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Determination of Residual Stresses Numerically Obtained in ASTM AH36 Steel Welded by TIG Process

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2013年第4期4卷 268-274页

作者： Pablo Batista Guimaraes Paulo Marcelo Almeida Pedrosa Yogendra Prasad Yadava José Maria andrade Barbosa Aníbal Veras Siqueira Filho ricardo Artur Sanguinetti Ferreira Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Departamento de Engenharia Mecanica Cidade UniversitáriaRecife-PEBrazil

Residual stresses have been numerically determined in welded joints. In this study, the numerical model is based on the coupling of different physical phenomena considering the thermal, mechanical and metallurgical nature of a welding process. The ABAQUS software program was used to perform the numerical simulations, based on the finite element method (FEM). The aspects related to the mathematical modeling of complex welding procedures were pondered with the FEM: variations in the physical and mechanical properties of the materials as a function of the temperature;the transience and the speed of the welding process, the material phase transformations;the different mechanisms of heat exchange with the environment (convection and radiation);all them associated with a high level of nonlinearity. The heat source used in this analytical model for heat supply was the double ellipsoid model proposed by Goldak, in which a 60 mm × 50 mm and 3 mm rectangular ASTM AH36 steel plate was used for the TIG process simulations. Throughout this work, the optimization of the welding procedures currently practiced in petrochemical and ship building industries can be applied to reduce the levels of residual stresses.

关键词： Finite Element Method TIG Welding Temperature Field Residual Stresses

Effects of aquatic exercise on depression and anxiety in ischemic stroke subjects

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Health 2013年第2期5卷 222-228页

作者： Felipe J.Aidar Nuno D.Garrido Antonio J.Silva Victor M.reis Daniel A.Marinho ricardo Jaco de Oliveira 5^(th) Military State Fireman UberlândiaBrazil University of Tras-os-Montes and Alto Douro—UTAD/CIDESD Vila RealPortugal University of Beira Interior—UBI/CIDESD CovilhaPortugal University of Brasilia—UnB BrasiliaBrazil

Background: Stroke ranks third and is the leading cause of permanent disability in western countries. Furthermore there are no treatments for the psychosocial effects of this pathology. Purpose: Analyse the effect of an aquatic exercise program in depression and trace and state anxiety in subjects who suffered an ischemic stroke. Methods: Two groups were analyzed: experimental group (EG) n = 15, 50.3 ± 9.1 years;control group (CG) n = 13, 52.5 ± 7.7 years. EG underwent a 12-week aquatic exercise program. Both groups were evaluated in pre and post- treatment using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Trace State Anxiety Inventory (IDATE). Wilcoxon signed-rank and Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare moments and groups, respec- tively. Results: The BDI scores of aquatic activities were: pre-treatment, 17.4 ± 7.7 and 16.9 ± 8.6 for the EG and CG, respectively;post-treat- ment, 13.2 + 7.1 and 16.4 + 7.9 for the EG and CG, respectively. The IDATE scores for anxiety trace in strength training were: pre-treatment, 43.2 + 12.5 and 42.9 + 12.2 for the EG and CG, respec- tively;post-treatment, 39.7 + 7.1 and 42.6 + 12.1 for the EG and CG, respectively. The IDATE scores for anxiety state in strength training were: pre-treatment, 46.9 + 7.6 and 47.4 + 8.1 for the EG and CG, respectively;post-treatment, 44.4 + 7.9 and 47.5 + 8.0 for the EG and CG, respectively. Significant differences were found in pre and post-treatment values in the EG and between groups in the depression and trace and state anxiety levels in post-treatment (p Conclusions: Aquatic physical activity contributes to an improvement of the levels of depression and anxiety in people who suffered a stroke.

关键词： Aquatic Physical Activity Beck Depression Inventory Cardiovascular Disease Cerebrovascular Accident Ischemic Stroke Trace State Anxiety Inventory

Antifungal Activity of Oleoresin and Fractions of Pinus elliottii Engelm and Pinus tropicalis against Phytopathogens

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第26期5卷 3898-3903页

作者： Gessica andrade Fariza Abrao Patrick Silva Sergio ricardo Ambrosio Rodrigo Cassio Sola Veneziani Wilson Roberto Cunha Regina Helena Pires Carlos Henrique G.Martins Laboratory of Research in Applied Microbiology University of FrancaFrancaBrazil Research Group on Natural Products University of FrancaFrancaBrazil

Microorganism resistance to the existing products is yet another difficulty that agriculturalists have to deal with. In this context, the search for new agricultural products that can fight phytopathogens has become increasingly important. Plants have played an important role in this process, because they can serve as a source of new compounds for drug discovery. Plants belonging to the genus Pinus produce an oleoresin that protects the plant against herbivores and pathogens. With a view to developing products that can combat fungal pathogens without harming the environment, this work aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of the oleoresins and fractions of Pinus elliottii Engelm and Pinus tropicalis against phytopathogens. The methodology based on NCCLS M38-A standards aided antifungal activity assessment. The microdilution method helped to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC). The oleoresins of P. elliottii and P. tropicalis afforded the most significant results—they displayed fungicidal activity against all the tested species. MIC values were promising, especially the MIC of the oleoresin of P. elliottii against S. rolfsii (1.95 μg·mL-1). The MIC values of the oleoresins of P. elliottii and P. tropicalis ranged from 1.95 to 1000 μg·mL-1 and from 31.25 to 250 μg·mL-1, respectively. Fraction PT2 of P. tropicalis furnished the best results among all the assayed fractions: MIC values lay between 125 and 500 μg·mL-11. In conclusion, the oleoresin of P. tropicalis is a promising source of new antifungal agents for application in the treatment of phytopathogenic infections.

关键词： Pinus elliottii Pinus tropicalis Phytopathogens Antifungal Activity Oleoresin

Prevalence of Low Levels of Vitamin D in Type 2 Diabetes at the City of Mangueirinha, Paraná, Southern Brazil

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2016年第1期6卷 8-12页

作者： Paulo Sérgio Chiamolera Cristiano Alvariza Amaral Monica Cristina de Oliveira Russo Gilberto de Oliveira Netto ricardo Augusto Fernandes ricardo Teles de andrade José Luiz Gonçalves Buscariolli Denise Rosso Tenório Wanderley Rocha Alberto Krayyem Arbex Division of Endocrinology IPEMED Medical School Sao Paulo Brazil Visiting Scholar Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health Harvard University Boston USA

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a worldwide epidemic. In 2002 there were 173 million diabetic adults worldwide, and these numbers are expected to reach up to 300 million people by 2030. Meanwhile, vitamin D deficiency has its worldwide prevalence directly influenced by factors as solar radiation, skin color, latitude and seasons, cultural habits of populations such as clothing and food, and these factors are important to explain the different prevalences of vitamin D deficiency in the world. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional cohort study was conducted with patients in the outpatient clinic of the Health Unit of the city of Mangueirinha, Paraná, Southern Brazil. Fifty-four type 2 diabetic patients were evaluated (38 women and 16 men), aged 55.8 ± 12.6 years. The following variables were evaluated: age, ethnicity, presence of type 2 diabetes (DM2), hypertension, dyslipidemia, weight, BMI, WC, blood pressure, blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, ionized calcium, PTH, 25-OH Vit, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, urea, creatinine, uric acid and red cell/hematocrit. Results: mean BMI was 30.2 ± 4.4 kg/m2, indicating class 1 obesity in this population. Fasting glucose levels were approximately 169.8 ± 74.5 mg/dL. The 25-OH vitamin D values for this population were 23.4 ± 8.3 ng/mL, and 13% of them showed 25-OH vitamin D levels above 30 mg/dL. Fifty percent of those patients had vitamin D levels lower than 30 mg/dL, and 37% had less than 20 mg/dL. Conclusions: this study suggests that vitamin D is associated with low levels of vitamin D in type 2 diabetic patients. Supplementation of vitamin D should be considered in diabetic patients, when levels under 30 mg/mL are found.

关键词： 25 OH Vitamin D Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Cardiovascular Risk

Bee venom acupuncture reduces neuroinflammation modulating microglia/macrophage phenotype polarization in spinal cord injury compression model

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Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation 2019年第11期6卷 1-13页

作者： Raquel do Nascimento de Souza Júlia Miccolis Azevedo Lopes Lívia da Rocha Natalino Monteiro Raiana andrade Quintanilha Barbosa Gabriela Hollmann Silvana Allodi Luis Carlos reis MagdaAlves de Medeiros Department of Physiological Sciences Institute of Biology and Health SciencesFederal Rural University of Rio de JaneiroSeropedica 23897-000RJBrazil Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro 21941-902RJBrazil.

Aim: The present study aimed to examine whether apipuncture (stimulation of acupuncture points with bee venom)at ST36 and GV3 acupoints promotes neuroprotection and reduces neuroinflammation by modulating M1 and M2 phenotype ***: Wistar rats were treated with bee venom (BV) (0.08 mg/kg) injection at acupoints ST36 and GV3 [BV (ST36 + GV3)-spinal cord injury (SCI)] or BV injection at non-acupoints [BV (NP)-SCI] or no treatment (CTL-SCI)after SCI by compression. The spinal cord mRNA expression of iNOS, Arg-1 and TGF-β was measured by real time PCR and the levels of IBA-1;BCL-2;NeuN e CNPase was measured by western blotting. Locomotor performance was measured by Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) and grid-walking ***: Apipuncture treatment was able to (1) ameliorate locomotor performance;(2) reduce inflammatory markers (Cox-2 levels) and activation of microglia and macrophages;(3) reduce the polarization of the M1 phenotype marker (iNOS) and increase M2 (Arg-1 and TGF-β) phenotypic markers;(4) promote neuroprotection by reducing the death of neurons and oligodendrocytes;and (5) increase the expression of the anti-apoptotic factor ***: Apipuncture treatment induces locomotor recovery and neuroprotection after the compression model of spinal cord injury. Further, it reduces neuroinflammation by decreasing M1 polarization and increasing M2 phenotype.

关键词： Acupuncture bee venom spinal cord injury compression microglia macrophage neuroinflammation

SCS123 Pérola: A Brazilian Rice Variety for Risotto

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Agricultural Sciences 2018年第12期9卷 1589-1600页

作者： Ester Wickert Adriana Pereira Alexander de andrade Fabiana Schmidt Klaus Konrad Scheuermann Rubens Marschalek José Alberto Noldin Gabriela Neves Martins Eduardo Hickel Marcos Lima Campos do Vale Laerte reis Terres Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Company of Santa Catarina (EPAGRI) Itajaí Experimental Station Itajaí Brazil

Specialty rices can present differences in some aspects related to grain pericarp color, shape, size, amylose content or aroma. Most of these rice types are related to cultural traditions and ceremonies, and some of them have also different nutritional value. As a specific market, the economic values of these grains are also higher than common milled rice. Santa Catarina State has the ideal conditions to produce specialty rices. The objective of this work was to develop a rice cultivar with special attributes for the well-appreciated risotto. Two rice lines were combined, evaluated and selected during ten years for characteristics related to Italian food. One line was selected and becomes the new rice variety SCS123 Pérola, developed to attend the economically important specialty rices market of Italian food, specifically the risotto. Experimental tests performed with this variety showed that it can be recommended to all rice-producing regions of Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Cooking tests showed that the grains are appropriated for risotto.

关键词： Agriculture Rice Production Oryza sativa Rice Breeding Specialty Rices

COVID-19:It's still time for health professionals,physical activity enthusiasts and sportive leagues not to let guard down

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2021年第1期3卷 49-53页

作者： Rodrigo L.Vancini Marília S.andrade Pantelis T.Nikolaidis Beat Knechtle Thomas Rosemann ricardo B.Viana Claudio A.B.de Lira Centro de Educaçao Física e Desportos(CEFD) Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo(UFES)Espírito Santo(ES)Brazil Departamento de Fisiologia Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo(UNIFESP)Sao Paulo(SP)Brazil Exercise Physiology Laboratory NikaiaGreece Medbase St.Gallen Am Vadianplatz St.Gallen and Institute of Primary CareUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland Institute of Primary Care University of ZurichSwitzerland Setor de Fisiologia Humana e do Exercício Faculdade de Educaçao Física e DançaUniversidade Federal de Goias(UFG)GoianiaGois(GO)Brazil Setor de Fisiologia Humana e do Exercício Faculdade de Educaçao Física e DançaUniversidade Federal de Goias(UFG)Goi^aniaGoias(GO)Brazil

Emerging viral diseases represent a serious issue to public and global healthcare systems and have a high potential for disease dissemination in sport/physical activity and exercise *** Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has frightened the sports and physical activity community and enthusiasts for potential trans-mission,dissemination,and lethality in vulnerable populations;those with chronic diseases,co-morbidities,the elderly people,and in young and healthy *** pandemic has caused a chain reaction with cancellations of sports competitions and gymnasiums closing around the ***,some sporting events are gradually resuming in certain regions of the world and also the return of competitions and *** general,without fans and public,the sports media can only report the infection of athletes and coaching staff ***,this situation is dynamic-the world is currently experiencing the second wave of the disease;with the safety and containment measures for the disease is changing *** purpose of this article is to present information concerning the COVID-19 pandemic,to clarify health issues for professionals and people connected to sport and physical activity venues,presenting information to assist in educations and the health promotion and *** time is now for making changes,reviewing the actions and conducts necessary for prevention,and most importantly not letting our guard down,even as vaccines become available for all people in the *** that even after getting vaccinated,it is necessary to continue with safety measures,for example,the use of facial masks and social distance and hygiene,that is,washing your hands frequently and/or sanitizing with 70%*** can't let our guard down for COVID-19.

关键词： Viral disease Covid-19 Coronavirus Sport Physical activity

Failure in Fuel Injector Nozzles Used in Diesel Engines

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2015年第4期5卷 237-240页

作者： Jose Costa de Macedo Neto Marina Anunciacao Brito de Oliveira Eduardo Rafael Barreda del Campo ricardo Wilson Aguiar Da Cruz Nayra reis do Nascimento Joao Evangelista Neto Department of Materials Engineering School of Engineering Amazonas State University Manaus 69065-020 Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering School of Engineering Amazonas State University Manaus 69065-020 Brazil Department of Materials Engineering and Bioprocess Faculty of Chemical Engineering University of Campinas Sao Paulo13083-852 Brazil Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Technology University Federal of Amazonas Manaus 69077-000 Brazil

This paper aims to conduct a study of the problems associated with the wear of the needles and fuel injection nozzles utilized in diesel engines. The wear found on the needles is mainly associated to impurities in the fuel oil and microcavitation occurred due to high pressure in the phase of the air compression for combustion of the combustible fluid. These pressures associated with the temperature and the fluid velocity results in the occurrence of vaporization, which releases shock waves that cause damage to the affected surface. The impurities solid particles from the fuel oil cause problems inside the nozzles as obstruction of the holes and wear on the needle tip and nozzle seat surface. These failures affect in the atomization of the fuel, since the deterioration of the internal passages of the nozzles interferes in the spray formation and in the end passage of the fluid. For the execution of this study it will be used digital microscopic analysis in specimens that suffered damage, in order to investigate the effects of fuel property, and the temperature conditions and pressure in the formation of the wear on the needles and injector nozzle.

关键词： Fuel injector nozzle injector needles wear.

Above-Optimum Temperature-Induced Differential Photosynthetic and Roots Morphometric Responses in Two Contrasting Rice Genotypes

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2017年第5期7卷 309-319页

作者： Diogo da Silva Moural Italo Lucas de Moraes Rodrigo da Silva Armestol Rafael Silva da Silva Femanda Reolon Junior Borela Paulo ricardo reis Fagundes Giovani Greigh de Brito Sidnei Deuner Institute of Biology Department of Botany Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) Capao do Leao 96010-900 RS Brazil EMBRAPA Temperate Climate Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation Pelotas 96010-971 RS Brazil

Temperature thresholds during the rice （Oryza sativa L.） cycle development have been reported to affect plant metabolism Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of the above-optimal temperature on photosynthetic and morphometric parameters in two contrasting irrigated rice genotypes （BRS Quer^ncia--sensitive and Nagina 22 （N22）~tolerant）. Plants of both genotypes were grown in rhizotrons and always maintained under two temperature conditions： Out--under environmental temperature conditions, and In--rhizotrons inside a plastic structure, which increased the temperature about 3 ~C to 5 ~C above the external one. In the genotype N22, there was an increase （twofold higher） in CO2 assimilation in plants cultivated under elevated temperature （In）. In BRS Quer^ncia, the stomatal conductance （gs） and transpiration rate （E） decreased upon high temperature. The rise in the temperature also negatively impacted in the modulated fluorescence parameters in both genotypes. Increases in root dry weight （RDW） and shoot dry weight （SDW） were also observed in the genotype N22 when compared to BRS Quer^ncia upon temperature rise. In general, the N22 genotype showed greater response to the above-optimal temperature due to its intrinsic thermotolerance traits over BRS Quer^ncia. Thus, N22 appeared as a potential donor of heat tolerance genes aiming to obtain new cultivar to face current global wanning.

关键词： Oryza sativa L. heat thermotolerance photosynthesis root system.