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An exploration of the relationship between recruitment communication and foraging in stingless bees

Current Zoology 2021年第5期67卷 551-560页

作者： robbie i’ans.n price Francisca SEGERS Amelia BERGER Fabio S.nASCiMEnTO Christoph GRUTER Department of Ecology and Evolution University of LausanneLausanne 1015Switzerland Swiss Centre for Affective Sciences University of GenevaGene`ve 1201Switzerland Department for Applied Bioinformatics Institute of Cell Biology and NeuroscienceGoethe UniversityFrankfurt 60438Germany Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de FilosofiaCiencias e Letras de Ribeirao PretoUniversidade de Sao PauloRibeirao PretoSao Paulo CEP 14040-901Brazil School of Biological Sciences University of Bristol24 Tyndall AvenueBristol BS81TQUK

Social information is widely used in the animal kingdom and can be highly *** social insects,foragers can use social information to find food,avoid danger,or choose a new nest *** others allows individuals to obtain information without having to sample the *** foragers communicate information they will often only advertise high-quality food sources,thereby filtering out less adaptive *** bees,a large pantropical group of highly eusocial bees,face intense inter-and intra-specific competition for limited resources,yet display disparate foraging *** the same environment there are species that communicate the location of food resources to nest-mates and species that do *** current understanding of why some species communicate foraging sites while others do not is *** freely foraging colonies of several co-existing stingless bee species in Brazil,we investigated if recruitment to specific food locations is linked to 1)the sugar content of forage,2)the duration of foraging trips,and 3)the variation in activity of a colony from 1 day to another and the variation in activity in a species over a *** found that,contrary to our expectations,species with recruitment communication did not return with higher quality forage than species that do not recruit ***,foragers from recruiting species did not have shorter foraging trip durations than those from weakly recruiting *** the intense inter-and intraspecific competition for resources in these environments,it may be that recruiting species favor food resources that can be monopolized by the colony rather than food sources that offer high-quality rewards.

关键词： communication foraging social information stingless bee

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Prehospital transdermal glyceryl trinitrate for ultra- acute ischaemic stroke: data from the RiGHT- 2 randomised sham- controlled ambulance trial

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Stroke & Vascular neurology 2024年第1期9卷 38-49,I0035-I0046页

作者： Jason Philip Appleton Lisa J Woodhouse Craig S Anderson Sandeep Ankolekar Lesley Cala Mark Dixon Timothy J England Kailash Krishnan Grant Mair Keith W Muir John Potter Christopher i price Marc Randall Thompson G Robinson Christine Roffe Else C Sandset Jeffrey L Saver Angela Shone Aloysius niroshan Siriwardena Joanna M Wardlaw nikola Sprigg Philip M Bath Stroke University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK institute of Applied HealthResearch University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental SciencesBirminghamUK Stroke Trials Unit Mental Health and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Faculty of Medicine The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia The George institute China at Peking University Health Science Center BeijingChina neurology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney Health PartnersSydneyNew South WalesAustralia Department of neurology King's College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia East Midlands Ambulance Service nHS Trust NottinghamUK Stroke Queen's Medical CentreNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences Dementia Research InstituteUniveristy of EdinburghEdinburghUK institute of neurology and Psychology University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Bob Champion Research and Education Building University of East AngliaNorwichUK institute of neuroscience Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Department of neurology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and niHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre University of LeicesterLeicesterUK Stroke Research in Stoke Institute for Science and Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityStoke-on TrentUK Department of neurology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Research and Development Norwegian Air Ambulance FoundationOsloNorway Department of neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center David Geffen School of MedicineUCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Research and Graduate Services University of NottinghamNottinghamUK Community and Health Research Unit University of LincolnLincolnUK

Background The effect of transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTn,a nitrovasodilator)on clinical outcome when administered before hospital admission in suspected stroke patients is ***,we assess the safety and efficacy of GTn in the prespecified subgroup of patients who had an ischaemic stroke within the Rapid intervention with Glyceryl trinitrate in Hypertensive stroke Trial-2(RiGHT-2).Methods RiGHT-2 was an ambulance-based multicentre sham-controlled blinded-endpoint study with patients randomised within 4hours of *** primary outcome was a shift in scores on the modified Rankin scale(mRS)at day *** outcomes included death;a global analysis(Wei-Lachin test)containing Barthel index,EuroQol-5D,mRS,telephone interview for cognitive status-modified and Zung depression scale;and neuroimaging-determined‘brain frailty’*** were reported as n(%),mean(SD),median[iQR],adjusted common OR(acOR),mean difference or Mann-Whitney difference(MWD)with 95%*** 597 of 1149(52%)patients had a final diagnosis of ischaemic stroke;age 75(12)years,premorbid mRS>2107(18%),Glasgow Coma Scale 14(2)and time from onset to randomisation 67[45,108]***‘brain frailty’was common:median score 2[2,3](range 0–3).At day 90,GTn did not influence the primary outcome(acOR for increased disability 1.15,95%Ci 0.85 to 1.54),death or global analysis(MWD 0.00,95%Ci-0.10 to 0.09).in subgroup analyses,there were non-significant interactions suggesting GTn may be associated with more death and dependency in participants randomised within 1hour of symptom onset and in those with more severe *** in patients who had an ischaemic stroke,ultra-acute administration of transdermal GTn in the ambulance did not improve clinical outcomes in a population with more clinical and radiological frailty than seen in previous in-hospital *** iS ALREADY KnOWn On THiS TOPiC⇒Transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTn)was associat-ed with less death and dependency in those w

关键词： Glasgow nitrate random

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A DiRECT SEARCH FRAME-BASED COnJUGATE GRADiEnTS METHOD

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2004年第4期22卷 489-500页

作者： i.D.Coope C.J.price DepartmentofMathematicsandStatistics UniversityofCanterburyPrivateBag4800ChristchurchNewZealand

A derivative-free frame-based conjugate gradients algorithm is presented. Convergence is shown for C^1 functions, and this is verified in numerical trials. The algorithm is tested on a variety of low dimensional problems, some of which are ill-conditioned, and is also tested on problems of high dimension. numerical results show that the algorithm is effective on both classes of problems. The results are compared with those from a discrete quasinewton method, showing that the conjugate gradients algorithm is competitive. The algorithm exhibits the conjugate gradients speed-up on problems for which the Hessian at the solution has repeated or clustered eigenvalues. The algorithm is easily parallelizable.

关键词： Conjugate gradients Derivative-free Frame-based methods numerical results

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A MODiFiED BFGS FORMULA MAinTAininG POSiTiVE DEFiniTEnESS WiTH ARMiJO-GOLDSTEin STEPLEnGTHS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 1995年第2期13卷 156-160页

作者： i. D. Coope C. J. price University of Canterbury 新西兰 Defence Scientific Establishment 新西兰

The line search subproblem in unconstrained optimization is concerned with finding an acceptable steplength satisfying certain standard conditions. The con-ditions proposed in the early work of Armijo and Goldstein are sometimes replaced by those recommended by Wolf e because these latter conditions automatically allow positive definiteness of some popular quasi-newton updates to be *** is shown that a slightly modified form of quasi-newton update allows positive definiteness to be maintained even if line searches based on the Armijo-Goldsteinconditions are used.

关键词： Definiteness Quadratic functions

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Environmental drivers of seasonal shifts in abundance of wild pigs(Sus scrofa)in a tropical island environment

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 772-786页

作者： Derek R.Risch Shaya Honarvar Melissa R.price natural Resources and Environmental Department University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa1910 East-West RoadHonoluluHI 96822USA Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa3190 Maile WayHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background:non-native wild pigs(Sus scrofa)threaten sensitive flora and fauna,cost billions of dollars in economic damage,and pose a significant human–wildlife conflict *** growing interest in wild pig research,basic life history information is often lacking throughout their introduced range and particularly in tropical *** to other large terrestrial mammals,pigs possess the ability to shift their range based on local climatic conditions or resource availability,further complicating management *** objectives of this study were to(i)model the distribution and abundance of wild pigs across two seasons within a single calendar year;(ii)determine the most important environmental variables driving changes in pig distribution and abundance;and(iii)highlight key differences between seasonal models and their potential management *** study objectives were achieved using zero-inflated models constructed from abundance data obtained from extensive field surveys and remotely sensed environmental ***:Our models demonstrate a considerable change in distribution and abundance of wild pigs throughout a single calendar *** and vegetation height were among the most influential variables for pig distribution during the spring,and distance to adjacent forest and vegetation density were among the most significant for the ***,our seasonal models show that areas of high conservation value may be more vulnerable to threats from wild pigs at certain times throughout the year,which was not captured by more traditional modeling approaches using aggregated ***:Our results suggest that(i)wild pigs can considerably shift their range throughout the calendar year,even in tropical environments;(ii)pigs prefer dense forested areas in the presence of either hunting pressure or an abundance of frugivorous plants,but may shift to adjacent areas in the absence of either of these conditions;and(iii)seasonal m

关键词： Ecology Spatial Temporal Species distribution modeling Wild boar Sus scrofa Feral pigs

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interleukin-1 gene polymorphism disease activity and bone mineral metabolism in rheumatoid arthritis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2002年第1期115卷 46-49,145页

作者：张晓中 L Llamado i Pillay P price R Will 山医科大学第三附属医院风湿科广州510630

Objective To determine whether interleukin-1α and 1β gene polymorphism is associated with rheumatoid arthritis disease activity and bone mineral metabolism, and whether there is any relationship between iL-1β and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) motif gene. Methods iL-1 gene polymorphisms were analyzed in 65 RA patients who met American College of Radiology (ACR) criteria and 60 controls. From genomic DnA, 2 polymorphisms in each gene for iL1α-889 and iL-1β+3953 were typed by PCR-RFLP and HLA-DRB1 allele typing was also undertaken by PCR-SSOP. Some clinical and laboratory parameters were collected. The allelic frequencies and carriage rates were compared between RA patients and controls and between patients with active and quiescent disease. Comparison was also made between iL-1 polymorphism and parameters of bone mineral metabolism and between patients with the HLA-DRB1 RA motif plus iL-1β 2 and patients without the two alleles. Fisher test and the analysis of variance was used to analyze the *** There was no significant difference in the frequency and carriage rate of iL-1α polymorphisms between RA patients and the controls. The β2/2 genotype of iL-1β was more common in female RA patients compared with controls (P=0.001). A lower carriage rate of iL-1β 2 occurred in male RA patients (P=0.001). A higher carriage rate of iL-1α2 is associated with a higher ESR (P=0.008), HAQ score (P=0.03), and vit-D 3 (Pnversely a lower SJC (p=0.002), a lower RF (P=0.002) and a lower BMD at the lumbar spine (P=0.001). A higher frequency of iL-1α1 is associated with a lower CRP value (P=0.009). An increased iL-1β2 carriage is associated with active rheumatoid disease as indicated by a higher CRP (Pnd pain score (P=0.001) and a higher BMD at the lumbar spine (P=0.007), lower vit-D 3 and. Udpd/Crea level The presence of the HLA DRB1 RA motif and iL-1β allele 2 at same time did not contribute to disease ***

关键词： rheumatoid arthritis · interleukin-1 · gene polymorphism · disease activity · bone mineral metabolism

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The fuse box

The fuse box

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作者： edited by Emily Perkins and Chris price.

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Characterization of the tunicamycin gene cluster unveiling unique steps involved in its biosynthesis

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Protein & Cell 2010年第12期1卷 1093-1105页

作者： Wenqing Chen Dongjing Qu Lipeng Zhai Meifeng Tao Yemin Wang Shuangjun Lin neil P.J.price Zixin Deng Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences&BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China national Center for Agricultural Utilization Research(nCAUR) USDA-ARS1815 North University StreetPeoriaIllinois 61604USA College of Pharmacy Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

Tunicamycin,a potent reversible translocase i inhibitor,is produced by several Actinomycetes *** tunicamycin structure is highly unusual,and contains an 11-carbon dialdose sugar and anα,β-1″,11′-glycosidic *** we report the identification of a gene cluster essential for tunicamycin biosynthesis by high-throughput heterologous expression(HHE)strategy combined with a *** of the genes into heterologous non-producing Streptomyces hosts results in production of tunicamycin by these strains,demonstrating the role of the genes for the biosynthesis of *** disruption experiments coupled with bioinformatic analysis revealed that the tunicamycin gene cluster is minimally composed of 12 genes(tunA–tunL).Amongst these is a putative radical SAM enzyme(Tun B)with a potentially unique role in biosynthetic carbon-carbon bond ***,a seven-step novel pathway is proposed for tunicamycin ***,two gene clusters for the potential biosynthesis of tunicamycin-like antibiotics were also identified in Streptomyces clavuligerus ATCC 27064 and Actinosynnema mirums DSM *** data provide clarification of the novel mechanisms for tunicamycin biosynthesis,and for the generation of new-designer tunicamycin analogs with selective/enhanced bioactivity via combinatorial biosynthesis strategies.

关键词： tunicamycin biosynthetic gene cluster high-throughput heterologous expression bioassay combinatorial biosynthesis

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Burn injury prevention in low-and middleincome countries:scoping systematic review

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Burns & Trauma 2021年第1期9卷 123-144页

作者： Kate price Kwang Chear Lee Katherine E.Woolley Henry Falk Michael Peck Richard Lilford naiem Moiemen College of Medical and Dental Sciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamB152TTUK University Hospital Birmingham nHS Foundation Trust Queen Elizabeth Hospital BirminghamMindelsohn WayEdgbastonBirminghamB152WBUK institute of Applied Health Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamB152TTUK Adjunct Professor of Environmental Health Emory UniversityRollins School of Public HealthAtlantaGA 30322US Clinical Professor of Surgery University of Arizona College of MedicinePhoenixAZ 85004US

Background:Burn injuries are a leading cause of morbidity and disability,with the burden of disease being disproportionately higher in low-and middle-income countries(LMiC).Burn prevention programmes have led to significant reductions in the incidence of burns in high-income ***,a previous systematic review published in 2015 highlighted that implementation and evaluation of similar programmes has been limited in *** objective of this scoping review and narrative synthesis was to summarise and understand the initiatives that have been carried out to reduce burn injuries in LMiC and their ***:We aimed to identify publications that described studies of effectiveness of burn prevention interventions applied to any population within a LMiC and measured burn incidence or burns-related *** publications were identified from three ***,data was extracted from manuscripts identified in the systematic review published by Rybarczyk et *** then performed a search for manuscripts on burn prevention interventions published between January 2015 and September ***,we extracted data from two systematic reviews where burn evidence was not the primary outcome,which were identified by senior authors.A quality assessment and narrative synthesis of included manuscripts were ***:in total,24 manuscripts were identified and categorized according to intervention *** majority of manuscripts(n=16)described education-based *** manuscripts focused on environmental modification interventions and four adopted a mixedmethods *** of the education-based initiatives demonstrated improvements in knowledge relating to burn safety or first aid,however few measured the impact of their intervention on burn *** manuscripts described population-based educational interventions and noted reductions in burn *** one of the four manuscripts describing environmental modification i

关键词： Burns Prevention Low-and-middle income countries Systematic review

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BLADDER STOnE

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1934年第5期048卷 462-474页

作者： PHiLiP B.price Department of Surgery Cheeloo University Medical School and Hospital Tsinan.

Vesical calculus is fairly common in Shantung *** is based on i26 cases admitted to the University Hospital duringthe last five *** of these patients were boys from the country,between five andfifteen years of age,who began to have symptoms in the spring of thesecond to sixth year of *** symptoms occur in attacksof increasing length and severity,until at length there are no symptom-less *** etiology of bladder stone is *** study of incidenceappears to lend some indirect support to the theory that dietary deficiency,perhaps Vitamine A deficiency,is an important causative *** our experience,x-ray examination is the most informative singlediagnostic procedure for bladder *** of the presence of stone in the bladder is not sufficient,*** condition of the urethra,bladder,kidneys,and body ingeneral should be *** severe cystitis or evidence of kidneydamage is found,operation is best delayed until the condition can *** treatment—pre-operative,operative,and Post-operative—deve-loped at the University Hospital is described in *** essentialfeatures are:adequate pre-operative treatment based upon careful andcomplcte diagnosis;suprapubic lithotomy,the bladder being distendedwith measured quantities of air;special care that the wound does not be- come contaminated by bladder contents;anatomical closure,withoutdrainage,of all the layers of the bladder wall;drainage of the bladderfor four or five days by means of a catheter carefully placed and securelyfastened in the urethra;attempts to restore the entire urinary tract *** partly impacted in the prostatic urethra present special *** are made for dealing with this sort of *** results of the different methods we have used in per-forming suprapubic lithotomy are *** results seem todemonstrate the superiority of the technique ***,we believe these

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