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Ab initio molecular dynamics and materials design for embedded phase-change memory

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 256-263页

作者： Liang Sun Yu-Xing Zhou Xu-Dong Wang Yu-Han Chen Volker LDeringer riccardo Mazzarello Wei Zhang Key Laboratory of Materials Processing Engineering College of Materials Science and EngineeringXi’an Shiyou UniversityXi’anChina Center for Alloy Innovation and Design(CAID) State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina Materials Studio for Neuro-inspired Computing School of Materials Science and EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina Department of Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Institute for Theoretical Solid-State Physics JARA-FIT and JARA-HPCRWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Department of Physics Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly Department of Chemistry University of OxfordOxfordUK

The Ge_(2)Sb_(2)Te_(5)alloy has served as the core material in phase-change memories with high switching speed and persistent storage capability at room *** widely used,this composition is not suitable for embedded memories—for example,for automotive applications,which require very high working temperatures above 300℃.Ge–Sb–Te alloys with higher Ge content,most prominently Ge2Sb1Te2(‘212’),have been studied as suitable alternatives,but their atomic structures and structure–property relationships have remained widely ***,we report comprehensive first-principles simulations that give insight into those emerging materials,located on the compositional tie-line between Ge_(2)Sb_(1)Te_(2) and elemental Ge,allowing for a direct comparison with the established Ge_(2)Sb_(2)Te_(5)***-structure computations and smooth overlap of atomic positions(SOAP)similarity analyses explain the role of excess Ge content in the amorphous *** with energetic analyses,a compositional threshold is identified for the viability of a homogeneous amorphous phase(‘zero bit’),which is required for memory *** on the acquired knowledge at the atomic scale,we provide a materials design strategy for high-performance embedded phase-change memories with balanced speed and stability,as well as potentially good cycling capability.

关键词： cycling alloy phase

Liver metastases:The role of magnetic resonance imaging

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第36期29卷 5180-5197页

作者： Cesare Maino Federica Vernuccio Roberto Cannella Francesco Cortese Paolo NiccolòFranco Clara Gaetani Valentina Giannini riccardo Inchingolo Davide Ippolito Arianna Defeudis Giulia Pilato Davide Tore riccardo Faletti Marco Gatti Department of Radiology Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei TintoriMonza 20900Italy University Hospital of Padova Institute of RadiologyPadova 35128Italy Department of Biomedicine Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics(BiND)University of PalermoPalermo 90127Italy Unit of Interventional Radiology F Miulli HospitalAcquaviva delle Fonti 70021Italy Department of Surgical Sciences University of TurinTurin 10126Italy School of Medicine University of Milano BicoccaMilano 20100Italy

The liver is one of the organs most commonly involved in metastatic disease,especially due to its unique ***’s well known that liver metastases represent the most common hepatic malignant *** a practical point of view,it’s of utmost importance to evaluate the presence of liver metastases when staging oncologic patients,to select the best treatment possible,and finally to predict the overall *** the past few years,imaging techniques have gained a central role in identifying liver metastases,thanks to ultrasonography,contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CT),and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).All these techniques,especially CT and MRI,can be considered the noninvasive reference standard techniques for the assessment of liver involvement by *** the other hand,the liver can be affected by different focal lesions,sometimes benign,and sometimes *** these bases,radiologists should face the differential diagnosis between benign and secondary lesions to correctly allocate patients to the best *** the above-mentioned principles,it’s extremely important to underline and refresh the broad spectrum of liver metastases features that can occur in everyday clinical *** review aims to summarize the most common imaging features of liver metastases,with a special focus on typical and atypical appearance,by using MRI.

关键词： Liver metastases Magnetic resonance imaging Gadolinium Gd-EOB-DTPA Gadoxetate disodium Liver specific contrast agents Hepatobiliary contrast agents

Multiscale simulations of growth-dominated Sb2Te phase-change material for non-volatile photonic applications

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 928-936页

作者： Xu-Dong Wang Wen Zhou Hangming Zhang Shehzad Ahmed Tiankuo Huang riccardo Mazzarello En Ma Wei Zhang Center for Alloy Innovation and Design(CAID) State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Department of Physics Sapienza University of RomeRome 00185Italy

Chalcogenide phase-change materials(PCMs)are widely applied in electronic and photonic applications,such as non-volatile memory and neuro-inspired *** Sb2Te alloys are now gaining increasing attention for on-chip photonic applications,due to their growth-driven crystallization ***,it remains unknown whether Sb2Te also forms a metastable crystalline phase upon nanoseconds crystallization in devices,similar to the case of nucleation-driven Ge-Sb-Te ***,we carry out ab initio simulations to understand the changes in optical properties of amorphous Sb2Te upon crystallization and post *** the continuous transformation process,changes in the dielectric function are highly wavelength-dependent from the visible-light range towards the telecommunication *** finite-difference time-domain simulations based on the ab initio input reveal key differences in device output for color display and photonic memory applications upon tellurium *** work serves as an example of how multiscale simulations of materials can guide practical photonic phase-change applications.

关键词： transformation crystallization phase

The use of green infrastructure and irrigation in the mitigation of urban heat in a desert city

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Building Simulation 2024年第5期17卷 679-694页

作者： Kai Gao Shamila Haddad riccardo Paolini Jie Feng Muzahim Altheeb Abdulrahman AI Mogirah Abdullatif Bin Moammar Mattheos Santamouris School of Built Environment Faculty of ArtsDesign and ArchitectureUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia Royal Commission of Riyadh City RiyadhSaudi Arabia Institute of Future Cities Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

Severe urban heat,a prevalent climate change consequence,endangers city residents ***-based mitigation strategies are commonly employed to address this ***,the Middle East and North Africa are under investigated in terms of heat mitigation,despite being one of the regions most vulnerable to climate *** study assesses the feasibility and climatic implications of wide-scale implementation of green infrastructure(GI)for heat mitigation in Riyadh,Saudi Arabia—a representative desert city characterized by low vegetation coverage,severe summer heat,and *** research forecasting model(WRF)is used to simulate GI cooling measures in Riyadh’s summer condition,including measures of increasing vegetation coverage up to 60%,considering irrigation and vegetation types(tall/short).In Riyadh,without irrigation,increasing GI fails to cool the city and can even lead to warming(0.1 to 0.3℃).Despite irrigation,Riyadh’s overall GI cooling effect is 50% lower than GI cooling expectations based on literature meta-analyses,in terms of average peak hour temperature *** study highlights that increased irrigation substantially raises the rate of direct soil evaporation,reducing the proportion of irrigation water used for transpiration and thus diminishing ***,water resource management must be tailored to these specific considerations.

关键词： green infrastructure evapotranspiration cooling desert city irrigation urban overheating

Liver magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of response to treatment after stereotactic body radiation therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第9期14卷 1790-1803页

作者： Alessandro Serafini Valeria Ruggeri riccardo Inchingolo Marco Gatti Alessia Guarneri Cesare Maino Davide Ippolito Luigi Grazioli Umberto Ricardi riccardo Faletti Department of Surgical Sciences University of TurinTurin 10126Italy Department of Radiology University of BresciaBrescia 25123Italy Interventional Radiology Unit Miulli HospitalAcquaviva Delle Fonti 70124Italy Department of Oncology-Radiation Oncology University of TurinTurin 10126Italy Department of Diagnostic Radiology University of Milano-BicoccaMonza 20900Italy Department of Radiology Spedali CiviliUniversity of BresciaBrescia 25023Italy

BACKGROUND Although stereotactic body radiation therapy(SBRT)is increasingly used,its application has not yet been regulated by the main international guidelines,leaving the decision to multidisciplinary *** To assess magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)features of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)treated with SBRT,highlighting the efficacy of the treatment and the main aspects of the lesion before and after the *** As part of a retrospective study,49 patients who underwent SBRT for HCC between January 2013 and November 2019 were *** patient under went a pre-treatment MRI examination with a hepatospecific contrast agent and a similar followup examination within 6 mo of *** addition,22 patients underwent a second follow-up examination after the first 6 *** following characteristics were analysed:Features analysed compared to pre-treatment MRI examination,presence or absence of infield and outfield progression,ring-like enhancement,signal hyperintensity in T2-weighted sequences in the perilesional parenchyma,capsular retraction,and"band"signal hypointensity in T1-weighted gradient echo fat saturated sequences obtained during hepatobiliary *** Signal hyperintensity in the T2-weighted sequences showed a statistically significant reduction in the number of lesions at the post-SBRT first control(P=0.0006).Signal hyperintensity in diffusionweighted imaging-weighted sequences was decreased at MRI first control(P<0.0001).A statistically significant increase of apparent diffusion coefficient values from a median of 1.01 to 1.38 at the first post-control was found(P<0.0001).Capsular retraction was increased at the late evaluation(P=0.006).Band-like signal hypointensity in the hepatobiliary phase was present in 94%at the late control(P=0.006).The study of the risk of outfield progression vs infield progression revealed a hazard ratio of *** The efficacy of SBRT should be evaluated not in the first 6 mo,but at least 9 mo pos

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Stereotactic body radiation therapy Magnetic resonance imaging Histopatology Outcome Radiology

Twenty-year survival after iterative surgery for metastatic renal cell carcinoma: A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第19期8卷 4450-4465页

作者： Emilio De Raffele Mariateresa Mirarchi riccardo casade. Claudio Ricci Eugenio Brunocilla Francesco Minni Dipartimento dell'Apparato Digerente Policlinico S.Orsola-MalpighiUniversity of BolognaBologna 40138Italy Dipartimento Strutturale Chirurgico Ospedale SS Antonio e MargheritaTortona(AL)15057Italy Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche(DIMEC) Alma Mater StudiorumPoliclinico S.Orsola-MalpighiUniversity of BolognaBologna 40138Italy Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale(DIMES)Alma Mater StudiorumPoliclinico S.Orsola-MalpighiUniversity of BolognaBologna 40138Italy

BACKGROUND The therapeutic approach of metastatic renal cell carcinoma(RCC)represents a real challenge for clinicians,because of the variable clinical course;the recent availability of numerous targeted therapies that have significantly improved overall oncological results,but still with a low percentage of complete responses;and the increasing role of metastasectomy(MSX)as an effective strategy to achieve a durable cure,or at least defer initiation of systemic therapies,in selected patients and in the context of multimodality treatment ***^E SUMMARY We report here the case of a 40-year-old man who was referred to our unit in November 2004 with lung and mediastinal lymph nodes metastases identified during periodic surveillance 6 years after a radical nephrectomy for RCC;he underwent MSX of multiple lung nodules and mediastinal lymphadenectomy,with subsequent systemic therapy with Fluorouracil,Interferon-alpha and Interleukin *** subsequent clinical course was characterized by multiple sequential abdominal and thoracic recurrences,successfully treated with multiple systemic treatments,repeated local treatments,including two pancreatic resections,conservative resection and ablation of multiple bilobar liver metastases,resection and stereotactic body radiotherapy of multiple lung *** is alive without evidence of recurrence 20 years after initial nephrectomy and sequential treatment of recurrences in multiple sites,including resection of more than 38 metastases,and 5 years after his last *** This case highlights that effective multimodality therapeutic strategies,including multiple systemic treatments and iterative aggressive surgical resection,can be safely performed with long-term survival in selected patients with multiple metachronous sequential metastases from RCC.

关键词： Renal cell carcinoma Metastases Surgery Thermal ablation Radiation Case report Systemic therapy

Research on Dithianon to Evaluate Suspects of Reduced Sensitivity of <i>Venturia inaequalis</i>with Different Methodologies in Italian Apple Areas

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第3期12卷 406-416页

作者： Fiaccadori riccardo Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL) University of Bologna Bologna Italy

Dithianon is a multi-site fungicide and has never been object of suspects and reports of reduced sensitivity and activity. Italian IFP technicians had the suspect of reductions of activity by this fungicide on Venturia inaequalis. Methodologies, in vitro and in vivo were carried out to verify this suspect. Populations poorly controlled with suspects on dithianon and sensible ones were utilized. The tests in vitro permitted to evidence light and non-significant reductions of sensitivity of poorly controlled populations with respect to sensible ones. In vivo tests on seedlings were non-reliable for a general low activity of dithianon. On the contrary, the original in vivo methodology on grafted apple plants showed several reductions of activity, with moderate levels and a spot distribution in orchards. The cause was probably due to the increased treatments with dithianon caused by problems on other groups of fungicides and by a high

关键词： Venturia inaequalis Sensitivity Dithianon Apple Scab Control Reduced Control

Exocrine pancreatic function assessed by secretin cholangio-Wirsung magnetic resonance imaging

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2008年第2期7卷 192-195页

作者： Lucia Calculli Raffaele Pezzilli Marta Fiscaletti riccardo casade. Carla Brindisi Giampaolo Gavelli Departments of Radiology Digestive Diseases and Internal Medicineand General SurgerySant'Orsola-Malpighi Hospital Bologna Italy

BACKGROUND:Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreato-graphy (MRCP) is useful to assess exocrine pancreatic function by combining rapid imaging acquisition with the administration of secretin, a gastrointestinal hormone that stimulates the secretion of bile and pancreatic juice. However, extensive data on this method are lacking. This study aimed to determine whether MRCP with secretin administration is able to simultaneously detect alterations of both the pancreatic ducts and exocrine pancreatic function. METHODS:All subjects older than 18 years who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cholangio-Wirsung magnetic resonance imaging (CWMRI) for suspicion of benign or malignant pancreatic diseases from January 2006 to December 2006 were enrolled in the study. MRI and CWMRI were carried out using a dedicated apparatus. RESULTS:Eighty-seven patients (46 males, 41 females, mean age 59.7±14.6, range 27-87 years) were enrolled. Of the 87 patients, 39 had a normal pancreas on imaging, 20 had an intrapapillary mucinous tumor (IPMT), and the rest had chronic pancreatitis (7), serous cystadenoma (6), a previous attack of acute biliary pancreatitis (5), congenital ductal abnormalities (5), mucinous cystadenoma (3), previous pancreatic head resection for autoimmune pancreatitis (1), or cholangiocarcinoma (1). Morphologically, we found two pseudocysts (one of the 7 patients with chronic pancreatitis, and one of the 5 patients after an attack of acute pancreatitis;the latter pseudocyst communicated with the main pancreatic duct). Calcifications were found in 3 of the 7 patients with chronic pancreatitis. All patients with IPMT and mucinous cystadenoma and 3 patients with serous cystadenoma were histologically confirmed. The remaining patients were followed up adequately to confirm the diagnosis by imaging. According to the Matos criteria, 73 patients (83.9%) were of grade 3, 8 grade 2, 4 grade 1, and 2 grade 0. The only pancreatic diseases which impaired the exocrine pancreati

关键词： chronic pancreatitis magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography pancreatic neoplasms pancreatic insufficiency

Role of robotic-assisted pancreatic surgery:lessons learned from our initial experience

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2017年第6期16卷 652-658页

作者： Emilio Vicente Yolanda Quijano Benedetto Ielpo Hipolito Duran Eduardo Diaz Isabel Fabra Luis Malave riccardo Caruso General Surgery Department Sanchinarro University Hospital San Pablo University CEU Madrid Spain

BACKGROUND:Minimally invasive surgery has achieved worldwide acceptance in various fields, however, pancreatic surgery remains one of the most challenging abdominal procedures. In fact, the indication for robotic surgery in pancreatic disease has been controversial. The present study aimed to assess the safety and feasibility of robotic pancreatic ***:We retrospectively reviewed our experience of robotic pancreatic resection done in Sanchinarro University Hospital. Clinicopathologic characteristics, and perioperative and postoperative outcomes were recorded and ***:From October 2010 to April 2016, 50 patients underwent robotic-assisted surgery for different pancreatic pathologies. All procedures were performed using the da Vinci robotic system. Of the 50 patients, 26 were male and 24 female. The average age of all patients was 62 years. Operative time was 370 minutes. Among the procedures performed were 16 pancreaticoduodenectomies(PD), 23 distal pancreatectomies(DP), 11 tumor enucleations(TE). The mean hospital stay was 17.6 days in PD group, 9.0 days in DP group and 8.4 days in TE group. Pancreatic fistula occurred in 10 cases(20%), 2 after PD, 3 after DP, and 5 after TE. Four patients had postoperative transfusion in PD group and one in DP group. Conversion to open laparotomy occurred in four patients(8%). No serious intraoperative complications were observed. CONCLUSIONS:From our early experience, robotic pancreatic surgery is a safe and feasible procedure. Further experience and follow-up are required to confirm the role of robotic approach in pancreatic surgery.

关键词： robotic surgery pancreatic cancer minimal invasive surgery