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临床心电学杂志 1992年第4期1卷 156-159页

作者：张馥敏 richard.w.harper 南京医学院第一附属医院心脏科 210029 澳大利亚墨尔本市Monash医学中心

射频消蚀治疗无器质性心脏病基础、起源于右室流出道的室性心律失常,其中室速与室早各2例。治疗后3例心律失常消失,1例术后发作一次非持续性室速,再用氟卡胺变为有效。随访3—6个月,未发现与消蚀有关的并发症。

关键词：心动过速消蚀术射频心律失常

射频消融治疗顽固性快速型房性心律失常18例

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中国实用心电杂志 1995年第4期16卷 148-149页

作者：张馥敏 richard.w.harper 南京医科大学附属第一医院澳大利亚墨尔本市Monash医学中心

18例快速型房性心律失常患者接受射频电流消融房室交界区后植入起搏器。本文对照消融结果分析了消融前A波、H波和V波振幅,以及AH、HV间期。提出消融靶点应为HV间期较长、A波较大、V波较小的部位。

关键词：导管消融射频电流房室传导完全性心脏传导阻滞右束支传导阻滞

Interaction of obesity and inflammatory bowel disease

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第35期22卷 7868-7881页

作者： Jason w harper Timothy L Zisman Department of Gastroenterology Swedish Medical CenterWA 98195United States Inflammatory Bowel Disease Program Division of GastroenterologyUniversity of Washington Medical CenterSeattleWA98195 United States

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of unknown etiology that is thought to result from a combination of genetic, immunologic and environmental factors. The incidence of IBD has been increasing in recent decades, especially in developing and developed nations, and this is hypothesized to be in part related to the change in dietary and lifestyle factors associated with modernization. The prevalence of obesity has risen in parallel with the rise in IBD, suggesting a possible shared environmental link between these two conditions. Studies have shown that obesity impacts disease development and response to therapy in patients with IBD and other autoimmune conditions. The observation that adipose tissue produces pro-inflammatory adipokines provides a potential mechanism for the observed epidemiologic links between obesity and IBD, and this has developed into an active area of investigative inquiry. Additionally, emerging evidence highlights a role for the intestinal microbiota in the development of both obesity and IBD, representing another potential mechanistic connection between the two conditions. In this review we discuss the epidemiology of obesity and IBD, possible pathophysiologic links, and the clinical impact of obesity on IBD disease course and implications for management.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Obesity Body mass index

Late Ordovician Mass Extinction: Earth, fire and ice

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 51-65页

作者： David A.T.harper Palaeoecosystems Group Department of Earth SciencesDurham University

The Late Ordovician Mass Extinction was the earliest of the ‘big’ five extinction events and the earliest to affect the trajectory of metazoan life. Two phases have been identified near the start of the Hirnantian period and in the middle. It was a massive taxonomic extinction, a weak phylogenetic extinction and a relatively benign ecological extinction. A rapid cooling, triggering a major ice age that reduced the temperature of surface waters, prompted a drop in sea level of some 100 m and introduced toxic bottom waters onto the shelves. These symptoms of more fundamental planetary processes have been associated with a range of factors with an underlying driver identified as volcanicity. Volcanic eruptions, and other products, may have extended back in time to at least the Sandbian and early Katian, suggesting the extinctions were more protracted and influential than hitherto documented.

关键词： Ordovician LOME paleoecology palaeobiogeography biotas

Drought can offset potential water use efficiency of forest ecosystems from rising atmospheric CO2

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第4期32卷 262-274页

作者： Ning Liu Jatin Kala Shirong Liu Vanessa Haverd Bernard Dell Keith R.J.Smettem richard J.harper Environmental and Conservation Sciences Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150 Australia Research Institute of Forest Ecology Environment and ProtectionChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 10091 China CSIRO Oceans&Atmosphere ACT 2600 Australia

Increasing atmospheric CO2 is both leading to climate change and providing a potential fertilisation effect on plant ***,southern Australia has also experienced a significant decline in rainfall over the last 30 years,resulting in increased vegetative water *** better understand the dynamics and responses of Australian forest ecosystems to drought and elevated CO2,the magnitude and trend in water use efficiency(wUE)of forests,and their response to drought and elevated CO2 from 1982 to 2014 were analysed,using the best available model estimates constrained by observed fluxes from simulations with fixed and time-varying *** ratio of gross primary productivity(GPP)to evapotranspiration(ET)(wUEe)was used to identify the ecosystem scale wUE,while the ratio of GPP to transpiration(Tr)(wUEc)was used as a measure of canopy scale *** increased significantly in northern Australia(pwoody savannas(wSA),whereas there was a slight decline in the wUE of evergreen broadleaf forests(EBF)in the southeast and southwest of *** lag of wUEc to drought was consistent and relatively short and stable between biomes(wUEe,with a long time-lag(mean of 10 months).The dissimilar responses of wUEe and wUEc to climate change for different geographical areas result from the different proportion of Tr in ***2 fertilization and a wetter climate enhanced wUE in northern Australia,whereas drought offset the CO2 fertilization effect in southern Australia.

关键词： water use efficiency Elevated CO2 Carbon sequestration,drought Forest Australia

An enhanced functional ability questionnaire(faVIQ) to measure the impact of rehabilitation services on the visually impaired

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2014年第1期7卷 77-85页

作者： James Stuart wolffsohn Jonathan Jackson Olivia Anne Hunt Charles Cottriall Jennifer Lindsay richard Gilmour Anne Sinclair Robert harper Aston University Life and Health SciencesOphthalmic Research Group Australian College of Optometry Royal Victoria Hospital Oxford Eye Hospital Royal Victoria Hospital Belfast Altnagelvin Area Hospital Low Vision Clinic Fife Low Vision Centre for the Blind Manchester Royal Eye Hospital and Manchester Academic and Health Science Centre Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

AIM: To develop a short,enhanced functional ability Quality of Vision(faVIQ) instrument based on previous questionnaires employing comprehensive modern statistical techniques to ensure the use of an appropriate response scale,items and scoring of the visual related difficulties experienced by patients with visual impairment. · METHODS: Items in current quality-of-life questionnaires for the visually impaired were refined by a multi-professional group and visually impaired focus groups. The resulting 76 items were completed by 293 visually impaired patients with stable vision on two occasions separated by a month. The faVIQ scores of 75 patients with no ocular pathology were compared to 75 age and gender matched patients with visual impairment. ·RESULTS: Rasch analysis reduced the faVIQ items to 27. Correlation to standard visual metrics was moderate(r =0.32-0.46) and to the NEI-VFQ was 0.48. The faVIQ was able to clearly discriminate between age and gender matched populations with no ocular pathology and visual impairment with an index of 0.983 and 95% sensitivity and 95% specificity using a cut off of 29.·CONCLUSION: The faVIQ allows sensitive assessment of quality-of-life in the visually impaired and should support studies which evaluate the effectiveness of low vision rehabilitation services.

关键词： quality of life visual impairment low vision functional ability sensitivity specificity

The demands of the extra-time period of soccer:A systematic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第3期11卷 403-414页

作者： Adam Field Robert Joseph Naughton Matthew Haines Steve Lui Liam David Corr Mark Russell richard Michael Page Liam David harper School of Human and Health Sciences University of HuddersfieldHuddersfieldHD13DHUK School of Social and Health Sciences Leeds Trinity UniversityBrownberrie LaneHorsforthLeedsLS185HDUK Department of Sport&Physical Activity Edge Hill UniversitySt.Helens RoadOrmskirkLancashireL394QPUK

Background:Soccer match-play is typically contested over 90 min;however,in some cup and tournament scenarios,when matches are tied,they proceed to an additional 30 min,which is termed "extra-time^(ET).This systematic review sought to appraise the literature available on 120-min of soccer-specific exercise,with a view to identifying practical recommendations and future research ***:The review was conducted according to the PRISMA *** researchers performed a systematic search of PubMed,CINAHL,and PsycINFO in May 2019,with the following keywords entered in various combinations:"soccer","football","extra-time","extra time","extratime","120 minutes","120 min","additional 30 minutes",and "additional 30 min".Results:The search yielded an initial 73 *** the screening process,11 articles were accepted for *** were subsequently organized into the following 5 categories:movement demands of ET,performance responses to ET,physiological and neuromuscular response during ET,nutritional interventions,and recovery and *** results highlighted that during competitive match-play,players cover5%-12% less distance relative to match duration(i.e.,meters per minute) during ET compared to the preceding 90 *** in technical performance(i.e.,shot speed,number of passes and dribbles) were also observed during ***,carbohydrate provision may attenuate and improve dribbling performance during ***,objective and subjective measures of recovery may be further compromised following ET when compared to 90 ***:Additional investigations are warranted to further substantiate these findings and identify interventions to improve performance during ET.

关键词： Movement demands Neuromuscular fatigue Nutritional intervention Performance Physiology

The Golden Spike Still Glitters:The(Re)construction of a Global Chronostratigraphy

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第S01期93卷 24-27页

作者： David A.T.harper Palaeoecosystems Group Department of Earth SciencesDurham UniversityDurham DH13LEUK

1 Introduction Stratigraphy,placing the sequence of events in Earth history into order,is a fundamental part of the *** the starting point is a regional stratigraphy,based on lithological,mappable units,correlated by fossils with local,regional and global chronostratigraphical *** units were traditionally defined on their fossil content,as essentially unit ***,commonly there were no clear boundaries.

关键词： stratigraphy biostratigraphy GSSPs milankovitch cycles timescale

Maturity-associated considerations for training load,injury risk,and physical performance in youth soccer:One size does not fit all

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第4期10卷 403-412页

作者： Chris Towlson Jamie Salter Jack D.Ade Kevin Enright Liam D.harper richard M.Page James J.Malone Department of Sport Health and Exercise ScienceUniversity of HullHull HU67RXUK School of Sport York St John UniversityYork YO317EXUK Liverpool FC Academy Liverpool Football ClubLiverpool L337EDUK Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences L3Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool L33AUK Human and Health Sciences University of HuddersfieldHuddersfield HD13DHUK Department of Sport and Physical Activity Edge Hill UniversityOrmskirk L394QPUK School of Health Sciences Liverpool Hope UniversityLiverpool L169JDUK

Biological maturation can be defined as the timing and tempo of progress to achieving a mature *** estimation of age of peak height velocity(PHV)or percentage of final estimated adult stature attainment(%EASA)is typically used to inform the training process in young *** youth soccer,maturity-related changes in anthropometric and physical fitness characteristics are diverse among individuals,particularly around *** this time,players are also at an increased risk of sustaining an overuse or growth-related *** a result,the implementation of training interventions can be *** purpose of this review was to(1)highlight and discuss many of the methods that can be used to estimate maturation in the applied setting and(2)discuss the implications of manipulating training load around PHV on physical development and injury *** have provided key stakeholders with a practical online tool for estimating player maturation status(Supplementary Maturity Estimation Tools).whilst estimating maturity using predictive equations is useful in guiding the training process,practitioners should be aware of its *** increase the accuracy and usefulness of data,it is also vital that sports scientists implement reliable testing protocols at predetermined time-points.

关键词： Growth Injury Maturation Soccer Training

Fiduciary Responsibility: Facilitating Public Trust in Automated Decision Making

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Journal of Social Computing 2022年第4期3卷 345-362页

作者： Shannon B.harper Eric S.weber Department of Sociology and Criminal Justice Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA. Department of Mathematics Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA.

Automated decision-making systems are being increasingly deployed and affect the public in a multitude of positive and negative *** and private institutions use these systems to process information according to certain human-devised rules in order to address social problems or organizational *** research and real-world experience indicate that the public lacks trust in automated decision-making systems and the institutions that deploy *** recreancy theorem argues that the public is more likely to trust and support decisions made or influenced by automated decision-making systems if the institutions that administer them meet their fiduciary ***,often the public is never informed of how these systems operate and resultant institutional decisions are made.A“black box”effect of automated decision-making systems reduces the public’s perceptions of integrity and ***,the institutions administering these systems are less able to assess whether the decisions are *** result is that the public loses the capacity to identify,challenge,and rectify unfairness or the costs associated with the loss of public goods or *** current position paper defines and explains the role of fiduciary responsibility within an automated decision-making *** formulate an automated decision-making system as a data science lifecycle(DSL)and examine the implications of fiduciary responsibility within the context of the *** responsibility within DSLs provides a methodology for addressing the public’s lack of trust in automated decision-making systems and the institutions that employ them to make decisions affecting the *** posit that fiduciary responsibility manifests in several contexts of a DSL,each of which requires its own mitigation of sources of *** instantiate fiduciary responsibility,a Los Angeles Police Department(LAPD)predictive policing case study is *** examine the de

关键词： trust artificial intelligence automated decision-making recreancy theorem fiduciary responsibility