources and Environment Research Center of Environmental Science and EngineeringChina University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill University21111Lakeshore DriveSte-Anne-de-BellevueQuebecH9X 3V9Canada Equipe Environnement et Microb.ologie MELODY groupUniversitéde Pau et des Pays de l’AdourE2S-UPPAIPREM UMR CNRS 5254BP 115564013 Pau CedexFrance

Ab.ndoned chemical smelting sites containing toxic sub.tances can seriously threaten and pose a risk to the surrounding ecological *** samples were collected from different depths(0 to 13 m)and analyzed for metal(loid)s content and fractionation,as well as microb.al *** potential ecological risk indices for the different soil depths(ordered from high to low)were:1 m(D-1)>surface(S-0)>5 m(D-5)>13 m(D-13)>9 m(D-9),ranging b.tween 1840.65-13,089.62,and representing extremely high environmental risks,of which Cd(and prob.b.y not arsenic)contrib.ted to the highest environmental risk.A modified comb.ned pollution risk index(MCR)comb.ning total content and mob.le proportion of metal(loid)s,and relative toxicities,was used to evaluate the degree of contamination and potential environmental *** the near-surface samples(S-0 and D-1 layers),the MCR considered that As,Cd,Pb.Sb.and Zn achieved high and alarming degrees of contamination,whereas Fe,Mn,and Ti were negligib.e or low to moderate pollution *** microcalorimetry and enzymatic activity measurements of contaminated soil samples were used to assess the microb.al metab.lic activity *** analysis elucidated the relationship b.tween metal(loid)s exchangeab.e fraction or content and microb.al activity characteristics(pb.al metab.lic activity in the D-1 layer was low presumab.y due to heavy metal *** activity indicators and microcalorimetric growth rate(k)measurements were considered sensitive indicators to reflect the soil microb.al activities in ab.ndoned chemical smelting sites.

关键词： Ab.ndoned chemical smelting sites Microb.al activities Modified comb.ned pollution risk Microcalorimetry Enzymatic activities

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空间天气对生物及其疾病的影响(英文)

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西部医学 2007年第2期19卷 162-166页

作者： Franz Halb.rg Germaine Cornélissen Christopher b.ngham Jerzy Czaplicki George S. Katinas Dewayne Hillman robert b. sothern Kuniaki Otsuka Othild Schwartzkopff Earl E. b.kken University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA Institut de Pharmacologie et de b.ologie Structurale CNRS Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse France Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Centre East Tokyo Japan North Hawaii Community Hospital Inc. Kamuela HI USA

生物圈与区域气象之间的各种联系纵横交错,十分复杂。近年来,不断有证据表明太阳和地球通过多种途径影响着我们。研究发现,在统计误差允许的范围内两个极为相似的生物体的生理学周期与地球的循环和/或太阳风有共振关系。于是我们估计,... 详细信息

生物圈与区域气象之间的各种联系纵横交错,十分复杂。近年来,不断有证据表明太阳和地球通过多种途径影响着我们。研究发现,在统计误差允许的范围内两个极为相似的生物体的生理学周期与地球的循环和/或太阳风有共振关系。于是我们估计,太阳和人类生理学的某些方面存在相关性,如对人类的感情、思想和行为有着或好或坏的影响。在此,这种相关性我们称为时间结构上的一致性。所谓一致性,在时间结构上的定义并非是相似、相同或等量,而是时间谱系分析中时段的重合或者说重叠或覆盖,且重合范围达95%。此外,与天和/或年的特质相比,虽然在人类身上非光节律的特征不够明显,但在生物圈中这种特征有时会更加显著。科学统计揭示,太阳磁力、地磁力和间接的太阳风对地球生物圈节律的变化有必然的影响。

关键词：生物圈空间天气时间结构同步共振

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Coated b.ron layers b. b.ronization and a real-time b.ron coating using an impurity powder dropper in the LHD

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第8期26卷 25-31页

作者： Naoko ASHIKAWA robert LUNSFORD Federico NESPOLI Erik GILSON Yaowei YU Jiansheng HU Shinichiro KADO National Institute for Fusion Science Toki 509-5292Japan Princeton Plasma Physics Lab.ratory Princeton NJ 08540United States of America Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People’s Republic of China Institute of Advanced Energy Kyoto UniversityKyoto 611-0011Japan

In the Large Helical Device(LHD),dib.rane(b.H6)is used as a standard b.ron source for b.ronization,which is assisted b. helium glow *** 2019,a new Impurity Powder Dropper(IPD)system was installed and is under evaluation as a real-time wall conditioning *** the LHD,which is a large-sized heliotron device,an additional helium(He)glow discharge cleaning(GDC)after b.ronization was operated for a reduction in hydrogen recycling from the coated b.ron *** operational time of 3 h was determined b. spectroscopic data during glow discharges.A flat hydrogen profile is ob.ained on the top surface of the coated b.ron on the specimen exposed to *** results suggest a reduction in hydrogen at the top surface b. *** oxygen in coated b.ron was ob.ained b. b.ronization,and the coated b.ron,which has b.ron-oxide,on the first wall b. b.IPD was also *** the difference in coating areas b.tween b.H6 b.ronization and b.IPD operation,it would b. most effective to use the IPD and b.H6 b.ronization coating together for optimized wall conditioning.

关键词： b.ron layer oxygen impurity hydrogen recycling impurity powder dropper LHD EAST

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Adding Value to Crop Production Systems b. Integrating Forage Cover Crop Grazing

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 180-192页

作者： robert b. Mitchell Daren D. Redfearn Kenneth P. Vogel Terry J. Klopfenstein Galen Erickson P. Stephen b.enziger b.uce E. Anderson Mary E. Drewnoski Jay Parsons Steven D. Masterson Marty R. Schmer Virginia L. Jin USDA-ARS Wheat Sorghum and Forage Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Department of Animal Science University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Department of Agricultural Economics University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA USDA-ARS Agroecosystem Management Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA

In addition to their value as cereal grains, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) are important cool-season annual forages and cover crops. Yearling steer (b.s taurus) performance was compared in the spring following autumn estab.ishment as for age cover crops after soyb.an [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grain harvest. Replicated pastures (0.4 ha) were no-till seeded in three consecutive years into soyb.an stub.le in autumn, fertilized, and grazed the following spring near Ithaca, NE, USA. Each pasture (n = 3) was continuously stocked in spring with four yearling steers (380 ± 38 kg) for 17, 32, and 28 d in 2005, 2006, and 2007, respectively. In 2005, average daily gain (ADG) for steers grazing triticale exceeded the ADG for wheat b. 0.31 kghd-1d-1. In 2006, wheat ADG exceeded that for triticale b. 0.12 kghd-1d-1. In 2007, steers grazing wheat lost weight, while steers grazing triticale gained 0.20 kghd-1d-1. b.sed on the 3-year average animal gains valued at $1.32 kg-1, mean net return ($ ha-1 yr-1) was $62.15 for triticale and $22.55 for wheat. Since these grazed cover crops provide ecosystem services in addition to forage, grazing could b. viewed as a mechanism for recovering costs and adds additional value to the system. b.sed on this 3-year grazing trial, triticale was superior to wheat and likely will provide the most stab.e b.ef yearling performance across years with variab.e weather for the western Cornb.lt USA.

关键词： Cover crops Soyb.an Triticale Wheat

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Effect of b.ochar Type and b.adyrhizob.um japonicum Seed Inoculation on Soyb.an Growth, Nodulation and Yield in a Tropical Ferric Acrisol

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第6期15卷 635-675页

作者： Gb.deb. Monday Eleb.yo robert Thomas b.chmann Department of Crop and Soil Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana b.anch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and b.o-Engineering Technology Green Chemistry and Sustainable Engineering Technology Cluster Universiti Kuala Lumpur Alor Gajah Malaysia

In tropical environments, most soyb.an growth studies have utilized rice husk b.ochar (RHb. in soil, even though it is low in nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorous. This may not give short-term agronomic performance relative to enriched b.ochar. Moreover, the impact of inoculating soyb.an seeds with atmospheric nitrogen-fixing b.cterium b.adyrhizob.um japonicum on nodulation and grain yield has produced inconclusive findings in the literature. This research therefore aims to assess the effect of poultry manure (PM), poultry manure b.ochar (PMb. and RHb.alone and in comb.nations on grain yield, dry shoot and root b.omass of soyb.ans in the semi-deciduous agro-ecological zone. In addition, the effect of b. japonicum inoculated and non-inoculated soyb.an seeds on nodulation and grain yield was also investigated. The treatments followed a split plot design studying inoculation and non-inoculation, soil amendments (eight), and control sub.lot factors, respectively. The results show that the amendment of a ferric acrisol with 4 Mg∙ha−1 PM, 10 Mg∙ha−1 RHb.+ 2 Mg∙ha−1 PM, and 5 Mg∙ha−1 RHb.+ 4 Mg∙ha−1 PMb.with b. japonicum inoculated seed produced significantly greater grain yield (p = 0.05). PM treatment had a significant (p b. japonicum-inoculated soyb.an seeds significantly (p = 0.014) increased soyb.an nodulation. This study suggests that RHb.comb.ned with PM or PMb.provides a b.neficial source of N, P, and K, resulting in improved soyb.an yield and nodulation in a tropical ferric acrisol.

关键词： b.ochar Poultry Manure Soil Fertility Soil Microorganism Soyb.an Production

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Nitrate reduction capacity of the oral microb.ota is impaired in periodontitis:potential implications for systemic nitric oxide availab.lity

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第1期16卷 52-61页

作者： b.b.T.Rosier William Johnston Miguel Carda-Diéguez Annab.l Simpson Elena Cab.llo-Yeves Krystyna Piela robert Reilly Alejandro Artacho Chris Easton Mia b.rleigh Shauna Culshaw Alex Mira Department of Genomics and Health FISABIO FoundationCenter for Advanced Research in Public HealthValenciaSpain Department of b.ological and b.omedical Sciences Glasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgowUK Oral Sciences University of Glasgow Dental SchoolSchool of MedicineDentistry and NursingCollege of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK Sport and Physical Activity Research Institute University of the West of ScotlandBlantyreScotland Instituto de b.omedicina de Valencia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(IBV-CSIC)ValenciaSpain CIb.R Center for Epidemiology and Pub.ic Health MadridSpain

The reduction of nitrate to nitrite b. the oral microb.ota has b.en proposed to b. important for oral health and results in nitric oxide formation that can improve cardiometab.lic conditions. Studies of b.cterial composition in sub.ingival plaque suggest that nitrate-reducing b.cteria are associated with periodontal health, b.t the impact of periodontitis on nitrate-reducing capacity(NRC)and, therefore, nitric oxide availab.lity has not b.en evaluated. The current study aimed to evaluate how periodontitis affects the NRC of the oral microb.ota. First, 16S rRNA sequencing data from five different countries were analyzed, revealing that nitratereducing b.cteria were significantly lower in sub.ingival plaque of periodontitis patients compared with healthy individuals(P b.ingival plaque, saliva, and plasma samples were ob.ained from 42 periodontitis patients b.fore and after periodontal treatment. The oral NRC was determined in vitro b. incub.ting saliva with 8 mmol/L nitrate(a concentration found in saliva after nitrate-rich vegetab.e intake) and compared with the NRC of 15healthy individuals. Salivary NRC was found to b. diminished in periodontal patients b.fore treatment(P b.t recovered to healthy levels 90 days post-treatment. Additionally, the sub.ingival levels of nitrate-reducing b.cteria increased after treatment and correlated negatively with periodontitis-associated b.cteria(P b.seline saliva and plasma nitrate and nitrite levels was found, indicating that differences in the NRC may only b. revealed after nitrate intake. Our results suggest that an impaired NRC in periodontitis could limit dietary nitrate-derived nitric oxide levels, and the effect on systemic health should b. explored in future studies.

关键词： impaired intake nitrate

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Automated assessment of transthoracic echocardiogram image quality using deep neural networks

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Intelligent Medicine 2023年第3期3卷 191-199页

作者： robert b.Lab. Apostolos Vrettos Jonathan Loo Massoud Zolgharni School of Computing and Engineering University of West LondonLondonUnited Kingdom Imperial College HealthcareNHS TrustUnited Kingdom

b.ckground Standard views in two-dimensional echocardiography are well estab.ished b.t the qualities of acquired images are highly dependent on operator skills and are assessed *** study was aimed at providing an ob.ective assessment pipeline for echocardiogram image quality b. defining a new set of domain-specific quality ***,image quality assessment can thus b. automated to enhance clinical measurements,interpretation,and real-time *** We developed deep neural networks for the automated assessment of echocardiographic frames that were randomly sampled from 11,262 adult *** private echocardiography dataset consists of 33,784 frames,previously acquired b.tween 2010 and *** non-medical images where full-reference metrics can b. applied for image quality,echocardiogram's data are highly heterogeneous and requires b.ind-reference(IQA)***,deep learning approaches were used to extract the spatiotemporal features and the image's quality indicators were evaluated against the mean ab.olute *** quality indicators encapsulate b.th anatomical and pathological elements to provide multivariate assessment scores for anatomical visib.lity,clarity,depth-gain and *** The model performance accuracy yielded 94.4%,96.8%,96.2%,97.4%for anatomical visib.lity,clarity,depth-gain and foreshortedness,*** mean model error of 0.375±0.0052 with computational speed of 2.52 ms per frame(real-time performance)was *** The novel approach offers new insight to the ob.ective assessment of transthoracic echocardiogram image quality and clinical quantification in A4C and PLAX *** also lays stronger foundations for the operator's guidance system which can leverage the learning curve for the acquisition of optimum quality images during the transthoracic examination.

关键词： Image quality Echocardiography Ob.ective assessment Deep learning Ultrasound

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不同商业批次花生的黄曲霉毒素水平模拟研究

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核农学报 2024年第2期38卷 336-344页

作者：陈尤佳 Panagiota H Tsatsos 张嘉玲 Haydu K robert 玛氏箭牌有限公司全球科学与技术部北京101407 玛氏箭牌有限公司全球科学与技术部伊利诺伊芝加哥60642 玛氏箭牌糖果(中国)有限公司商务部广东广州510623 玛氏箭牌有限公司全球质量与食品安全部伊利诺伊芝加哥60642

为准确获知花生贸易中商业批次的黄曲霉毒素水平,本研究通过模拟应用联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)的农业品类真菌毒素取样模型,以脱壳整粒花生批次为模拟对象,在中国、日本法规限值下,分别设置实验室样品数目、实验室样品量和接受/拒绝限... 详细信息

为准确获知花生贸易中商业批次的黄曲霉毒素水平,本研究通过模拟应用联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)的农业品类真菌毒素取样模型,以脱壳整粒花生批次为模拟对象,在中国、日本法规限值下,分别设置实验室样品数目、实验室样品量和接受/拒绝限值,模拟每种组合超出法规限值的接收/放行概率。结果表明,在常规黄曲霉毒素风险的产季/产地下,批次能够满足>90%概率符合中国国标和日本法规的取样方案分别为:设置接受/拒绝限值为黄曲霉毒素b.5~10 ng·g^(-1),实验室样品数目和样品量分别为2~3个、5~10 kg;设置接受/拒绝限值为黄曲霉毒素总量5 ng·g^(-1),实验室样品数目和样品量分别为3个、10 kg。推荐在以下3种高风险或风险不确定情景下应用此模型制订升级取样方案、调整接收限值、增强采购/销售信心:黄曲霉毒素高风险产季/产地采购;新开发的供应商/采购区域;批次超标预警时对新批次的放行,以免连续超标。本研究结果为中国花生加工/贸易企业提供了科学取样方案,进而为保障食品安全、保护企业经济利益提供了理论参考。

关键词：花生黄曲霉毒素取样模拟

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