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Emerging therapeutic options for the management of hepatitis C infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第23期20卷 7079-7088页

作者： J richard Thompson Department of pharmacy practice One University Park DriveLipscomb University College of PharmacyNashvilleTN 37204United States

Until recently the traditional treatment for hepatitis C infection included pegylated interferon and ribavirin combination *** sustained virological response(SVR)seen with this combination is poor and requires lengthy treatment to ***,significant side effects and numerous contraindications prevented many patients from being successfully treated with this *** 2011,two new protease inhibitors,telaprevir and boceprevir,were approved for use with pegylated interferon and ribavirin in the United States by the United States Food and Drug *** agents have significantly improved SVR rates;however significant problems with toxicity remain including severe skin rash and *** are a wide range of compounds in late stage development for the future treatment of hepatitis C that exploit many different mechanisms of viral *** of these compounds include additional protease inhibitors,like telaprevir and boceprevir,as well as inhibitors of other nonstructural proteins in the viral genome such as NS5A and NS5B,and compounds that target host proteins within the *** of these agents are being developed for oral administration once daily and various combinations are being assessed for use without the need for pegylated interferon and *** paper reviews agents in late phase development that may be commercially available within 1-2 years.

关键词： Hepatitis C pharmacotherapy Interferon Ribavirin protease inhibitors polymerase inhibitors Cyclophilin inhibitors

Digital imaging approaches for phenotyping whole plant nitrogen and phosphorus response in Brachypodium distachyon

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2014年第8期56卷 781-796页

作者： richard poiré Vincent Chochois Xavier R.R.Sirault John p.Vogel Michelle Watt Robert T.Furbank CSIRO plant Industry High Resolution plant phenomics Centre CSIRO Plant Industry USDA-ARS Western Regional Research Center

This work evaluates the phenotypic response of the model grass （Brachypodium distacbyon （L.） p. Beauv.） to nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition using a combination of imaging techniques and destructive harvest of shoots and roots. Reference line Bd21-3 was grown in pots using 11 phosphorus and 11 nitrogen concentrations to establish a dose-response curve. Shoot biovolume and biomass, root length and biomass, and tissue phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations increased with nutrient concentration. Shoot biovolume, estimated by imaging, was highly correlated with dry weight （R2 〉 0.92） and both biovolume and growth rate responded strongly to nutrient availability. Higher nutrient supply increased nodal root length more than other root types. photochemical efficiency was strongly reduced by low phosphorus concentrations as early as 1 week after germination, suggesting that this measurement may be suitable for high throughput screening of phosphorus response. In contrast, nitrogen concentration had little effect on photochemical efficiency. Changes in biovolume over time were used to compare growth rates of four accessions in response tonitrogen and phosphorus supply. We demonstrate that a time series image-based approach coupled with mathematical modeling provides higher resolution of genotypic response to nutrient supply than traditional destructive techniques and shows promise for high throughput screening and determina- tion of genomic regions associated with superior nutrient use efficiency.

关键词： Nutrients uptake phenomics photosynthesis root shootCitation: poire R, Chochois V, Sirault XRR, Vogel Jp, Watt M, Furbank RT(2o14) Digital imaging approaches for phenotyping whole plantnitrogen and phosphorus response in Brachypodium distachyon.

Two remarkable epimerizations imperative for the success of an asymmetric total synthesis of (+)-aigialospirol

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Science China Chemistry 2011年第1期54卷 31-42页

作者： FIGUEROA Ruth FELTENBERGER John B. GUEVARRA Christle C. HSUNG richard p. Division of pharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin School of pharmaceutical Science and Technology Tianjin University

Two remarkable epimerization processes were uncovered during our pursuit of an enantioselective synthesis of(+)-aigialospirol featuring a cyclic acetal tethered ring-closing *** modeling,we were able to turn these two unexpected epimerizations to our advantage via modeling to ensure a successful and concise total synthesis,thereby firmly establishing cyclic acetal tethered RCM as a powerful strategy in natural product *** importantly,calculations allowed us to fully understand the nature and the mechanistic course of these two epimerizations that were imperative to the total synthesis efforts.

关键词： cyclic acetal tethered RCM (+)-aigialospirol anomeric effect and epimerization.

Kaempferia parviflora ethanol extract improves self-assessed sexual health in men:a pilot study

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第4期16卷 249-254页

作者： richard A.Stein Kira Schmid Jowell Bolivar Andrew G.Swick Steven V.Joyal Steven p.Hirsh Life Extension 3600 West Commercial BlvdFort tauderdaleFL 33309USA Life Extension Clinical Research Inc.5990 North Federal HighwayFort LauderdaleFL 33308USA

Background： Sexual health positively correlates with overall wellbeing. Existing therapeutics to enhance male sexual health are limited by factors that include responsiveness, adherence and adverse effects. As the population ages, safe and effective interventions that preserve male sexual function are needed. published research suggests that various preparations of Kaempferia parviflora, a plant in the Zingiberaceae （ginger） family, support cardiovascular health and may ameliorate erectile function. Objective： The aim of this study was to examine the effects of KaempMaxTM, an ethanol extract of the K. parvi]lora rhizome, on erectile function in healthy middle-aged and older men. Design, setting, participants and interventions： We conducted an open-label, one-arm study on 14 generally healthy males aged 50-68 years with self-reported mild erectile dysfunction, who were not using pre- scription treatments. participants took 100 mg KaempMaxTM daily for 30 days. Main outcome measures： Evaluations were conducted at baseline and on the final study assessment. primary efficacy analyses included the International Index of Erectile Function （IIEF）; secondary efficacy analyses included the Global Assessment Question about erectile function. Results： Thirteen participants completed the 30-day study. Supplementation with KaempMaxTM resulted in statistically significant improvements in erectile function, intercourse satisfaction and total scores on the IIEF questionnaire. KaempMaxTM was well tolerated and exhibited an excellent safety profile. Conclusion： Our results suggest that KaempMaxTM may improve erectile function in healthy middle-aged and older men. While the effects were not as pronounced as what might be seen with prescription med- ication, most participants found them satisfactory. Additional, longer and placebo-controlled clinical tri- als will be needed. Trial registration： *** identifier Ncr03389867.

关键词： Sexual health Kaempferia parviflom Complementary therapies KaempMax^TM Global Assessment QuestionInternational Index of Erectile Function

The discovery of magnetotactic/magnetosensitive bacteria

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2009年第1期27卷 1-2页

作者： richard B. FRANKEL Department of physics California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo

Magnetotactic bacteria orient and migrate along magnetic field lines in aquatic habitats. The first paper on this phenomenon was written by richard p. Blakemore （Blakemore, 1975; 1982）.

关键词： magnetotaxis magnetosensitivity bacteria discovery

RBM20 is an essential factor for thyroid hormone-regulated titin isoform transition

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2015年第1期7卷 88-90页

作者： Chaoqun Zhu Zhiyong Yin Jun Ren richard J.McCormick Stephen p.Ford Wei Guo Department of Animal Science College of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity of WyomingLaramieWY 82071USA Department of Cardiology XiJing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032China Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine College of Health ScienceUniversityof WyomingLaramieWY 82071USA

Dear Editor,Diastolic heart failure(DHF)and systolic heart failure(SHF)are two main subsets of chronic heart failure that are commonly encountered in clinical practice(Chatterjee and Massie,2007).

关键词： clinical heart systolic

A Numerical Investigation into the Bending of Metallic Laminate Sheet

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2019年第2期7卷 314-324页

作者： richard p. Turner School of Metallurgy & Materials University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom

A finite element model to simulate the bending of tri-layer laminate metallic sheet was proposed, and the model?was?developed in the commercial finite element (FE) solver deform. The model was simulated under adiabatic conditions (thus assuming zero heat transfer), with room temperature material properties and an ambient atmosphere assumed throughout. The models used copper as the core layer, whilst the upper and lower face layers were alternated between an aluminium alloy Al 2017, a titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V, and a stainless steel 316L. Thus, room temperature mechanical properties for Ti-6Al-4V, copper, 316L stainless steel and 2017 Al alloy were entered into the model. FE predictions suggest that the material used in the face layers are of significant design importance, with variation in the peak strain in the face layers of around one-third, whilst significant variation in these layers for peak Von Mises stress, with Ti-6Al-4V and Al 2017 alloys was significantly closer to their ultimate tensile strength (UTS) values than 316L. However in the core copper layer the stress and strain predictions were largely unaffected. In models that mixed Al 2017 and 316L upper and lower face layers, significant differences in peak strains in the face layers were predicted, with the 316L layer suffering greater strains when paired with the Al 2017 alloy than paired with itself. A sensible locating of the materials in upper and lower face layers is predicted to give optimised stress and strain fields.

关键词： Stress Strain Layer Simulation Cockroft-Latham

High performance In Vivo Near-IR (>1 μm) Imaging and photothermal Cancer Therapy with Carbon Nanotubes

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Nano Research 2010年第11期3卷 779-793页

作者： Joshua T.Robinson Kevin Welsher Scott M.Tabakman Sarah p.Sherlock Hailiang Wang richard Luong Hongjie Dai Department of Chemistry Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Department of Comparative Medicine Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA 94305USA

Short single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs)functionalized by pEGylated phospholipids are biologically non-toxic and long-circulating nanomaterials with intrinsic near infrared photoluminescence(NIR pL),characteristic Raman spectra,and strong optical absorbance in the near infrared(NIR).This work demonstrates the first dual application of intravenously injected SWNTs as photoluminescent agents for in vivo tumor imaging in the 1.0-1.4μm emission region and as NIR absorbers and heaters at 808 nm for photothermal tumor elimination at the lowest injected dose(70μg of SWNT/mouse,equivalent to 3.6 mg/kg)and laser irradiation power(0.6 W/cm2)reported to *** vivo resonance Raman imaging revealed the SWNT distribution within tumors at a high spatial *** tumor elimination was achieved for large numbers of photothermally treated mice without any toxic side effects after more than six months ***,side-by-side experiments were carried out to compare the performance of SWNTs and gold nanorods(AuNRs)at an injected dose of 700μg of AuNR/mouse(equivalent to 35 mg/kg)in NIR photothermal ablation of tumors in *** effective tumor elimination with SWNTs was achieved at 10 times lower injected doses and lower irradiation powers than for *** results suggest there are significant benefits of utilizing the intrinsic properties of biocompatible SWNTs for combined cancer imaging and therapy.

关键词： photothermal cancer SWNT imaging treatment

Strategies to reduce pulmonary complications after esophagectomy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第39期19卷 6509-6514页

作者： Teus J Weijs Jelle p Ruurda Grard Ap Nieuwenhuijzen richard van Hillegersberg Misha Dp Luyer Department of Surgery University Medical Center Utrecht3584 CX UtrechtThe Netherlands Department of Surgery Catharina Hospital Eindhoven5623 EJ EindhovenThe Netherlands

Esophagectomy,the surgical removal of all or part of the esophagus,is a surgical procedure that is associated with high morbidity and *** complications are an especially important postoperative ***,many perioperative strategies to prevent pulmonary complications after esophagectomy have been investigated and introduced in daily clinical ***,we review these strategies,including improvement of patient performance and technical advances such as minimally invasive surgery that have been implemented in recent ***,interventions such as methylprednisolone,neutrophil elastase inhibitor and epidural analgesia,which have been shown to reduce pulmonary complications,are *** of the commonly applied routine nasogastric decompression,delay of oral intake and prophylactic mechanical ventilation are unclear,and many of these strategies are also evaluated ***,we will discuss recent insights and new developments aimed to improve pulmonary outcomes after esophagectomy.

关键词： Esophagectomy Complications pneumonia Acute lung injury Acute respiratory distress syndrome