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2012 2nd International Conference on Environment and Industrial Innovation（ICEII 2012）

作者： Charlimagne M.Montealegre Emerson R.Dionisio lawrence V.Sumera Jay R T.Adolacion rizalinda l.de leon Biochemical Engineering laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of the Philipines Diliman Quezon City 1101 Philippines

The performance of Nata de coco （NDC） and Calcium alginate （CA） as an immobilization medium for Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells are compared in terms of production rate and conversion. S. cerevisiae cells are immobilized in NDC and CA beads using a cell suspension with an average approximate live cell.density of 232.1288 ± 1.5387 cells/ml. The biocatalysts NDC and CA are charged into horizontal fermentation reactors. A centrifugal pump and manifold is used to control the flow rate to a desired flow rate of 9 ml/hr. Samples are collected every 12 hours and tested for ethanol by gas chromatography and glucose concentration by colorimetry. The average steady state effluent ethanol concentration, productivity and conversion in NDC are 5.093 % by volume, 52.329 ml/hr and 0.7779, respectively. One-way ANOVA showed that the immobilization medium has a significant effect on the parameters under consideration. T-test is further performed between NDC and CA biocatalysts which showed that effluent ethanol concentration, productivity and conversion of NDC and CA are statistically equal. The study showed that the NDC biocatalyst performs equally well in the conditions optimized for CA biocatalyst. The structural strength and cost effectiveness of Nata de Coco makes it a very promising immobilization medium for continuous bioethanol production.

关键词： Immobilization Biocellulose Calcium Alginate Continuous Fermentation Horizontal Reactor Baker’s Yeast

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Preliminary Optimization and Kinetics of SnCl_(2)-HCl Catalyzed Hydrothermal Conversion of Microcrystalline Cellulose to levulinic Acid

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2021年第1期9卷 145-162页

作者： dexby de Guzman rizalinda de leon Fuels Energy and Thermal Systems LaboratoryDepartment of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of the PhilippinesQuezon City1101Philippines

levulinic acid(lA)is a platform biorefinery chemical from biomass which can be converted to green solvents,plasticizers,polymer precursors,biobased cleaning agents,fuels and fuel additives.This study assessed the potential of SnCl_(2)-based mixed acid systems as catalyst in the hydrothermal conversion of microcrystalline cellulose to levulinic acid.Maximum lAyield of 36.2 mol%was achieved using 0.2 M SnCl_(2) concentration at test conditions of 3 h,180℃ and 1%w/v cellulose loading.To reduce precipitate formation and further improve lA yield,the strategy employed was to combine SnCl_(2)(a lewis acid)with conventional mineral acids(Bronsted acids).Evaluation of the catalytic performance of SnCl_(2)-HCl,SnCl_(2)-H_(2)SO_(4),SnCl_(2)-HNO_(3),and SnCl_(2)-H_(3)PO_(4)(1:1 molar ratio,0.2 M total acid concentration)were done with highest lA yield of 47.0 mol%obtained using the SnCl_(2)-HCl system at same test conditions.Response surface methodology optimization employing Box-Behnken design generated a quadratic model with a high coefficient of determination(r2)of 0.964.A maximum lA yield of 63.5 mol%can be achieved at 0.17 M catalyst concentration,198℃,and 5.15 h reaction time.Rate constants were estimated using nonlinear regression,while activation energies were determined using Arrhenius equation.Cellulose hydrolysis was determined to be the rate-limiting step in the overall process.low activation energy of 63.3 kJ/mol for glucose dehydration to hydroxymethylfurfural supports the action of SnCl_(2) as lewis acid in the mixed-acid system.lA yield simulations for plug flow reactor(PFR)and continuous stirred tank reactor(CSTR)were done suggesting a similar PFR-CSTR configuration with the established Biofine process.lastly,a reaction scheme was presented to explain the synergy between SnCl_(2) and HCl in lA production from cellulose.

关键词： levulinic acid tin(II)chloride cellulose optimization kinetics

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