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Effects of Aronia polyphenols on the physico-chemical properties of whey,soy,and pea protein isolate dispersions

Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2021年第1期3卷 391-405页

作者： mackenzie m.Hansen richard W.Hartel Yrjö H.Roos Food Technology School of Food and Nutritional SciencesUniversity College CorkCorkIreland Department of Food Science College of Agricultural and Life SciencesUniversity of WisconsinOffice A11Babcock Hall1605 Linden DriveMadisonWI 53706USA

Bioactive compounds including polyphenols(PP)have been observed to naturally form non-covalent complexation interactions with proteins under mild pH and temperature conditions,affecting protein structures and ***,addition of Aronia berry PP to liquid dispersions containing whey protein isolate(WPI)and sucrose was found to alter characteristics including viscosity,surface tension,and particle sizes,with changes being attributed to protein-PP *** this study we aimed to investigate whether Aronia PP would interact with soy and pea protein isolates(SPI and PPI,respectively)to a similar extent as with WPI in liquid protein-sucrose-PP *** hypothesized that formulations containing PPI(comprised of larger proteins)and hydrolyzed SPI(containing more carboxyl groups)may exhibit increased viscosities and decreased aggregate sizes due to enhanced protein-PP *** liquid dispersions of varied ratios of protein to sucrose contents,containing different protein isolates(WPI,SPI,and PPI),and varied Aronia PP concentrations were formulated,and physical properties were evaluated to elucidate the effects of PP *** addition altered physical characteristics differently depending on the protein isolate used,with changes attributed to protein-PP *** and PPI appeared to have higher propensities for PP interactions and exhibited more extensive shifts in physical properties than WPI *** findings may be useful for practical applications such as formulating products containing fruit and proteins to obtain desirable sensory attributes.

关键词： Whey protein Soy protein Pea protein Polyphenols Concentrated dispersions Physico-chemical properties

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In memoriam:*** ***

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第4期9卷 485-489页

作者： Dennis C.Flanagan richard m.Cruse James L.Baker Paige Chyu USDA-Agricultural Research Service National Soil Erosion Research LaboratoryWest LafayetteINUSA Department of Agronomy Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA Department of Agricultural&Biosystems Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation BeijingChina

The soil erosion research and soil and water conservation global community lost a treasured member on November 20,2020,when *** matthew Laflen(Fig.1)*** one with a friendly welcoming smile,John had hundreds of friends,both personally and professionally throughout the *** article includes many of his professional and scientific contributions,and impacts from his research and outreach activities.

关键词： soil hundreds professional

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Lower esophageal sphincter relaxation is impaired in older patients with dysphagia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第10期17卷 1326-1331页

作者： Laura K Besanko Carly m Burgstad Reme mountifi eld Jane m Andrews richard Heddle Helen Checklin Robert JL Fraser Investigation and Procedures Unit Repatriation General Hospital Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Royal Adelaide Hospital Discipline of medicine University of Adelaide Adelaide 5000 South Australia Australia Department of medicine Flinders University of South Australia Bedford Park 5042 South Australia Australia

AIm: To characterize the effects of age on the mechanisms underlying the common condition of esophageal dysphagia in older patients, using detailed manometric analysis. mETHODS: A retrospective case-control audit was performed on 19 patients aged ≥ 80 years (mean age 85 ± 0.7 year) who underwent a manometric study for dysphagia (2004-2009). Data were compared with 19 younger dysphagic patients (32 ± 1.7 years). Detailed manometric analysis performed prospectively included basal lower esophageal sphincter pressure (BLESP), pre-swallow and nadir LESP, esophageal body pressures and peristaltic duration, during water swallows (5 mL) in right lateral (RL) and upright (UR) postures and with solids. Data are mean ± SE; a P-value mmHg; P mmHg vs 0.7 ± 0.6 mmHg, P mmHg vs 1.6 ± 0.5 mmHg, P = 0.01) with shorter relaxation after solids (7.9 ± 1.5 s vs 9.7 ± 0.4 s, P = 0.05). No age-related differences were seen in esophageal body pressures or peristalsis duration. CONCLUSION: Basal LES pressure is elevated and swallow-induced relaxation impaired in elderly dysphagic patients. Its contribution to dysphagia and the effects of healthy ageing require further investigation.

关键词： Dysphagia Elderly Esophageal motility Lower Esophageal Sphincter Aging

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Twenty-first century climate change and submerged aquatic vegetation in a temperate estuary:the case of Chesapeake Bay

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第7期3卷 14-34页

作者： Thomas m.Arnold richard C.Zimmerman Katharina A.m.Engelhardt J.Court Stevenson Departments of Biology and Environmental Studies Dickinson CollegeCarlislePAUSA Department of Ocean Earth and Atmospheric SciencesOld Dominion UniversityNorfolkVAUSA Appalachian Laboratory University of Maryland Center for Environmental ScienceFrostburgMDUSA Horn Point Laboratory University of Maryland Center for Environmental ScienceCambridgeMDUSA

Introduction:The Chesapeake Bay was once renowned for expansive meadows of submerged aquatic vegetation(SAV).However,only 10%of the original meadows *** restoration effortswill be complicated by accelerating climate change,including physiological stressors such as a predicted mean temperature increase of 2-6℃and a 50-160%increase in CO_(2)***:As the Chesapeake Bay begins to exhibit characteristics of a subtropical estuary,summer heat waves will become more frequent and *** alone would eventually eliminate eelgrass(Zostera marina)from the *** will favor native heat-tolerant species such as widgeon grass(Ruppia maritima)while facilitating colonization by non-native seagrasses(e.g.,Halodule spp.).Intensifying human activity will also fuel coastal zone acidification and the resulting high CO_(2)/low pH conditions may benefit SAV via a“CO_(2)fertilization effect.”Discussion:Acidification is known to offset the effects of thermal stress and may have similar effects in estuaries,assuming water clarity is sufficient to support CO_(2)-stimulated photosynthesis and plants are not overgrown by ***,coastal zone acidification is variable,driven mostly by local biological processes that may or may not always counterbalance the effects of regional *** precarious equipoise between two forces-thermal stress and acidification-will be critically important because it may ultimately determine the fate of cool-water plants such as Zostera marina in the Chesapeake ***:The combined impacts of warming,coastal zone acidification,water clarity,and overgrowth of competing algae will determine the fate of SAV communities in rapidly changing temperate estuaries.

关键词： Submerged aquatic vegetation climate temperature coastal acidification Chesapeake Bay

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Stigmatic exudate in the Annonaceae:Pollinator reward,pollen germination medium or extragynoecial compitum?

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2017年第12期59卷 881-894页

作者： Jenny Y.Y.Lau Chun-Chiu Pang Lawrence Ramsden richard m.K.Saunders School of Biological Sciences the University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina

Although ＂dry-type＂ stigmas are widely re- garded as ancestral in angiosperms, the early-divergent family Annonaceae has copious stigmatic exudate. We evaluate three putative functions for this exudate： as a nutritive reward for pollinators; as a pollen germination medium; and as an extragynoecial compitum that enables pollen tube growth between carpels. Stigmatic exudate is fructose dominated （72.2%）, but with high levels of glucose and sucrose; the dominance of hexose sugars and the diversity of amino acids observed, including many that are essential for insects, support a nutritive role for pollinators. Sugar concentration in pre-receptive flowers is high （28.2%）, falling during the peak period of stigmatic receptivity （17.4%）, and then rising again toward the end of the pistillate phase （32.9%）. Pollen germination was highest in sugar concentrations 〈2%. Sugar concentrations during the peak pistillate phase therefore provide optimal osmolarity for pollen hydration and germination; subsequent changes in sugar concentration during anthesis reinforce protogyny （in which carpels mature before stamens）, enabling the retention of concentrated exudate into the staminate phase as a pollinator food reward without the possibility of pollen germination. Intercarpellary growth of pollen tubes was confirmed： the exudate therefore also functions as a suprastylar extragynoecial compitum, overcoming the limitations of apocarpy.

关键词： Stigmatic exudate in the Annonaceae pollen germination medium or extragynoecial compitum Pollinator reward

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Persistent X-ray-activated phosphors:mechanisms and applications

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第6期11卷 1008-1010页

作者： Cyrille richard Bruno Viana UniversitéParis Cité CNRSINSERMUTCBSUnitéde Technologies Chimiques et Biologiques pour la SantéFacultéde Pharmacie75006 ParisFrance IRCP CNRS UMR8247PSL UniversityChimie ParisTech11 Rue P&M Curie75005 ParisFrance

Trivalent lanthanides in wide bandgap fluoride or phosphate hosts can present persistent luminescence between 200 nm and 1.7 μm after charging by *** are reviewed and applications envisioned.

关键词： lanthanide fluoride luminescence

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microbial starch-binding domains are superior to granule-bound starch synthase I for anchoring luciferase to potato starch granules

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Progress in Natural Science:materials International 2006年第12期16卷 1295-1299页

作者： Jean-Paul VINCKEN Luc C.J.m. SUURS richard G.F. VISSER Laboratory of Plant Breeding Department of Plant Sciences Wageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands

microbial starch-binding domains (SBD) and granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI) are proteins which are accumulated in potato starch granules. The efficiency of SBD and GBSSI for targeting active luciferase reporter proteins to granules during starch biosynthesis was compared. GBSSI or SBD sequences were fused to the N- or C-terminus of the luciferase (LUC) gene, via an artificial Pro-Thr encoding linker sequence. The genes were introduced into an amylose-free (amf) potato mutant. It appeared that SBD was superior to GBSSI as a targeting sequence, mainly because the luciferase retained higher activity in the SBD-containing fusion proteins than in the GBSSI-containing ones.

关键词： luciferase GBSS I SBD amf potato.

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Application of the modified vaccination technique for the prevention and cure of chronic ailments

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2010年第2期3卷 160-166页

作者： Arpad Z Barabas Chad D Cole Arpad D Barabas richard m Graeff Rene Lafreniere Donald m Weir Department of Surgery University of Calgary Department of Neurosurgery University of Utah Department of Pharmacology University of Minnesota University of Edinburgh medical School

Over the years vaccination has proven to be the most successful health protection program for large populations,to prevent them from acquiring serious infectious and contagious diseases caused by exogenous antigens(ags) such as bacteria and *** is generally achieved by an active immunization program,though passive immunization has also been employed, especially in the past,to combat diseases caused by certain bacterial infections(***, diphtheria,etc.). most recently,encouraging research data suggests that therapeutic approaches employing vaccination techniques can also be used to correct or deal with mishaps induced by or involving endogenous ***,most attempts at employing conventional vaccination techniques to do so have proven less than *** the case of cancer,one of the reasons for this is that the presentation of cancer related ags in presently available immunization frameworks is unable to evoke a powerful,specific cancer killing ***,drug treatments have been required in order to achieve additional beneficial effects. Recently,the Barabas group has developed a new vaccination technique(the third vaccination method,after active and passive immunization) called modified Vaccination Technique(mVT). In experiments the mVT has been able to prevent-and with equal effectiveness,terminatemishaps induced by or involving endogenous ags,*** an experimental autoimmune kidney disease called slowly progressive Heymann nephritis(SPHN). The mVT is safe,and is able to initiate a specific immune response in the injected host(provided the injected components are in pure form).The mVT promises to provide the next generation of vaccines for the prevention,treatment,and termination of chronic disorders in humans,such as autoimmune diseases,cancer,and chronic infections.

关键词： Autoimmunity modified vaccination technique Prophylactic Therapeutic

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Expansion of GARP-Expressing CD4^(+)CD25^(-)FoxP3^(+)T Cells and SATB1Association with Activation and Coagulation in Immune Compromised HIV-1-Infected Individuals in South Africa

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第5期36卷 1133-1143页

作者： Eman Teer Danzil E.Joseph Leanne Dominick richard H.Glashoff m.Faadiel Essop Centre for Cardio-metabolic Research in Africa(CARmA) Department of Physiological SciencesStellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch 7600South Africa Division of medical microbiology and Immunology Department of PathologyStellenbosch University and NHLSCape Town 7505South Africa

Although antiretroviral treatment lowers the burden of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-related disease,it does not always result in immunological *** manifests as persistent chronic inflammation,immune activation or exhaustion that can promote the onset of *** the exact function of regulatory T(Treg)cells in HIV remains unclear,this cross-sectional study investigated three expression markers(Forkhead box protein P3[FOXP3],glycoprotein A repetitions predominant[GARP],special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1[SATB1])and compared their expansion between CD4^(+)CD25^(-)and CD4^(+)CD25^(++)T ***-matched study subjects were recruited(Western Cape,South Africa)and sub-divided:HIV-negative subjects(n=12),HIV-positive na(i|")ve treated(n=22),HIV-positive treated based on CD4 count cells/μL(CD4>500 and CD4mL(VL1000)(n=34).markers of immune activation(CD38)and coagulation(CD142)on T cells(CD8)were assessed by flow cytometry together with FOXP3,GARP and SATB1 expression on CD4^(+)CD25^(-)and CD4^(+)CD25^(++)T *** levels of interleukin-10(IL-10;anti-inflammatory marker),IL-6(inflammatory marker)and D-dimer(coagulation marker)were *** study revealed three major findings in immuno-compromised patients with virological failure(CD41000):(1)the expansion of the unconventional Treg cell subset(CD4^(+)CD25^(-)FOXP3^(+))is linked with disease progression markers;(2)increased GARP expression in the CD4^(+)CD25^(-)and CD4^(+)CD25^(++)subsets;and(3)the identification of a strong link between CD4^(+)CD25^(-)SATB1+cells and markers of immune activation(CD8^(+)CD38^(+))and coagulation(CD8^(+)CD142^(+)and D-dimer).

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) Regulatory T cells(Treg) Immune activation Progression markers Glycoprotein A repetitions predominant(GARP) Forkhead box protein P3(FOXP3)

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Patterns of grassland invasions by trees: insights from demographic and genetic spatial analyses

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第5期8卷 468-479页

作者： martin Dovčiak richard Hrivnák Karol Ujházy Dušan Gömöry State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry(SUNY ESF)1 Forestry DriveSyracuseNY 13210USA Institute of Botany Slovak Academy of SciencesDúbravskácesta 9Bratislava 84523Slovakia Technical University in Zvolen Faculty of ForestryT.G.Masaryka 24Zvolen 96053Slovakia

Aims Woody invasions into grasslands have increased globally due to changing land use,climate and introduced woody species,but spatial processes generating and sustaining these invasions are not well *** gain insight into the patterns of spread of tree populations within grasslands,and to propose a full spatial analytical toolbox for studying native and non-native woody spe-cies spread when long-term data are not available,we tested if 50 years of grassland invasion in Western Carpathians by Norway spruce(Picea abies Karst.)proceeded by one of the two tradi-tionally competing hypotheses of species spread:(i)by frontier expansion,or(ii)by advanced groups established ahead of the population *** also tested whether the pattern of invasion changed over *** We analyzed the spatial demographic and genetic patterns of a Norway spruce population invading a Western Carpathian grass-land using ripley’s L(t)and genetic kinship coefficients(Fij).We mapped and genotyped spruce trees across the invasion front(from the invasion leading edge to fully colonized grassland near the source population)using three demographic classes(adults,juve-niles and seedlings)to approximate the temporal aspects of the *** studied how the spatial patterns of invasion by indi-vidual demographic classes and their genetic kinship varied among adjacent plots established at different distances from the source population(ranging from 0 to 160 m,in 40-m distance increments).Important Findings Juveniles were positively genetically related to adults on fine scales(m),suggesting that adults within the grassland acted as a seed source and accelerated early ***,adults did not act as nucleation centers for the formation of advanced juvenile ***,geneti-cally unrelated juveniles formed groups independently of *** groups were small and separate at the leading edge but they increased in size and graded into a continuous zone near the source popul

关键词： genetic spatial structure mountain meadows point pattern analysis population structure secondary succession

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