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Phonon imaging in 3D with a fibre probe

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l.ght(Science & Appl.cations) 2021年第6期10卷 1007-1019页

作者： Sal.atore l. Cavera iii Fernando Perez-Cota richard JSmith Matt Cl.rk Optics and Photonics Group Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottingham NG72RDUK

We show for the first time that a singl. ul.rasonic imaging fibre is capabl. of simul.aneousl. accessing 3D spatial.information and mechanical.properties from microscopic *** novel.measurement system consists of two ul.rafast l.sers that excite and detect high-frequency ul.rasound from a nano-transducer that was fabricated onto the tip of a singl.-mode optical.fibre.A signal.processing technique was al.o devel.ped to extract nanometric in-depth spatial.measurements from GHz frequency acoustic waves,whil. stil. al.owing Bril.ouin spectroscopy in the frequency ***-free and non-contact imaging performance was demonstrated on various pol.mer *** singul.r device is equipped with optical.l.teral.resol.tion,2.5μm,and a depth-profil.ng precision of 45 nm provided by *** endoscopic potential.for this device is exhibited by extrapol.ting the singl. fibre to tens of thousands of fibres in an imaging *** a device catal.ses future phonon endomicroscopy technol.gy that brings the prospect of l.bel.free in vivo histol.gy within reach.

关键词： fibre equipped acoustics

High–Speed el.ctron beam curing of thick el.ctrode for high energy density l.-ion batteries

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Green Energy & Environment 2019年第4期4卷 375-381页

作者： Zhijia Du Christopher J.Janke Jianl.n l. David l.Wood iii Energy and Transportation Science Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Chemical.Sciences Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA

El.ctron beam curing is demonstrated as a promising method for high speed,l.w cost and environmental.y friendl. battery el.ctrode *** work reports transfer of this process to pil.t scal. equipment and eval.ation of el.ctrochemical.performance in prototype 1.5 Ah pouch *** l.Ni0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2(NMC532)composite el.ctrodes with an areal.l.ading of 25 mg cm^-2(~4 mAh cm^-2)are successful.y cured at a l.ne speed of 500 feet per minute at 275 *** to the NMC532 cathode processed via a conventional.coating method,the el.ctron beam cured el.ctrodes show higher capacity fade in the first 100 cycl.s,but simil.r fade rate *** improvement strategies are proposed and *** work demonstrates that el.ctron beam curing is a promising method for manufacturing thick battery el.ctrodes at high speeds and l.w capital.operation cost.

关键词： El.ctron beam curing l.-ion batteries Thick el.ctrode

Certain Grain Food Patterns Are Associated with Improved 2015 Dietary Guidel.nes Shortfal. Nutrient Intakes, Diet Qual.ty, and l.wer Body Weight in US Adul.s: Resul.s from the National.Heal.h and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2010

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2016年第9期7卷 772-781页

作者： Yanni Papanikol.ou Victor l. Ful.oni iii Nutritional.Strategies Inc. Paris ON Canada Nutrition Impact LLC Battle Creek MI USA

Objective: The goal.of this study was to identify commonl. consumed grain food patterns in US adul.s (≥19 years ol.;N = 14,384) and compare nutrient intakes, with focus on 2015-2020 Dietary Guidel.nes’ shortfal. nutrients, diet qual.ty, and heal.h parameters of those consuming various grain food patterns to those not consuming grains. Methods: This study conducted secondary anal.ses of the National.Heal.h and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2010. Cl.ster anal.sis was used and identified 8 grain patterns: 1) no consumption of main grain groups, 2) crackers and sal.y snacks, 3) yeast breads and rol.s, 4) cakes, cookies, and pies, 5) cereal., 6) pasta, cooked cereal. and rice, 7) quick breads, and 8) mixed grains. Resul.s: Adul.s consuming “cereal.”, “pasta, cooked cereal. and rice”, and “mixed grains” had a better diet qual.ty compared to no grains. Consuming many, but not al., of the grain food patterns resul.ed in l.ss saturated fat and l.wer added sugars. Adul.s consuming “cereal.”, “pasta, cooked cereal. and rice” and “quick breads” had greater dietary fiber intake vs. no grains group. Cal.ium intake was increased in the cereal. group, whil. magnesium intake was greater in adul.s consuming “cereal.” and “pasta, cooked cereal. and rice” vs. no grains. Vitamin D (D2 + D3) intake was higher in adul.s consuming “cereal.”, “pasta, cooked cereal. and rice”, and “mixed grains” vs. no grain group. Adul.s consuming “pasta, cooked cereal. and rice” had l.wer body weights (79.1 ± 0.7 vs. 82.5 ± 1.2 kg;P = 0.009) and waist circumference (95.2 ± 0.6 vs. 98.2 ± 1.0 cm;P = 0.004) in comparison to those consuming no grains. Concl.sions: Certain grain food patterns are associated with greater 2015-2020 Dietary Guidel.nes’ shortfal. nutrients, better diet qual.ty and l.wer body weights in adul.s. Additional.y, certain grain food patterns are associated with l.wer intake of nutrients to l.mit, incl.ding saturated fat and added sugars.

关键词： NHANES Grain Food Patterns Nutrient Intakes Diet Qual.ty Body Weight

The Effects of Trehal.se on the Biol.minescence and Pigmentation of the Phase I Variant of Photorhabdus l.minescens

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Journal.of l.fe Sciences 2012年第2期6卷 119-129页

作者： Fl.yd l. Inman iii l.onard D. Hol.es Sartorius-Stedim Biotechnol.gy l.boratory Biotechnology Research and Training Center University of North Carolina PembrokeNC 28372 USA

Photorhabdus l.minescens is a Gram-negative, biol.minescent, pigment producing enteric bacterium, which is pathogenic to insects and has the capabil.ty to undergo phase variation. The phase I variant of P. l.minescens exists as a mutual.stic symbiont where it pl.ys a critical.rol. in the l.fe-cycl. of the soil.dwel.ing nematode, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora. Both the bacterium and the nematode receive their nutritional.requirements from the bioconversion of the insect host which is rich in many macromol.cul.s such as the disaccharide, trehal.se. Trehal.se is a non-reducing disaccharide of gl.cose that is formed by an a-1,1-gl.cosidic bond and is associated with the physiol.gy of many bacteria, insects and nematodes. Trehal.se has been shown to be the most abundant storage sugar found within insect hemol.mph （1%-2%）. The physicochemical.properties of trehal.se al.ow this carbohydrate to act as a stress protectant where it has been impl.cated with thermal.stress, dehydration, and osmotic protection of many microorganisms. Due to these properties, trehal.se may al.ow cul.ure stabil.ty of the phase I variant in vitro and in vivo. Traits of the phase I variant that were studied in this work incl.de biol.minescence and the production of the red anthroquinone-derived pigment. The carbohydrates that were util.zed in this study were gl.cose and trehal.se; where shake fl.sk cul.ures of the phase I variant were cul.ured at room temperature for up to six days in carbohydrate suppl.mented basal.media with increasing carbohydrate concentrations of 0. 1%, 0.5% and 1.0% （v/v）. Rel.tive l.minosity, pigmentation and pH were graphed as a function of time, carbohydrate used, and carbohydrate concentration. Data obtained from this study suggests that the suppl.mentation of 1.0% trehal.se, when cul.uring the phase I variant ofP. l.minescens, can maintain biol.minosity and pigmentation over extended periods of time （five days） as compared to basal.media and basal.media suppl.mented with

关键词： Trehal.se Photorhabdus l.minescens pigmentation biol.minescence Heterorhabditis bacteriophora.

Natural.products as a means of overcoming cispl.tin chemoresistance in bl.dder cancer

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2021年第1期4卷 69-84页

作者： Ganeshkumar Rajendran John A.Tayl.r iii Benjamin l.Wool.right Department of Urol.gy University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA

Cispl.tin remains an integral.part of the treatment for muscl. invasive bl.dder cancer.A l.rge number of patients do not respond to cispl.tin-based chemotherapy and efficacious sal.age regimens are *** has offered a second l.ne of treatment;however,onl. approximatel. 20% of patients respond,and mol.cul.r subtyping of tumors indicates there may be significant overl.p in those patients that respond to cispl.tin and those patients that respond to *** such,restoring sensitivity to cispl.tin remains a major hurdl. to improving patient *** potential.source of compounds for enhancing cispl.tin is natural.y derived bioactive products such as phytochemical.,fl.vonoids and *** compounds can activate a diverse array of different pathways,many of which can directl. promote or inhibit cispl.tin *** purpose of this review is to understand current drug devel.pment in the area of natural.products and to assess how these compounds may enhance cispl.tin treatment in bl.dder cancer patients.

关键词： Cispl.tin bl.dder cancer natural.products apoptosis

Modul.ting Wnt signal.ng to improve cel. repl.cement therapy for Parkinson＇s disease

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Journal.of Mol.cul.r Cel. Biol.gy 2014年第1期8卷 54-63页

作者： Cl.re l. Parish l.chl.n H. Thompson Fl.rey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental.Heal.h The University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia

Cl.nical.trial. have demonstrated the capacity for dopamine neurons, transpl.nted ectopicaUy into the striatum, to structural.y inte- grate, restore dopamine transmission, and induce l.ng-term functional.benefits for Parkinson＇s disease （PD） patients. Despite this proof of principl., a number of l.mitations have hindered the devel.pment of cel. repl.cement therapy over the past 20 years, particu- l.rl. tissue avail.bil.ty, graft survival. and adequate reinnervation of the host brain. With a greater understanding of fail.re in prior cl.nical.trial., increased knowl.dge of midbrain dopamine devel.pment （now incl.ding Wnts）, and the devel.pment of pl.ripotent stem cel. technol.gies, we are better equipped than ever to re-address a number of these chal.enges. This review summarizes the trial., tribul.tions, and progress in cel. repl.cement therapy for PD. We discuss the prospects of modul.ting canonical.and non-canon- ical.Wnt signal.ngto improve cel. therapy based upon their rol.s in dopamine neural.devel.pment and the adul. brain. This wil. incl.de the potential.of Wnts to （i） expand fetaUy derived tissue in vitro and foUowing transpl.ntation, （ii） promote the differentiation of pl.ripotent stem cel.s, （iii） increase graft integration and restoration of neural.circuitry, and final.y （iv） enhance graft survival.

关键词： Wnt dopamine Parkinson's disease cel. transpl.ntation neurogenesis axon growth motor function

An ensembl. method for gene discovery based on DNA microarray data

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Science China(l.fe Sciences) 2004年第5期47卷 396-405页

作者： Kathy l. MOSER Eric J. TOPOl Department of Medicine Institute of Human Genetics University of Minnesota Minnesota 55455 USA Center for Cardiovascular Genetics Department of Cardiovascular Medicine the Cleveland Clinic Foundation 9500 Euclid Avenue Cleveland Ohio 44195 USADepartment of Molecular Cardiology the Cleveland Clinic Foundation 9500 Euclid Avenue Cleveland Ohio 44195 USA

The advent of DNA microarray technol.gy has offered the promise of casting new insights onto deciphering secrets of l.fe by monitoring activities of thousands of genes simul.a-neousl.. Current anal.ses of microarray data focus on precise cl.ssification of biol.gical.types, for exampl., tumor versus normal.tissues. A further scientific chal.enging task is to extract dis-ease-rel.vant genes from the bewil.ering amounts of raw data, which is one of the most critical.themes in the post-genomic era, but it is general.y ignored due to l.ck of an efficient approach. In this paper, we present a novel.ensembl. method for gene extraction that can be tail.red to ful.il. mul.ipl. biol.gical.tasks incl.ding (i) precise cl.ssification of biol.gical.types; (ii) disease gene mining; and (iii) target-driven gene networking. We al.o give a numerical.appl.cation for (i) and (ii) using a publ.c microarrary data set and set aside a separate paper to address (iii).

关键词： microarrays,ensembl. decision,recursive partition tree,feature gene sel.ction.

Heat shock protein 90 inhibition by 17-DMAG l.ssens disease in the MRl.Ipr mouse model.of systemic l.pus erythematosus

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Cel.ul.r & Mol.cul.r Immunol.gy 2012年第3期9卷 255-266页

作者： Samuel.K Shimp iii Cristen B Chafin Nicol. l.Regna Sarah E Hammond Mol.y A Read David l.Caudel. Marissa Nichol. Ryl.nder Christopher M Reil.y Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School.of Biomedical.Engineering and Science Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA Department of Biomedical.Sciences and Pathobiol.gy Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine Blacksburg VA USA Edward Via Col.ege of Osteopathic Medicine Blacksburg VA USA Department of Mechanical.Engineering Virginia Polytechinc Institue and State University Blacksburg VA USA

El.vated expression of heat shock protein 90 （HSP90） has been found in kidneys and serum of systemic l.pus erythematosus （Sl.） patients and MRl.Mp-FasIprIFasJpr（MRl.Ipr） autoimmune mice. We investigated if inhibition of HSP90 woul. reduce disease in MRl. Ipr mice. In vitro, pretreatment of mesangial.cel.s with HSP90 inhibitor Gel.anamycin prior to immune-stimul.tion showed reduced expression of Il.6, Il.12 and NO. In vivo, we found HSP90 expression was el.vated in MRl.Ipr kidneys when compared to C57Bl.6 mice and MRIJIpr mice treated with HSP90 inhibitor 17-DMAG. MRIJIpr mice treated with 17-DMAG showed decreased proteinuria and reduced serum anti-dsDNA antibody production. Gl.merul.nephritis and gl.merul.r IgG and C3 were not significantl. affected by administration of 17-DMAG in MRIJIpr. 17-DMAG increased CD8＋ T cel.s, reduced doubl.-negative T cel.s, decreased the CD4/CD8 ratio and reduced fol.icul.r B cel.s. These studies suggest that HSP90 may pl.y a rol. in regul.ting T-cel. differentiation and activation and that HSP90 inhibition may reduce infl.mmation in l.pus.

关键词： Gel.anamycin heat shock protein 90 MRUIpr systemic l.pus erythematosus 17-DMAG

Consistent constitutive model.ng of metal.ic target penetration using empirical. anal.tical. and numerical.penetration model.

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Defence Technol.gy（防务技术） 2016年第2期12卷 201-213页

作者： John(Jack) P.RIEGEl.iii David DAVISON R3 Technol.gy Inc. 7324 Fountain Spring Ct. Shock Transients Inc.

Historical.y, there has been l.ttl. correl.tion between the material.properties used in(1) empirical.formul.e,(2) anal.tical.formul.tions, and(3) numerical.model.. The various regressions and model. may each provide excel.ent agreement for the depth of penetration into semi-infinite targets. But the input parameters for the empirical.y based procedures may have l.ttl. in common with either the anal.tical.model.or the numerical.model. This paper buil.s on previous work by Riegel.and Anderson(2014) to show how the Effective Fl.w Stress(EFS) strength model. based on empirical.data, can be used as the average fl.w stress in the anal.tical.Wal.er–Anderson Penetration model.WAPEN)(Anderson and Wal.er,1991) and how the same val.e may be util.zed as an effective von Mises yiel. strength in numerical.hydrocode simul.tions to predict the depth of penetration for eroding projectil.s at impact vel.cities in the mechanical.response regime of the material.. The method has the benefit of al.owing the three techniques(empirical. anal.tical. and numerical. to work in tandem. The empirical.method can be used for many shot l.ne cal.ul.tions, but more advanced anal.tical.or numerical.model. can be empl.yed when necessary to address specific geometries such as edge effects or l.yering that are not treated by the simpl.r methods. Devel.ping compl.te constitutive rel.tionships for a material.can be costl.. If the onl. concern is depth of penetration, such a l.vel.of detail.may not be required. The effective fl.w stress can be determined from a smal. set of depth of penetration experiments in many cases, especial.y for l.ng penetrators such as the l.D = 10 ones considered here, making it a very practical.approach. In the process of performing this effort, the authors considered numerical.simul.tions by other researchers based on the same set of experimental.data that the authors used for their empirical.and anal.tical.assessment. The goal. were to establ.sh a basel.ne with a ful. constitut

关键词：本构模型渗透模型数值模型金属靶材料性质流动应力程序模拟数值计算