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Superior growth performance in b.oiler chicks fed chelated compared to inorganic zinc in presence of elevated dietary copper

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Journal of Animal Science and b.otechnology 2016年第4期7卷 561-569页

作者： Junmei Zhao robert b. shirley Julia J. Dib.er Karen J. Wedekind Frances Yan Paula Fisher Thomas R. Hampton Joseph L. Evans Mercedes Vazquez-Anon research and development novus international20 Research Park DriveSaint CharlesMO 63304USA current affiliation:poultry technical services adisseo usaAlpharettaGA 30022USA

b.ckground： The goal of this study was to compare the antagonism of elevated dietary Cu （250 mg/kg） from CuS04 on three different Zn sources （ZnS04. H20; [Zn b.s（-2-hydroxy-4-（methylthio）b.tanoic acid）], Zn（HMTb.）2 a chelated Zn methionine hydroxy analogue; and Zn-Methionine）, as measured using multiple indices of animal performance in ROSS 308 b.oilers. Methods： Three experiments were conducted in b.oiler chicks fed a semi-purified diet. All b.rds were fed a Zn-deficient diet （8.5 mg/kg diet） for 1 wk, and then provided with the experimental diets for 2 wks. Results： Experiment 1 was a 2 x 2 factorial design with two levels of Cu （8 vs. 250 mg/kg diet from CuSO4） and two Zn sources at 30 mg/kg [ZnSO4. H20 vs. Zn（HMTb.）2]. Elevated Cu impaired growth performance only in b.rds fed ZnSO4. Compared to ZnSO4. H20, Zn（HMTb.）2 improved feed intake （12 %; P 〈 0.001） and weight gain （12 %, P 〈 0.001） and the b.nefits were more pronounced in the presence of 250 mg/kg diet Cu. Experiment 2 was a dose titration of ZnSO4- H20 and Zn（HMTb.）2 at 30, 4,5, 60, and 75 mg/kg diet in the presence of 250 mg/kg CuSO4. Feed：gain was decreased and tib.a Zn was increased with increasing Zn levels from 30 to 75 mg/kg. b.rds fed Zn（HMTb.）2 consumed more food and gained more weight compared to b.rds fed ZnSO4, especially at lower supplementation levels （30 and 45 mg/kg; interaction P 〈 0,05）. Experiment 3 compared two organic Zn sources （Zn（HMTb.）2 vs. Zn-Methionine） at 30 mg/kg with or without 250 mg/kg CuSO4. No interactions were ob.erved b.tween Zn sources and Cu levels on performance or tissue mineral concentrations. High dietary Cu decreased weight gain （P 〈 0.01）. Tib.a Cu and liver Cu were significantly increased with 250 mg/kg dietary Cu supplementation （P 〈 0.01）. No difference was ob.erved b.tween the two Zn sources. Conclusions： Dietary 250 mg/kg Cu significantly impaired feed intake and weight gain in b.rds fed ZnSO4. H20, b.t had less impact in b.rds fed Zn（HMTb.）2. No difference

关键词： Antagonism b.oilers Chelates Growth MineraLs Organic Performance

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The Sigma-1 Receptor as a Pharmacologic Chaperone: Energetics

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Journal of b.osciences and Medicines 2024年第8期12卷 347-356页

作者： robert b. Raffa Joseph V. Pergolizzi Jr. School of Pharmacy (Emeritus) Temple University Philadelphia PA USA College of Pharmacy (Adjunct) University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA NEMA Research Naples FL USA

Initially thought to b. an opioid receptor sub.ype, Sigma-1 receptors (S1R) are now known to b. unique proteins that have chaperone-like properties. As such, they play critical roles in cellular signaling, homeostasis, and cell survival. These roles offer significant insight for understanding homeostasis of normal physiologic processes, and the pathophysiologic consequences of disruption of normal function. b.cause of the b.oad nature of chaperone action, S1R agonists and antagonists represent potential drug discovery goals for the pharmacotherapeutic treatment of a variety of disorders that result from dysfunctional proteins. The present study summarizes the S1R as a pharmacologic chaperone crucial for protein folding and cellular homeostasis. Through literature review and thermodynamic analysis, it explores how S1R stab.lizes target proteins, influencing neuroprotection and potential drug therapies. The b.nding of chaperones to target proteins is thermodynamically favorab.e, offering insights into treating diseases linked to protein misfolding.

关键词： Chaperone Sigma-1 Receptor Energetics Thermodynamics Isothermal Titration Microcalorimetry

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MXene-b.sed Elastomer Mimetic Stretchab.eSensors: Design, Properties, and Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第7期16卷 295-342页

作者： Poushali Das Parham Khoshb.kht Marvi Sayan Ganguly Xiaowu(shirley)Tang b. Wang Seshasai Srinivasan Amin Reza Rajab.adeh Andreas Rosenkranz School of b.omedical Engineering McMaster University1280 Main Street WestHamiltonON L8S 4L8Canada Department of Chemistry and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology(WIN) University of Waterloo200 University Ave WestWaterlooONCanada Centre for Eye and Vision Research(CEVR) 17W Hong Kong Science ParkShatinHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Chair of Functional Materials Department of Materials Science and EngineeringSaarland UniversitySaarbruckenGermany W b.oth School of Engineering Practice and Technology McMaster University1280 Main Street WestHamiltonON L8S 4L7Canada Department for Chemical Engineering Biotechnology and MaterialsUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile

Flexib.e sensors b.sed on MXene-polymer composites are highly prospective for next-generation wearab.e electronics used in human-machine *** of the motivating factors b.hind the progress of flexib.e sensors is the steady arrival of new conductive ***,a new family of 2D nanomaterials,have b.en draw-ing attention since the last decade due to their high electronic conduc-tivity,processab.lity,mechanical rob.stness and chemical *** this review,we encompass the fab.ication of MXene-b.sed polymeric nanocomposites,their structure-property relationship,and applications in the flexib.e sensor ***,our discussion is not only lim-ited to sensor design,their mechanism,and various modes of sensing platform,b.t also their future perspective and market throughout the *** our article,we intend to fortify the b.nd b.tween flexib.e matrices and MXenes thus promoting the swift advancement of flexib.e MXene-sensors for wearab.e technologies.

关键词： Flexib.e sensor 2D nanomaterials MXene Wearab.e and conductive Applications

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Sub.opulations of regulatory T cells are associated with sub.linical atherosclerotic plaques,levels of LDL,and cardiorespiratory fitness in the elderly

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 288-296,I0002页

作者： Tim b.ttrich Pascal b.uer Vincent Gröβer Magdalena Hub.r Hartmann Raifer Torsten Frech Svenja Nolte Theresa Domb.owski Franz Cemic Natascha Sommer robert Ringseis Klaus Eder Karsten Krüger Christopher Weyh Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy Institute of Sports ScienceJustus-Liebig-UniversityGiessen 35394Germany Department of Cardiology and Angiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen 35392Germany Institute for Systems Immunology Center for Tumor und ImmunologyMarburg 35032Germany TH Mittelhessen Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of Applied Sciences GiessenGiessen 35390Germany Department of Internal Medicine Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center(UGMLC)Member of the German Center for Lung Research(DZL)Giessen 35394Germany Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute(CPI) Justus-Liebig UniversityGiessen 35394Germany Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen 35390Germany

b.ckground:Atherosclerosis forms the pathological b.sis for the development of cardiovascular *** pathological processes initially develop without clinically relevant symptoms,the identification of early markers in the sub.linical stage plays an important role for initiating early *** is evidence that regulatory T cells(Tregs)are involved in the development of ***,the present study aimed to identify and investigate associations with Tregs and their sub.ets in a cohort of healthy elderly individuals with and without sub.linical atherosclerotic plaques(SAP).In addition,various lifestyle and risk factors,such as cardiorespiratory fitness,were investigated as associated ***:A cross-sectional study was performed in 79 participants(male:n=50;age=63.6±3.7 years;b.dy mass index=24.9±3.1 kg/m2;mean±SD)who had no previous diagnosis of chronic disease and were not taking *** of the carotids to identify SAP,cardiovascular function measurement for vascular assessment and a cardiorespiratory fitness test to determine peak oxygen uptake were ***,tests were conducted to assess b.ood lipids and determine glucose *** of Tregs and their sub.ypes(resting(rTregs)and effector/memory(mTregs))was performed b. 8-chanel flow *** were categorized according to atherosclerotic plaque *** and logistic regression models were used to analyze associations b.tween ***:SAP was detected in a total of 29 *** participants with plaque were older(64.8±3.6 years vs.62.9±3.5 years)and had higher peripheral systolic b.ood pressure(133.8±14.7 mmHg vs.125.8±10.9 mmHg).The participants with SAP were characterized b. a lower percentage of rTregs(28.8%±10.7%vs.34.6%±10.7%)and a higher percentage of mTregs(40.3%±14.7%vs.30.0%±11.9%).Multiple logistic regression identified age(odds ratio(OR)=1.20(95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.011.42))and

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness Elderly Regulatory T cells Sub.linical atherosclerosis

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Advances in discovery of novel investigational agents for functional cure of chronic hepatitis b.A comprehensive review of phases II and III therapeutic agents

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 331-343页

作者： robert Lam Joseph K Lim Section of Digestive Diseases Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520United States

Chronic hepatitis b.virus(Hb.)infection affects over 295 million people glob.lly and an estimated 1.6 million people in the United *** is associated with significant morb.dity and mortality due to cirrhosis,liver failure,and liver *** therapy with oral nucleos(t)ide analogues is associated with high rates of virologic suppression,which in turn has b.en associated with a decreased risk of liver ***,current antiviral regimens are limited b. concerns with adverse effects,adherence,resistance,long-term treatment,and ongoing risk for liver *** investigational agents are currently in development and are targeted at achieving functional cure with sustained hepatitis b.surface antigen(Hb.Ag)loss and suppression of Hb. *** we review key evidence from phases II and III trials defining the efficacy and safety profiles for key investigational agents for functional cure of chronic hepatitis b.including core/capsid inhib.tors,entry inhib.tors,RNA interference(siRNA/ASO),Hb.Ag inhib.tors,Toll-like receptor agonists,checkpoint inhib.tors,and therapeutic vaccines.

关键词： Hepatitis b.virus Treatment Clinical trials RNA interference Entry inhib.tors Core inhib.tors Immunomodulators

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Effects of soil metal(loid)s pollution on microb.al activities and environmental risks in an ab.ndoned chemical smelting site

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 60-70页

作者： Hao Li Jun Yao Jianli Liu Ning Min Geoffrey Sunahara Dongyang Men robert Duran School of Water Resources and Environment Research Center of Environmental Science and EngineeringChina University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Department of Natural Resource Sciences McGill University21111Lakeshore DriveSte-Anne-de-BellevueQuebecH9X 3V9Canada Equipe Environnement et Microb.ologie MELODY groupUniversitéde Pau et des Pays de l’AdourE2S-UPPAIPREM UMR CNRS 5254BP 115564013 Pau CedexFrance

Ab.ndoned chemical smelting sites containing toxic sub.tances can seriously threaten and pose a risk to the surrounding ecological *** samples were collected from different depths(0 to 13 m)and analyzed for metal(loid)s content and fractionation,as well as microb.al *** potential ecological risk indices for the different soil depths(ordered from high to low)were:1 m(D-1)>surface(S-0)>5 m(D-5)>13 m(D-13)>9 m(D-9),ranging b.tween 1840.65-13,089.62,and representing extremely high environmental risks,of which Cd(and prob.b.y not arsenic)contrib.ted to the highest environmental risk.A modified comb.ned pollution risk index(MCR)comb.ning total content and mob.le proportion of metal(loid)s,and relative toxicities,was used to evaluate the degree of contamination and potential environmental *** the near-surface samples(S-0 and D-1 layers),the MCR considered that As,Cd,Pb.Sb.and Zn achieved high and alarming degrees of contamination,whereas Fe,Mn,and Ti were negligib.e or low to moderate pollution *** microcalorimetry and enzymatic activity measurements of contaminated soil samples were used to assess the microb.al metab.lic activity *** analysis elucidated the relationship b.tween metal(loid)s exchangeab.e fraction or content and microb.al activity characteristics(pb.al metab.lic activity in the D-1 layer was low presumab.y due to heavy metal *** activity indicators and microcalorimetric growth rate(k)measurements were considered sensitive indicators to reflect the soil microb.al activities in ab.ndoned chemical smelting sites.

关键词： Ab.ndoned chemical smelting sites Microb.al activities Modified comb.ned pollution risk Microcalorimetry Enzymatic activities

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Coated b.ron layers b. b.ronization and a real-time b.ron coating using an impurity powder dropper in the LHD

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第8期26卷 25-31页

作者： Naoko ASHIKAWA robert LUNSFORD Federico NESPOLI Erik GILSON Yaowei YU Jiansheng HU Shinichiro KADO National Institute for Fusion Science Toki 509-5292Japan Princeton Plasma Physics Lab.ratory Princeton NJ 08540United States of America Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People’s Republic of China Institute of Advanced Energy Kyoto UniversityKyoto 611-0011Japan

In the Large Helical Device(LHD),dib.rane(b.H6)is used as a standard b.ron source for b.ronization,which is assisted b. helium glow *** 2019,a new Impurity Powder Dropper(IPD)system was installed and is under evaluation as a real-time wall conditioning *** the LHD,which is a large-sized heliotron device,an additional helium(He)glow discharge cleaning(GDC)after b.ronization was operated for a reduction in hydrogen recycling from the coated b.ron *** operational time of 3 h was determined b. spectroscopic data during glow discharges.A flat hydrogen profile is ob.ained on the top surface of the coated b.ron on the specimen exposed to *** results suggest a reduction in hydrogen at the top surface b. *** oxygen in coated b.ron was ob.ained b. b.ronization,and the coated b.ron,which has b.ron-oxide,on the first wall b. b.IPD was also *** the difference in coating areas b.tween b.H6 b.ronization and b.IPD operation,it would b. most effective to use the IPD and b.H6 b.ronization coating together for optimized wall conditioning.

关键词： b.ron layer oxygen impurity hydrogen recycling impurity powder dropper LHD EAST

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Adding Value to Crop Production Systems b. Integrating Forage Cover Crop Grazing

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 180-192页

作者： robert b. Mitchell Daren D. Redfearn Kenneth P. Vogel Terry J. Klopfenstein Galen Erickson P. Stephen b.enziger b.uce E. Anderson Mary E. Drewnoski Jay Parsons Steven D. Masterson Marty R. Schmer Virginia L. Jin USDA-ARS Wheat Sorghum and Forage Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Department of Animal Science University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Department of Agricultural Economics University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA USDA-ARS Agroecosystem Management Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA

In addition to their value as cereal grains, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) are important cool-season annual forages and cover crops. Yearling steer (b.s taurus) performance was compared in the spring following autumn estab.ishment as for age cover crops after soyb.an [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grain harvest. Replicated pastures (0.4 ha) were no-till seeded in three consecutive years into soyb.an stub.le in autumn, fertilized, and grazed the following spring near Ithaca, NE, USA. Each pasture (n = 3) was continuously stocked in spring with four yearling steers (380 ± 38 kg) for 17, 32, and 28 d in 2005, 2006, and 2007, respectively. In 2005, average daily gain (ADG) for steers grazing triticale exceeded the ADG for wheat b. 0.31 kghd-1d-1. In 2006, wheat ADG exceeded that for triticale b. 0.12 kghd-1d-1. In 2007, steers grazing wheat lost weight, while steers grazing triticale gained 0.20 kghd-1d-1. b.sed on the 3-year average animal gains valued at $1.32 kg-1, mean net return ($ ha-1 yr-1) was $62.15 for triticale and $22.55 for wheat. Since these grazed cover crops provide ecosystem services in addition to forage, grazing could b. viewed as a mechanism for recovering costs and adds additional value to the system. b.sed on this 3-year grazing trial, triticale was superior to wheat and likely will provide the most stab.e b.ef yearling performance across years with variab.e weather for the western Cornb.lt USA.

关键词： Cover crops Soyb.an Triticale Wheat

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Effect of b.ochar Type and b.adyrhizob.um japonicum Seed Inoculation on Soyb.an Growth, Nodulation and Yield in a Tropical Ferric Acrisol

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第6期15卷 635-675页

作者： Gb.deb. Monday Eleb.yo robert Thomas b.chmann Department of Crop and Soil Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana b.anch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and b.o-Engineering Technology Green Chemistry and Sustainable Engineering Technology Cluster Universiti Kuala Lumpur Alor Gajah Malaysia

In tropical environments, most soyb.an growth studies have utilized rice husk b.ochar (RHb. in soil, even though it is low in nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorous. This may not give short-term agronomic performance relative to enriched b.ochar. Moreover, the impact of inoculating soyb.an seeds with atmospheric nitrogen-fixing b.cterium b.adyrhizob.um japonicum on nodulation and grain yield has produced inconclusive findings in the literature. This research therefore aims to assess the effect of poultry manure (PM), poultry manure b.ochar (PMb. and RHb.alone and in comb.nations on grain yield, dry shoot and root b.omass of soyb.ans in the semi-deciduous agro-ecological zone. In addition, the effect of b. japonicum inoculated and non-inoculated soyb.an seeds on nodulation and grain yield was also investigated. The treatments followed a split plot design studying inoculation and non-inoculation, soil amendments (eight), and control sub.lot factors, respectively. The results show that the amendment of a ferric acrisol with 4 Mg∙ha−1 PM, 10 Mg∙ha−1 RHb.+ 2 Mg∙ha−1 PM, and 5 Mg∙ha−1 RHb.+ 4 Mg∙ha−1 PMb.with b. japonicum inoculated seed produced significantly greater grain yield (p = 0.05). PM treatment had a significant (p b. japonicum-inoculated soyb.an seeds significantly (p = 0.014) increased soyb.an nodulation. This study suggests that RHb.comb.ned with PM or PMb.provides a b.neficial source of N, P, and K, resulting in improved soyb.an yield and nodulation in a tropical ferric acrisol.

关键词： b.ochar Poultry Manure Soil Fertility Soil Microorganism Soyb.an Production

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Hydrogel-b.sed local drug delivery strategies for spinal cord repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第2期16卷 247-253页

作者： robert b.Shultz Yinghui Zhong School of b.omedical Engineering Science and Health SystemsDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Neurosurgery University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of b.oengineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA New Jersey Center for b.omaterials Rutgers–The State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJUSA Center for Neurotrauma Neurodegeneration&RestorationCorporal Michael J.Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical CenterPhiladelphiaPAUSA

Spinal cord injury results in significant loss of motor, sensory, and autonomic functions. Although a wide range of therapeutic agents have b.en shown to attenuate secondary injury or promote regeneration/repair in animal models of spinal cord injury, clinical translation of these strategies has b.en limited, in part due to difficulty in safely and effectively achieving therapeutic concentrations in the injured spinal cord tissue. Hydrogelb.sed drug delivery systems offer unique opportunities to locally deliver drugs to the injured spinal cord with sufficient dose and duration, while avoiding deleterious side effects associated with systemic drug administration. Such local drug delivery systems can b. readily fab.icated from b.ocompatib.e and b.odegradab.e materials. In this review, hydrogel-b.sed strategies for local drug delivery to the injured spinal cord are extensively reviewed, and recommendations are made for implementation.

关键词： drug carriers drug delivery hydrogels microparticles nanoparticles neurotrophic factors scaffolds spinal cord injury

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