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Engineered smart materials for RNA based molecular therapy to treat Glioblastoma

Bioactive Materials 2024年第3期33卷 396-423页

作者： Ravi Raj Singh Indranil Mondal Taskeen Janjua Amirali Popat ritu Kulshreshtha Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew DelhiIndia School of Pharmacy The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia Department of Functional Materials and Catalysis Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWahringer Straße 421090 ViennaAustria University of Queensland-IIT Delhi Academy of Research(UQIDAR)

Glioblastoma(GBM)is an aggressive malignancy of the central nervous system(CNS)that remains incurable despite the multitude of improvements in cancer *** conventional chemo and radiotherapy post-surgery have only been able to improve the prognosis slightly;however,the development of resistance and/or tumor recurrence is almost *** is a pressing need for adjuvant molecular therapies that can successfully and efficiently block tumor *** the last few decades,non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)have emerged as key players in regulating various hallmarks of cancer including that of *** levels of many ncRNAs are dysregulated in cancer,and ectopic modulation of their levels by delivering antagonists or overexpression constructs could serve as an attractive option for cancer *** therapeutic potential of several types of ncRNAs,including miRNAs,lncRNAs,and circRNAs,has been validated in both in vitro and in vivo models of ***,the delivery of these RNA-based therapeutics is highly challenging,especially to the tumors of the brain as the blood-brain barrier(BBB)poses as a major obstacle,among ***,since RNA is extremely fragile in nature,careful considerations must be met while designing a delivery *** this review we have shed light on how ncRNA therapy can overcome the limitations of its predecessor conventional therapy with an emphasis on smart nanomaterials that can aide in the safe and targeted delivery of nucleic acids to treat ***,critical gaps that currently exist for successful transition from viral to non-viral vector delivery systems have been ***,we have provided a perspective on the future directions,potential pathways,and target areas for achieving rapid clinical translation of,RNA-based macromolecular therapy to advance the effective treatment of GBM and other related diseases.

关键词： Glioblastoma(GBM) Non-coding RNAs(ncRNA) Nucleic acid therapy Oligonucleotide therapy Nanocarriers Nanoparticles RNA delivery system Gene therapy

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Synthesis and electroluminescence characterization of a new aluminum complex, [8- hydroxyquinoline] bis [2, 2＇bipyridine] aluminum Al(Bpy)2q

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Journal of Semiconductors 2016年第1期37卷 11-15页

作者： Rahul Kumar ritu Srivastava Punita Singh Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai 400076 India National Physical Laboratory New Delhi 110022 India

We have synthesized and characterized a new electroluminescent material, [8-hydroxyquinoline] bis[2,2＇bipyridine] aluminum. A solution of this material Al（Bpy）2q in toluene showed absorption maxima at 380 nm,which was attributed to the moderate energy（ π–π＊） transitions of the aromatic rings. The photoluminescence spectrum of Al（Bpy）_2q in the toluene solution showed a peak at 518 nm. This material shows thermal stability up to300 ℃. The structure of the device is ITO/F4-TCNQ（1 nm）/α-NPD（35 nm）/Al（Bpy）2q（35 nm）/ BCP（6 nm）/Alq3（28 nm）/Li F（1 nm）/Al（150 nm）. This device exhibited a luminescence peak at 515 nm（CIE coordinates, xD0.32,yD0.49）. The maximum luminescence of the device was 214 cd/m^2 at 21 V. The maximum current efficiency of OLED was 0.12 cd/A at 13 V and the maximum power efficiency was 0.03 lm/W at 10 V.

关键词： organometallic compounds chemical synthesis vapour deposition photoluminescence spectroscopy electrical properties luminescence

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Metabolic and cardiovascular benefits with combination therapy of SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes

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World Journal of Cardiology 2022年第6期14卷 329-342页

作者： Awadhesh Kumar Singh ritu Singh Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology G.D Hospital and Diabetes InstituteKolkata 700013India Department of Reproductive Endocrinology G.D Hospital and Diabetes InstituteKolkata 700013India

Both GLP-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RA)and SGLT-2 inhibitors(SGLT-2I)are newer classes of anti-diabetic agents that lower HbA1c moderately and decrease body weight and systolic blood pressure(SBP)*** therapy with GLP-1RA plus SGLT-2I have shown a greater reduction in HbA1c,body weight,and SBP compared to either agent alone without any significant increase in hypoglycemia or other side *** several agents from each class of these drugs have shown an improvement in cardiovascular(CV)and renal outcomes in their respective cardiovascular outcome trials(CVOT),combination therapy is theoretically expected to have additional CV and renal *** this comprehensive opinion review,we found HbA1c lowering with GLP-1RA plus SGLT-2I to be less than additive compared to the sum of HbA1c lowering with either agent alone,although body weight lowering was nearly additive and the SBP lowering was more than *** additional meta-analysis of CV outcomes with GLP1RA plus SGLT-2I combination therapy from the pooled data of five CVOT found a similar reduction in three-point major adverse cardiovascular events compared to GLP-1RA or SGLT-2I alone,against ***,a greater benefit in reduction of heart failure hospitalization with GLP-1RA plus SGLT-2I combination therapy was noted in the pooled meta-analysis of two randomized controlled *** adequately powered trials can confirm whether additional CV or renal benefit is truly exerted by GLP-1RA plus SGLT-2I combination therapy.

关键词： GLP-1 receptor agonists SGLT-2 inhibitors Combination therapy,Metabolic outcomes Cardiovascular outcomes Renal outcomes

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A Note on the Operator Equation Generalizing the Notion of Slant Hankel Operators

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Analysis in Theory and Applications 2016年第4期32卷 387-395页

作者： Gopal Datt ritu Aggarwal Department of Mathematics PGDAV College University of Delhi Department of Mathematics University of Delhi

The operator equation λMz^-X = XMzk, for k ≥ 2,λ∈ C, is completely solved. Further, some algebraic and spectral properties of the solutions of the equation are discussed.

关键词： Hankel operators slant Hankel operators generalized slant Toeplitz operators generalized slant Toeplitz operators spectrum of an operator.

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C-phycocyanin shows neuroprotective effect against rotenone-induced Parkinson’s disease in mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第7期14卷 279-287页

作者： Hritik Rathod ritu M.Soni Jigna S.Shah Department of Pharmacology Institute of Pharmacy Nirma UniversityAhmedabadGujaratIndia

Objective:To investigate the neuroprotective effect of C-phycocyanin in a mouse model of rotenone-induced Parkinson’s ***:C-phycocyanin(50 mg/kg,i.p.,daily)was administered to rotenone(30 mg/kg,p.o.,daily)treated mice for 28 *** studies(Y-maze,rotarod,round beam walk,and wire-hang tests)were carried out to assess neurobehavioral *** and malondialdehyde were determined in both serum and striatal *** proteins(AKT,AMPK,NF-κB,BDNF,and alpha-synuclein)in the striatum were estimated using *** analyses(hematoxylin and eosin stainning as well as Nissl staining)were carried out to assess structural abnormalities in the ***:C-phycocyanin significantly increased BDNF levels and decreased alpha-synuclein *** also slightly upregulated AMPK and AKT levels without significant difference compared with the rotenone ***,rotenone-induced elevated oxidative stress and structural abnormalities in the striatum were markedly mitigated by ***:C-phycocyanin might have potential neuroprotective effects against Parkinson’s *** studies are warranted to verify its efficacy and to understand the molecular mechanisms behind the neuroprotective effects of C-phycocyanin in Parkinson’s disease.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease C-phycocyanin Alphasynuclein BDNF Oxidative stress Rotenone

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Emergence of non-albicans Candida species and antifungal resistance in intensive care unit patients

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第5期6卷 455-460页

作者： Ravinder Kaur Megh Singh Dhakad ritu Goyal Rakesh Kumar Department of Microbiology Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals Department of Microbiology Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Lok Nayak Hospitals Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Lok Nayak Hospitals Department of Anaesthesiology Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Lok Nayak Hospitals

Objective: To evaluate the epidemiology of candidiasis and the antifungal susceptibility profile of Candida species isolated from the intensive care unit(ICU) ***: The study used a qualitative descriptive design. Relevant samples depending on organ system involvement from 100 ICU patients were collected and *** and speciation of the isolates was conducted by the biochemical *** susceptibility testing was carried out as per CLSI-M27-A3 ***: Ninety Candida isolates were isolated from the different clinical samples: urine(43.3%), tracheal aspirate(31.1%), urinary catheter(12.2%), endotracheal tube(7.8%),abdominal drains(3.3%), sputum(2.2%). The incidence of candidiasis caused by nonalbicans Candida(NAC) species(63.3%) was higher than Candida albicans(36.7%).The various NAC species were isolated as: Candida tropicalis(41.1%), Candida glabrata(10%), Candida parapsilosis(6.7%), Candida krusei(3.3%) and Candida kefyr(2.2%). The overall isolation rate of Candida species from samples was 53.3%. Antifungal susceptibility indicated that 37.8% and 7.8% of the Candida isolates were resistant to fluconazole and amphotericin B, ***: Predominance of NAC species in ICU patients along with the increasing resistance being recorded to fluconazole which has a major bearing on the morbidity and management of these patients and needs to be further worked upon.

关键词： Antifungal resistance Candida species Colonization Intensive care unit patients

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A 3D-printed platform for modular neuromuscular motor units

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2017年第1期3卷 251-259页

作者： Caroline Cvetkovic Max H.Rich ritu Raman Hyunjoon Kong Rashid Bashir Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

A complex and functional living cellular system requires the interaction of one or more cell types to perform specific tasks,such as sensing,processing,or force *** and flexible platforms for fabrication of such multi-cellular modules and their characterization have been ***,we present a modular cellular system,made up of multi-layered tissue rings containing integrated skeletal muscle and motor neurons(MNs)embedded in an extracellular *** MNs were differentiated from mouse embryonic stem cells through the formation of embryoid bodies(EBs),which are spherical aggregations of cells grown in a suspension *** EBs were integrated into a tissue ring with skeletal muscle,which was differentiated in parallel,to create a co-culture amenable to both cell *** multi-layered rings were then sequentially placed on a stationary three-dimensionalprinted hydrogel structure resembling an anatomical muscle–tendon–bone *** demonstrate that the site-specific innervation of a group of muscle fibers in the multi-layered tissue rings allows for muscle contraction via chemical stimulation of MNs with glutamate,a major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian nervous system,with the frequency of contraction increasing with glutamate *** addition of tubocurarine chloride(a nicotinic receptor antagonist)halted the contractions,indicating that muscle contraction was MN *** a bio-fabricated system permitting controllable mechanical and geometric attributes in a range of length scales,our novel engineered cellular system can be utilized for easier integration of other modular“building blocks”in living cellular and biological machines.

关键词： 3D printing neuromuscular junction skeletal muscle stereolithography tissue engineering

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Environmental hypoxia:A threat to the gonadal development and reproduction in bony fishes

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2022年第5期7卷 572-582页

作者： Nirmalendu Saha Debaprasad Koner ritu Sharma Biochemical Adaptation Laboratory Department of ZoologyNorth-Eastern Hill UniversityShillong793022India

Vast stretches of open water bodies are gradually becoming hypoxic as a result of depletion of oxygen levels mainly due to various human anthropogenic *** problem of hypoxic stress on the fish population is likely to be exacerbated soon since the aquatic hypoxic environment is continuously spreading over vast areas *** recent years,various harmful effects of hypoxia to bony fishes have been reported,such as the restriction of energy-consuming metabolic processes,arrest of the growth of ovary and testes that are associated with endocrine disruption,loss of sperm and egg quality,inhibition of fertilization,hatching success,and also the reduction of larval survivability,thereby impairment of overall reproductive and developmental processes in *** of the brain-pituitary-gonad axis,and certain enzymes related to steroidogenesis and vitellogenesis in fish have also been reported as the primary targets for an endocrine malfunction during ***-sensitive downregulation of key genes responsible for controlling sex hormones’synthesis has been documented in certain bony ***,continuous exposure to hypoxia was reported to induce early expression of pro-apoptotic/tumor suppressor p53 genes,thereby causing immense cell death in hypoxic ***,the cellular responses to long-term hypoxia exposure and the degree of reproductive impairments in bony fishes are still not adequate to figure out the actual underlying *** present review intends to highlight the current knowledge about the detrimental impact of chronic/acute hypoxia at different stages of fish reproduction and the associated underlying molecular mechanisms.

关键词： Sex hormones Endocrine disruption Gametogenesis Gonadal development Fish reproduction HPG-Axis

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Colloidal lead-free Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)double perovskite nanocrystals:Synthesis,uniform thin-film fabrication,and application in solution-processed solar cells

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Nano Research 2021年第4期14卷 1126-1134页

作者： Razi Ahmad Gautam Virender Nutan Dinesh Singh Govind Gupta Udit Soni Sameer Sapra ritu Srivastava Advanced Materials and Devices Metrology Division CSIR-National Physical LaboratoryDr.K.S.Krishnan RoadNew Delhi-110012India Indian Reference Materials Division CSIR-National Physical LaboratoryDr.K.S.Krishnan RoadNew Delhi-110012India Department of Biotechnology TERI School of Advanced studiesNew Delhi 110070India Department ofChemistryy Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi 110016India Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Faculty of SciencePalacky University OlomoucSlechtitelu 2778371 OlomoucCzech Republic

Recently developed lead-free double perovskite nanocrystals(NCs)have been proposed for the possible application in solutionprocessed optoelectronic ***,the optoelectronic applications of double perovskite NCs have been hampered due to the structural and chemical instability in the presence of polar ***,we report a facile strategy for the synthesis and purification of Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)double perovskite NCs that remained stable even after washing with polar *** is realized with our efficient colloidal route to synthesize Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)NCs that involve stable and strongly coordinated precursor such as silvertrioctyl phosphine complex together with bismuth neodecanoate,which leads to a significantly improved chemical and colloidal *** layer-by-layer solid-state ligand exchange technique,a compact and crack-free thin film of Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)NCs were ***,perovskite solar cells consisting of Cs_(2)AgBiBr_(6)as an absorber layer were fabricated and tested.

关键词： double perovskite nanocrystals colloidal and chemical stability thin film solar cells

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Antioxidant activity and phenol and flavonoid contents of eight medicinal plants from Western Nepal

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2014年第5期34卷 584-590页

作者： Lalita Subedi Sunita Timalsena Pabitra Duwadi ritu Thapa Anita Paudel Kalpana Parajuli Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Health and Allied SciencesPokhara University

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity, phenolic and flavonoids contents of selected medicinal plants form the Western region of ***: The antioxidant activity of selected medicinal plants were determined by using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity; total ferric ion reducing ability through spectroscopic analysis. The content of total phenols was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, whereas Aluminum chloride colorimetric method was used for flavonoid ***: Extracts of Syzygium Operculatus(87%),Astilbe Rivularis(83%) and Mallotus Philippnensis(88%) showed significant free radical scavenging activity with effective concentration(EC50) close to that of ascorbic acid. Syzygium Operculatus(96%),Astilbe Rivularis(97%) and Mallotus Philippnensis(97%) had potent reducing power in concentration dependent fashion. Those plant extract with higher free radical scavenging and ferric reducing effect also showed the greater content of both phenols and flavonoids, suggesting the correlation between polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity. Those plant extracts which showed better antioxidant activity assays, also demonstrated higher total phenol and flavonoid contents. These three plants showed the presence of higher amount of phenols and ***: This study may provide the scientific basis for the traditional use of those plants and may provide valuable idea for further research.

关键词： Plants, medicinal Antioxidants 2, 2-di-phenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl Phenol Flavonoids

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