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Deep learning tomographic reconstruction through hierarchical decomposition of domain transforms

Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2022年第1期5卷 365-377页

作者： Lin Fu bruno De Man GE Research NY 12309 NiskayunaUSA

Deep learning(DL)has shown unprecedented performance for many image analysis and image enhancement ***,solving large-scale inverse problems like tomographic reconstruction remains challenging for *** problems involve non-local and space-variant integral transforms between the input and output domains,for which no efficient neural network models are readily available.A prior attempt to solve tomographic reconstruction problems with supervised learning relied on a brute-force fully connected network and only allowed reconstruction with a 128^(4)system matrix *** cannot practically scale to realistic data sizes such as 512^(4)and 512^(6)for three-dimensional *** we present a novel framework to solve such problems with DL by casting the original problem as a continuum of intermediate representations between the input and output *** original problem is broken down into a sequence of simpler transformations that can be well mapped onto an efficient hierarchical network architecture,with exponentially fewer parameters than a fully connected network would *** applied the approach to computed tomography(CT)image reconstruction for a 5124 system matrix *** work introduces a new kind of data-driven DL solver for full-size CT reconstruction without relying on the structure of direct(analytical)or iterative(numerical)inversion *** work presents a feasibility demonstration of full-scale learnt reconstruction,whereas more developments will be needed to demonstrate superiority relative to traditional reconstruction *** proposed approach is also extendable to other imaging problems such as emission and magnetic resonance *** broadly,hierarchical DL opens the door to a new class of solvers for general inverse problems,which could potentially lead to improved signal-to-noise ratio,spatial resolution and computational efficiency in various areas.

关键词： Computed tomography Image reconstruction Deep learning Hierarchical

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Sustainable intensification of African agriculture:a necessity,but not yet a reality

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第4期7卷 383-389页

作者： bruno GÉRARD International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) Texcoco 56237Mexico

After decades of well-intentioned and professional research for development,agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa is still dominated by low-input,subsistence food crop production on small,rainfed land holdings using hand *** are the drivers and constraints to development in African agriculture,and how can the region intensify farming in economical and environmentally sustainable ways to satisfy its rapidly rising and shifting food demands?

关键词： Sustainable agriculture shifting

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Scintrex CG5 used for superconducting gravimeter calibration

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2018年第3期9卷 197-203页

作者： bruno Meurers Department of Meteorology and Geophysics University of Vienna

The scale factor accuracy of superconducting gravimeters （SG） can be largely improved by a high repetition rate of calibration experiments. At stations where the availability of absolute gravimeters is limited, carefully calibrated spring gravimeters can be used for providing the reference signal assuming the irregular drift is properly adjusted. The temporal stability of the SG scale factor is assessable by comparing the temporal variations of M2 tidal parameters observed at neighboring SG sites or from synthetic tide models. Combining these methods reduces the SG scale factor error to a few 0.1%0. The paper addresses the particular procedure required for evaluating the calibration experiments based on spring gravimeters and presents results obtained at Conrad observatory （Austria）. Comparing the M2 amplitude factor modulation helped to reveal a SG scale factor offset of about 0.2%0 due to re-installation.

关键词： Superconducting gravimeter CG-5 Scintrex gravimeterScale factor Calibration accuracy M2 tidal parameter variation

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Approximation Properties of Vectorial Exponential Functions

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第3期6卷 1801-1831页

作者： Christophe Buet bruno Despres Guillaume Morel CEA DAMDIF91297 ArpajonFrance Laboratoire en Informatique Haute Performance Pour le Calcul et la Simulation CEAUniversitéParis-Saclay91680 Bruyeres-le-ChatelFrance Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions UMR 7598Sorbonne Universite75005 ParisFrance IMT Atlantique 29238 BrestFrance

This contribution is dedicated to the celebration of Rémi Abgrall’s accomplishments in Applied Mathematics and Scientific Computing during the conference“Essentially Hyperbolic Problems:Unconventional Numerics,and Applications”.With respect to classical Finite Elements Methods,Trefftz methods are unconventional methods because of the way the basis functions are *** discontinuous Galerkin(TDG)methods have recently shown potential for numerical approximation of transport equations[6,26]with vectorial exponential *** paper focuses on a proof of the approximation properties of these exponential *** show that vectorial exponential functions can achieve high order *** fundamental part of the proof consists in proving that a certain rectangular matrix has maximal rank.

关键词： Trefftz method Transport equation Vectorial exponential functions

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Symmetrization for Fractional Elliptic and Parabolic Equations and an Isoperimetric Application(Dedicated to Haim Brezis,great master of analysis,on his 70th birthday)

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2017年第2期38卷 661-686页

作者： Yannick SIRE Juan Luis VAZQUEZ bruno VOLZONE johns hopkins university Krieger Hall3401 N.Charles StBaltimoreM D21218USA. departamento de matemticas universidad autnoma de madrid28049 M adridSpain dipartimento di ingegneria universit degli studi di napoli"parthenope"80143 Italia.

This paper develops further the theory of symmetrization of fractional Laplacian operators contained in recent works of two of the authors. This theory leads to optimal estimates in the form of concentration comparison inequalities for both elliptic and parabolic equations. The authors extend the theory for the so-called restricted fractional Laplacian defined on a bounded domain Ω of R^N with zero Dirichlet conditions outside of Ω. As an application, an original proof of the corresponding fractional Faber-Krahn inequality is derived. A more classical variational proof of the inequality is also provided.

关键词： Symmetrization, Fractional Laplacian, Nonlocal elliptic and parabolicequations, Faber-Krahn inequality

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International financialisation,developing countries and the contradictions of privatised Keynesianism

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Economic and Political Studies 2017年第1期5卷 21-40页

作者： bruno Bonizzi Department of Politics and Society University of WinchesterWinchesterUK

This paper contributes to the understanding of the impact of international financialisation on developing *** is generally understood that developing economies are part of the global financialisation process,as exporters of goods to‘debt-led’economies and as recipient of foreign capital *** paper argues that a key process connecting these two aspects has been‘privatised Keynesianism’,the policy regime that sustained financialisation in advanced economies by promoting low interest rates and asset appreciation.A consequence of this regime is to induce pressure on global financial institutions to look for returns and profits in the developing *** a mechanism represents a fundamental connection between the developing countries and financialisation at the global level,beside the spread of financial *** the post-crisis environment,this connection remains strong and has become even more dangerous for developing countries.

关键词： Financialisation privatised Keynesianism financial crisis developing countries

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Test-retest reliability of the 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test:A systematic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第4期10卷 413-418页

作者： Jozo Grgic bruno Lazinica Zeljko Pedisic Institute for Health and Sport(IHES) Victoria UniversityMelbourneVIC 3011Australia Faculty of Education Department of KinesiologyJ.J.Strossmayer UniversityOsijek 31000Croatia

Purpose:This review aimed to synthesize previous findings on the test-retest reliability of the 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test(IFT).Methods:The literature searches were performed in 8 *** that examined the test-retest reliability of the 30-15 IFT and presented the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC) and/or the coefficient of variation(CV) for maximal velocity and/or peak heart rate were *** consensus-based standards for the selection of health measurement instruments(COSMIN) checklist was used for the assessment of the methodological quality of the included ***:Seven studies,with a total of 10 study groups,explored reliability of maximal velocity assessed by the 30-15 *** ranged from0.80 to 0.99,where 70% of ICCs were≥*** for maximal velocity ranged from 1.5% to 6.0%.Six studies,with a total of 7 study groups,explored reliability of peak heart rate as assessed by the 30-15 *** ranged from 0.90 to 0.97(i.e.,all ICCs were≥0.90).CVs ranged from 0.6% to 4.8%.All included studies were of excellent methodological ***:From the results of this systematic review,it can be concluded that the 30-15 IFT has excellent test-retest reliability for both maximal velocity and peak heart *** test may,therefore,be used as a reliable measure of fitness in research and sports practice.

关键词： Data synthesis Intermittent exercise Repeatability Reproducibility

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EFFECTS OF RIVER NETWORK WORKS AND SOIL CONSERVATION MEASURES ON RESERVOIR SILTATION

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2007年第4期22卷 273-281页

作者： bruno MOLINO Rosa VIPARELLI Annamaria DE VINCENZO Prof. Department of Environmental Physics and Engineering University of Basilicata 85100 Potenza Italy

Knowledge of the morphological dynamics of a water course is essential for management of reservoir siltation. With an example of sedimentation in a reservoir in Basilicata, Italy, this paper demonstrates the effect on reservoir siltation of the hydraulic works, which are aimed to reduce sediment transport along the fluvial network and to prevent part of the sediment discharge from reaching the lake. The effect depends on the river type and on the the geological features of river basin slopes. The paper also shows how mass erosion can significantly contribute to development of reservoir siltation. Finally, preliminary results are provided about the time needed for river training works to be effective.

关键词： Water resources management River hydraulic works Soil erosion Landslide Reservoir siltation

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Rates of generation and growth of the continental crust

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第1期10卷 165-173页

作者： Chris Hawkesworth Peter A.Cawood bruno Dhuime School of Earth Sciences University of Bristol School of Earth Atmosphere and Environment Monash University CNRS-UMR 5243 Géosciences Montpellier Université de Montpellier

Models for when and how the continental crust was formed are constrained by estimates in the rates o crustal growth. The record of events preserved in the continental crust is heterogeneous in time with distinctive peaks and troughs of ages for igneous crystallisation, metamorphism, continental margin and mineralisation. For the most part these are global signatures, and the peaks of ages tend to b associated with periods of increased reworking of pre-existing crust, reflected in the Hf isotope ratios o zircons and their elevated oxygen isotope ratios. Increased crustal reworking is attributed to periods o crustal thickening associated with compressional tectonics and the development of supercontinents Magma types similar to those from recent within-plate and subduction related settings appear to hav been generated in different areas at broadly similar times before ~3.0 Ga. It can be difficult to put th results of such detailed case studies into a more global context, but one approach is to consider when plate tectonics became the dominant mechanism involved in the generation of juvenile continental crust The development of crustal growth models for the continental crust are discussed, and a number o models based on different data sets indicate that 65%-70% of the present volume of the continental crus was generated by 3 Ga. Such estimates may represent minimum values, but since ~3 Ga there has been reduction in the rates of growth of the continental crust. This reduction is linked to an increase in th rates at which continental crust is recycled back into the mantle, and not to a reduction in the rates a which continental crust was generated. Plate tectonics results in both the generation of new crust and it destruction along destructive plate margins. Thus, the reduction in the rate of continental crustal growth at ~3 Ga is taken to reflect the period in which plate tectonics became the dominant mechanism b which new continental crust was generated.

关键词： Continental crust growth curves Rates of crustal growth Tectonics

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Learning to combine multiple string similarity metrics for effective toponym matching

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2018年第9期11卷 913-938页

作者： Rui Santos Patricia Murrieta-Flores bruno Martins Instituto Superior Técnico and INESC-ID University of LisbonLisbonPortugal Digital Humanities Research Center University of ChesterChesterUK

Several tasks related to geographical information retrieval and to the geographical information sciences involve toponym matching,that is,the problem of matching place names that share a common *** this article,we present the results of a wide-ranging evaluation on the performance of different string similarity metrics over the toponym matching *** also report on experiments involving the usage of supervised machine learning for combining multiple similarity metrics,which has the natural advantage of avoiding the manual tuning of similarity *** with a very large dataset show that the performance differences for the individual similarity metrics are relatively small,and that carefully tuning the similarity threshold is important for achieving good *** methods based on supervised machine learning,particularly when considering ensembles of decision trees,can achieve good results on this task,significantly outperforming the individual similarity metrics.

关键词： Toponym matching supervised learning string similarity metrics duplicate detection ensemble learning geographic information retrieval

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