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Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Strategies in Kenya

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2012年第4期10卷 22-29页

作者： Patrick Mwendwa richard a.giliba Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Kenya Forestry Training Institute Tanzania

To determine the climate changes that are due to natural variability and those due to human activities is quite challenging,just like delineating the ***,it is equally difficult to ascertain the adaptive strategies for coping with the climate changes and in particular for developing countries like *** climate change is a global phenomenon,the impacts are more or less specific to local areas such as observed in Kenyan *** climate change impacts adaptation strategies are appropriately applicable to a given local *** study investigated the main indicators of climate change and effective adaptive strategies that can be employed in *** on online questionnaire survey,the study established unpredictable rainfall patterns as the major indicator of climate change in the country,while water harvesting and change of cropping methods are the best adaptive strategies.

关键词： daptations climate coping strategies indicators

Changing climate patterns risk the spread of Varroa destructor infestation of African honey bees in Tanzania

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Ecological Processes 2020年第1期9卷 553-563页

作者： richard a.giliba Issa H.Mpinga Sood A.Ndimuligo Mathew M.Mpanda School of Life Sciences and Bio-Engineering The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and TechnologyP.O.Box 447ArushaTanzania Beekeeping Training Institute P.O.Box 62TaboraTanzania Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis(CEES) Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Dar es Salaam Tanzania

Background:Climate change creates opportune conditions that favour the spread of pests and diseases outside their known active *** climate change scenarios is oftentimes useful tool to assess the climate analogues to unveil the potential risk of spreading suitability conditions for pests and diseases and hence allows development of appropriate responses to address the impending *** the current study,we modelled the impact of climate change on the distribution of Varroa destructor,a parasitic mite that attacks all life forms of honey bees and remains a significant threat to their survival and productivity of bee products in Tanzania and ***:The data about the presence of *** were collected in eight regions of Tanzania selected in consideration of several factors including potentials for beekeeping activities,elevation(highlands ***)and differences in climatic conditions.A total of 19 bioclimatic datasets covering the entire country were used for developing climate scenarios of mid-century 2055 and late-century 2085 for both rcp4.5 and *** thereafter modelled the current and future risk distribution of *** using ***:The results indicated a model performance of AUC=0.85,with mean diurnal range in temperature(Bio2,43.9%),mean temperature(Bio1,20.6%)and mean annual rainfall(Bio12,11.7%)as the important *** risk projections indicated mixed responses of the potential risk of spreads of ***,exhibiting both decrease and increases in the mid-century 2055 and late-century 2085 on different ***,there is a general decline of highly suitable areas of *** in mid-and late-century across all scenarios(rcp4.5 and rcp8.5).The moderately suitable areas indicated a mixed response in mid-century with decline(under rcp4.5)and increase(under rcp8.5)and consistent increase in late *** marginally suitable areas show a decline in mid-century and increase in late-centu

关键词： Apis mellifera Apiculture Varroa destructor Honey bee diseases

Local communities' participation in decision-making processes through planning and budgeting in African countries

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2013年第1期11卷 10-16页

作者： Leonard I.Chirenje richard a.giliba Emmanuel B.Musamba Great Zimbabwe University Zimbabwe Forestry Training Institute Tanzania Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism Tanzania

Community participation and community based management are topical themes in current policy and discussion revolving around decision-making processes especially those dealing with natural resources *** review shows that while governments have accepted the need to either cede or devolve control and management of natural resources to the local communities,the communities are not part and parcel of the planning and budgeting which are crucial in *** were seen to be more involved in the implementation of natural resource management programs but lacked ownership of the *** causes lack of commitment to the programs and at times hostile reaction from the *** communities are always at the receiving end when it pertains to losses in the *** participation was shown to be effective when the local population is involved not as co-operating users but as natural resource managers or owner managers.

关键词： decision-making community participation natural resources management planning budgeting

The Role and Effectiveness of Local Institutions in the Management of Forest Biodiversity in New Dabaga-Ulongambi Forest Reserve,Iringa Region-Tanzania

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2012年第1期10卷 111-115页

作者： richard a.giliba Zacharia J.Lupala Canisius J.Kayombo Yobu M.Kiungo Patrick Mwendwa Forestry Training Institute Tanzania Kilolo District Natural Resources Office Iringa Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Kenya

This paper examines the role and effectiveness of locacal institutions in the management of forest biodiversity in New Dabaga-Ulongambi Forest Reserve, Tanzania. Data were obtained through questionnaires, interviews, focus group discussions, participatory rural appraisal and field observations. The study revealed that the most remarkable local institutions connected to forest biodiversity management include： Village Natural Resources Man- agement Committee （92%）, tree nursery group （79.4%）, beekeep- ing groups （61.1%）, fish fanning （43.3%）, livestock rearing group （33.9%）. Main activities carried out by local institutions which directly contribute to the sustainability Of forest reserve include： forest patrols, fire extinguish, preparation of fire breaks, plant- ing of trees along the forest boundaries, creation of awareness, arresting of forest defaulters, participation in income generation activities. For the purpose of realization that local communities are capable of managing forest biodiversity through their traditional institutions, the policy should provide tangible opportunity for local communities to meet their needs as they manage the forests.

关键词： local institution participatory forest management forest biodiversity

Land Use and Environmental Gradients Influence on Riparian Woody Plant Diversity and Structure in Lake Manyara Watershed Ecosystem, Tanzania

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Open Journal of Ecology 2023年第9期13卷 633-648页

作者： Almas Kashindye richard A. giliba Mathew M. Mpanda Mwemezi J. Rwiza Juma R. Selemani School of Materials Energy Water and Environmental Sciences The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST) Arusha Tanzania Forestry Training Institute (FTI) Arusha Tanzania School of Life Sciences and Bio-Engineering The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology Arusha Tanzania EU Delegation to Tanzania Dar es Salaam Tanzania

Riparian vegetations are important in supporting ecological connectivity between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. The structure and species composition of riparian woody plants have been subjected to multiple forces with varying degree of influences. This study examined the influence of land use and environmental gradient to the structure and composition of the riparian woody plants in northern Tanzania. A total of 270 plots were surveyed for woody plant species in the riparian ecosystems and later analysed to determine the influence of land use categories (homegarden, crop field, woodlot, open canopy forest, and closed canopy forest) and environmental variables (temperature, precipitation, elevation and slope) to the species richness, abundance, and stand parameters. Basal area was higher in woodlots, homegardens and crop fields than in the open and closed canopy forests;and as expected the reverse was true for the number of stocking density. Correlation among stand parameters with environmental variables varied significantly. Species richness and species abundance were negatively correlated to precipitation, temperature and elevation, while stocking density and basal area were positively correlated to precipitation. The study recommends continual retentions of trees on farm, further promoting of agroforestry interventions and sustainable utilization of woody plants in open and close canopy forests.

关键词： Water Basin Forest Disturbance Riparian Forests Rift Valley Savannah