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Intestinal glucagon-like peptide-1:A new player associated with impaired counterregulatory responses to hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetic mice

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第8期15卷 1764-1777页

作者： Fang-Xin Jin Yan Wang Min-ne Li Ru-Jiang Li Jun-tang Guo Department of Histology and Embryology Key Laboratory of Universities in Shandong ProvinceShandong Second Medical UniversityWeifang 261053Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Pathological Physiology Shandong Second Medical UniversityWeifang 261053Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROuND Impaired hypoglycaemic counterregulation has emerged as a critical concern for diabetic patients who may be hesitant to medically lower their blood glucose levels due to the fear of potential hypoglycaemic ***,the pathogenesis of hypoglycaemic counterregulation is still ***-like peptide-1(GLP-1)and its analogues have been used as adjunctive therapies for type 1 diabetes mellitus(t1DM).the role of GLP-1 in counterregulatory dysfunction during hypoglycaemia in patients with t1DM has not been *** to explore the impact of intestinal GLP-1 on impaired hypoglycaemic counterregulation in type 1 diabetic *** t1DM was induced in C57BL/6J mice using streptozotocin,followed by intraperitoneal insulin injections to create t1DM models with either a single episode of hypoglycaemia or recurrent episodes of hypoglycaemia(DH5).Immunofluorescence,Western blot,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were employed to evaluate the influence of intestinal GLP-1 on the sympathetic-adrenal reflex and glucagon(GCG)*** GLP-1 receptor agonist GLP-1(7-36)or the antagonist exendin(9-39)were infused into the terminal ileum or injected intraperitoneally to further investigate the role of intestinal GLP-1 in hypoglycaemic counterregulation in the model *** the expression levels of intestinal GLP-1 and its receptor(GLP-1R)were significantly increased in DH5 *** instances of excess of intestinal GLP-1 weakens the sympathetic-adrenal reflex,leading to dysfunction of adrenal counterregulation during ***5 mice showed increased pancreaticδ-cell mass,cAMP levels inδcells,and plasma somatostatin concentrations,while cAMP levels in pancreaticαcells and plasma GCG levels ***,GLP-1R expression in islet cells and plasma active GLP-1 levels were significantly increased in the DH5 *** experiments involving terminal ileal infusion and intraperitoneal injection in the model mice demonstra

关键词： Glucagon-like peptide-1 Impaired hypoglycaemic counterregulation type 1 diabetes Intestine Pancreas

Detection of a reassortant swine H1N2 influenza A virus from pigs in Hong Kong

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 343-346页

作者： Guoqian Gu Congnuan Liu Song Hao Lee Lewis Sze Chun Choi Michael t.Wilson Dirk u.Pfeiffer Yun Young Go Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life SciencesCity University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Center for Applied One Health Research and Policy Advice Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life SciencesCity University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina College of Veterinary Medicine Konkuk UniversitySeoul143-701Republic of Korea

Dear Editor,Influenza A viruses(IAVs)are responsible for significant respiratory illnesses in humans and a broad range of animal *** outbreaks and the rapid spread of genetically and antigenically distinct IAVs represent a considerable challenge for swine *** are susceptible to avian and human IAV infections and are considered“mixing vessels”where human,avian,and swine IAVs can recombine and generate novel reassortant influenza viruses with pandemic potential(Vincent et al.,2014).

关键词： swine influenza mixing

In search of a pan-coronavirus vaccine:next-generation vaccine design and immune mechanisms

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 103-118页

作者： S.Cankat M.u.Demael L.Swadling Division of Infection and Immunity Institute of Immunity and TransplantationUniversity College LondonPears BuildingLondon NW32PPUK

Members of the coronaviridae family are endemic to human populations and have caused several epidemics and pandemics in recent *** this review,we will discuss the feasibility of and progress toward the ultimate goal of creating a pan-coronavirus vaccine that can protect against infection and disease by all members of the coronavirus *** will detail the unmet clinical need associated with the continued transmission of SARS-CoV-2,MERS-CoV and the four seasonal coronaviruses(HCoV-OC43,NL63,HKu1 and 229E)in humans and the potential for future zoonotic *** will highlight how first-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and natural history studies have greatly increased our understanding of effective antiviral immunity to coronaviruses and have informed next-generation vaccine *** will then consider the ideal properties of a pan-coronavirus vaccine and propose a blueprint for the type of immunity that may offer ***,we will describe a subset of the diverse technologies and novel approaches being pursued with the goal of developing broadly or universally protective vaccines for coronaviruses.

关键词： Vaccine Coronavirus Cross-reactive immunity Cross-protection universal

Experimental Investigation of the Stability of the Performance Characteristics of a Photovoltaic Module in the Face of Environmental and Meteorological Factors

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 589-608页

作者： Adingra Paul Arsène Kouassi Siaka touré Diakaridja traoré Laboratoire des Sciences de la Matière de l’Environnement et de l’Energie Solaire (LASMES) Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences des Structures de la Matière et Technologie (UFR-SSMT) Université Félix Houphou&#235t Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

the explosive technological improvement of photovoltaic systems as well as the necessity of populations to come to less expensive energy sources, that have led to an implosion at the level of solar panel manufacturers. this causes a large flow of these equipments to developing countries where the need is high, without any quality control. that conducted an experimental investigation on the performance characteristics of a 250 wp monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic module in other to check the verification and quality control. Most of these PV panels which often have missing informations are manufactured and tested in places that are inadequate for our environmental and meteorological conditions. Also, their influences on the stability of internal parameters were evaluated in order to optimize their performance. the results obtained at maximum illumination (1000 w/mup>2up>) confirmed those produced by the manufacturer. the analysis of these characteristics showed that the illumination and the temperature (meteorological factors) influenced at most the stability of the internal characteristics of the module in the sense that the maximum power increased very rapidly beyond 750 w/mup>2up> but a degradation of performance was accentuated for a temperature of the solar cells exceeding 50°C. the degradation coefficients were evaluated at -0.0864 V/°C for the voltage and at -1.6248 w/°C for the power. the 10° inclination angle of the solar panel proved to be ideal for optimizing overall efficiency in practical situations.

关键词： Renewables Energies Instruments Internal Parameters of Photovoltaic Panel Monocrystalline Photovoltaic Panel Solar Energy Production Energy Intermittence

Human leukocyte antigen compatibility and incidence of donorspecific antibodies in pediatric liver transplant recipients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第33期30卷 3837-3845页

作者： Melina u Melere Flavia H Feier Jorge neumann Antônio N Kalil Juliana de M Montagner Luiza S Nader Carolina S da Silva Marco Aurélio F Junior Gabriela P Coral Guilherme P Bobsin Cristina t Ferreira Department of Hepatology and Liver transplantation Santa Casa de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050170Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery and Liver transplantation Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90020-090Rio Grande do SulBrazil Postgraduation Program in Medicine:Hepatology Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050-170Rio Grande do SulBrazil Laboratory of transplantation Immunology Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90020-090Rio Grande do SulBrazil

BACKGROuND Antibody-mediated rejection following liver transplantation(Lt)has been increasingly recognized,particularly with respect to the emergence of de novo donor-specific antibodies(DSAs)and their impact on graft *** substantial evidence for adult populations exists,research focusing on pediatric Lt outcomes remains *** to investigate the prevalence of human leukocyte antigen(HLA)mismatches and DSA and evaluate their association with rejection episodes after pediatric *** A cohort of pediatric Lt recipients underwent HLA testing at Santa Casa de Porto Alegre,Brazil,between December 2013 and December *** patients who survived for>30 days after Lt with at least one DSA analysis were *** classes I and II and cross-matches were *** presence of de novo DSA(dnDSA)was evaluated at least 3 months after Lt using the Luminex®single antigen bead method,with a positive reaction threshold set at 1000 *** episodes were confirmed by liver *** Overall,67 transplanted children were analyzed;61 received grafts from living donors,85%of whom were related to ***-transplant DSA(class I or II)was detected in 28.3%of patients,and dnDSA was detected in 48.4%.the median time to DSA detection after Lt was 19.7[interquartile range(IQR):4.3-35.6]*** rejection occurred in 13 patients at follow-up,with C4d positivity observed in 5/13 Liver *** median time to rejection was 7.8(IQR:5.7-12.8)*** presence of dnDSA was significantly associated with rejection(36%vs 3%,Pthe rejection-free survival rates at 12 and 24 months were 76%vs 100%and 58%vs 95%for patients with dnDSA anti-DQ vs those without,*** Our findings highlight the importance of incorporating DSA assessment into pre-and post-transplantation protocols for pediatric Lt *** implications may include immunosuppression minimization strategies based on this analysis in pediatric Lt recip

关键词： Human leukocyte antigens Donor-specific antibodies Liver transplantation Pediatric Rejection

Surface Water Quality Profiling using Physicochemical Parameters in Open Defecation Free and Non-Open Defecation Free Local Government Areas in Benue State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2024年第3期14卷 174-191页

作者： Moses t. Asoo Celestine u. Aguoru Innocent O. Ogbonna Hyacinth O.A. Oluma Benue State Ministry of Health Makurdi Nigeria Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology College of Biological Sciences Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi Nigeria Department of Microbiology College of Biological Sciences Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi Nigeria

Physicochemical parameters of surface water sources in the study of local government areas (LGAs) were assessed using standard procedures. the mean physicochemical parameters for pH (5.49), NO2 (0.23 mg/L), SO4 (0.77 mg/L), Na (28.72 mg/L), Ca (28.94 mg/L), Mg (17.50 mg/L), Cl (11.65 mg/L), tSS (6.27 mg/L), tDS (104.23 mg/L), BOD (2.83 mg/L) and F (0.87 mg/L) were below WHO standards irrespective of their defecation status. the values for electrical conductivity (EC) (2770.50 µs/cm, turbidity (481.24 Ntu), dissolved oxygen (DO) (5.32 mg/L), chemical oxygen demand (COD) (445.50 mg/L), K (125.06 mg/L), PO4 (0.78 mg/L) and Fe (0.57 mg/L) were above the WHO limits for safe water. Higher EC and COD values obtained in the study is evidence of pollution of the water sources by organic matter.

关键词： Open Defecation Surface Water Water Quality Standard Physicochemical Parameters

Promotion of structural plasticity in area V2 of visual cortex prevents against object recognition memory deficits in aging and Alzheimer's disease rodents

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neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1835-1841页

作者： Irene Navarro-Lobato Mariam Masmudi-Martín Manuel F.López-Aranda Juan F.López-téllez Gloria Delgado Pablo Granados-Durán Celia Gaona-Romero Marta Carretero-Rey Sinforiano Posadas María E.Quiros-Ortega Zafar u.Khan Laboratory of neurobiology Centro de Investigaciones Médico Sanitarias(CIMES)University of MalagaMalagaSpain Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalagaMalagaSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades neurodegenerativas(CIBERneD) Institute of Health Carlos IIIMadridSpain the Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands the Brain Metastasis Group National Cancer Research Centre(CNIO)MadridSpain the Department of neurobiology University of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA

Memory deficit,which is often associated with aging and many psychiatric,neurological,and neurodegenerative diseases,has been a challenging issue for *** till now,all potential drug candidates have failed to produce satisfa ctory ***,in the search for a solution,we found that a treatment with the gene corresponding to the RGS14414protein in visual area V2,a brain area connected with brain circuits of the ventral stream and the medial temporal lobe,which is crucial for object recognition memory(ORM),can induce enhancement of *** this study,we demonstrated that the same treatment with RGS14414in visual area V2,which is relatively unaffected in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer s disease,produced longlasting enhancement of ORM in young animals and prevent ORM deficits in rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s ***,we found that the prevention of memory deficits was mediated through the upregulation of neuronal arbo rization and spine density,as well as an increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF).A knockdown of BDNF gene in RGS14414-treated aging rats and Alzheimer s disease model mice caused complete loss in the upregulation of neuronal structural plasticity and in the prevention of ORM *** findings suggest that BDNF-mediated neuronal structural plasticity in area V2 is crucial in the prevention of memory deficits in RGS14414-treated rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s ***,our findings of RGS14414gene-mediated activation of neuronal circuits in visual area V2 have therapeutic relevance in the treatment of memory deficits.

关键词： behavioral performance brain-derived neurotrophic factor cognitive dysfunction episodic memory memory circuit activation memory deficits memory enhancement object recognition memory prevention of memory loss regulator of G protein signaling

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美国页岩油气地质特征及勘探开发进展

石油勘探与开发 2024年第4期51卷 807-828页

作者： MCMAHON t P LARSON t E ZHANG t SHuStER M 美国德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校杰克逊地质科学学院经济地质局奥斯汀78758-4445德克萨斯州美国

基于美国页岩油气勘探开发历程的回顾,对主要页岩盆地的地质演化、主要页岩层系的油气地质特征及勘探开发进展进行系统梳理和总结。美国重要页岩盆地的富烃页岩主要发育于6个地质时期:中奥陶世、中—晚泥盆世、早石炭世(中—晚密西西比... 详细信息

基于美国页岩油气勘探开发历程的回顾,对主要页岩盆地的地质演化、主要页岩层系的油气地质特征及勘探开发进展进行系统梳理和总结。美国重要页岩盆地的富烃页岩主要发育于6个地质时期:中奥陶世、中—晚泥盆世、早石炭世(中—晚密西西比世)、早二叠世、晚侏罗世和晚白垩世(塞诺曼期—土伦期),构造沉积环境主要包括克拉通内盆地、前陆盆地和被动大陆边缘盆地。古生界富烃页岩主要分布于以下6个盆地:阿巴拉契亚盆地(尤蒂卡页岩和马塞勒斯页岩)、阿纳达科盆地(伍德福德页岩)、威利斯顿盆地(巴肯页岩)、阿卡马盆地(费耶特维尔页岩)、沃思堡盆地(巴内特页岩)和二叠盆地(狼营组和斯帕瑞组/骨泉组页岩)。中生界富烃页岩主要发育在西墨西哥湾盆地(海恩斯维尔组和鹰滩组)和落基山盆地群(以丹佛和粉河盆地的尼尔布拉勒组页岩为主)。通过对各页岩区带的详细分析发现,页岩的岩相和矿物成分存在差异,“页岩储层”并非只是页岩,很多情况下页岩油气还产自粉砂岩和碳酸盐岩等多种岩石类型。美国的页岩油气资源丰富,页岩油地质资源量超过0.246×1012 t,页岩气地质资源量超过290×1012 m3。在开启“页岩革命”的水平井水力压裂技术出现之前,美国经过了长达20年的勘探开发实践和理论技术积累。自2007年至2023年,美国页岩油气产量从约11.2×104t/d油当量增加到超过300.0×104t/d油当量,2017年页岩油气产量超过了常规油气,2023年在油气总产量中的占比增加到60%以上。页岩油气的开发主要得益于钻完井技术的改进,“立体开发”的攻关,以及重复压裂、提高原油采收率和“u”形井等技术的应用。基于美国丰富的页岩资源基础和技术的不断进步,页岩油气的产量将继续为全美的油气生产做出更大贡献。

关键词：美国页岩油页岩气页岩储层非常规储层油气产量资源评价

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Solvation Effects on the Dielectric Constant of 1 M LiPF6 in Ethylene Carbonate:Ethyl Methyl Carbonate 3:7

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 253-256页

作者： Julian Self Nathan t.Hahn Kristin A.Persson Department of Chemical Engineering Polytechnique MontrealMontrealQC H3T 1J4Canada Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Energy technologies Area Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA Material Physical and Chemical Sciences CenterSandia National LaboratoriesAlbuquerqueNM 87185USA

We report the dielectric constant of 1 M LiPF_(6)in EC:EMC 3∶7 w/w(ethylene carbonate/ethyl methyl carbonate)in addition to neat EC:EMC 3∶7 w/*** three Debye relaxations,the static permittivity value,or dielectric constant,is extrapolated to 18.5,which is compared to 18.7 for the neat solvent *** EC solvent is found to strongly coordinate with the Li^(+)cations of the salt,which results in a loss of dielectric contribution to the ***,the small amplitude and large uncertainty in relaxation frequency for EMC cloud definitive identification of the Li^(+)solvation ***,the loss of the free EC permittivity contribution due to Li^(+)solvation is almost completely balanced by the positive contribution of the associated LiPF_(6)salt,demonstrating that a significant quantity of dipolar ion pairs exists in 1 M LiPF_(6)in EC:EMC 3∶7.

关键词： batteries dielectric relaxation spectroscopy electrolytes

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