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Development and prospects of molten steel deoxidation in steelmaking process

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第1期31卷 18-32页

作者： Zhongliang Wang Yanping bao State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

In the long traditional process of steelmaking,excess oxygen is blown into the converter,and alloying elements are used for *** inevitably results in excessive deoxidation of products remaining within the steel liquid,affecting the cleanliness of the *** the increasing requirements for steel performance,reducing the oxygen content in the steel liquid and ensuring its high cleanliness is *** more than a hundred years of development,the total oxygen content in steel has been reduced from approximately 100×10^(-6)to approximately 10×10^(-6),and it can be controlled below 5×10^(-6)in some steel grades.A relatively stable and mature deoxidation technology has been formed,but further reducing the oxygen content in steel is no longer significant for improving steel *** research team developed a deoxidation technology for bearing steel by optimizing the entire conventional *** technology combines silicon–manganese predeoxidation,ladle furnace diffusion deoxidation,and vacuum final *** successfully conducted industrial experiments and produced interstitial-free steel with natural decarbonization ***-aluminum deoxidation was found to control the oxygen content in bearing steel to between 4×10^(-6) and 8×10^(-6),altering the type of inclusions,eliminating large particle Ds-type inclusions,improving the flowability of the steel liquid,and deriving a higher fatigue *** natural decarbonization predeoxidation of interstitial-free steel reduced aluminum consumption and production costs and significantly improved the quality of cast billets.

关键词： steel deoxidation deoxidizer metallurgical equipment bearing steel IF steel

太赫兹时域光谱技术在识别鉴定菌制剂中的初探（英文）

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红外与激光工程 2016年第7期45卷 81-87页

作者：王芳仇大剑夏红岩宝日玛任慧油气光学探测技术北京市重点实验室北京102249 全国石油与化工行业油气太赫兹波谱与光电检测重点实验室北京102249 中国石油大学(北京)光传感与光探测实验室北京102249 内蒙古草原工作站内蒙古呼和浩特010020

使用太赫兹时域光谱技术对生物饲料添加剂中的地衣芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、凝结芽孢杆菌三种益生菌进行了室温、充氮环境下太赫兹时域光谱测试。得到了样品在0.2~1.6 THz波段的太赫兹吸收光谱和折射率谱。实验结果表明,随着频率增加三... 详细信息

使用太赫兹时域光谱技术对生物饲料添加剂中的地衣芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、凝结芽孢杆菌三种益生菌进行了室温、充氮环境下太赫兹时域光谱测试。得到了样品在0.2~1.6 THz波段的太赫兹吸收光谱和折射率谱。实验结果表明,随着频率增加三种益生菌的THz波段的吸收系数是增加的,并且有不同的吸收趋势及明显的特征吸收峰,这意味着三种样品的分子及官能团的构成和存在状态是不同的。三种样品明显不同的平均折射率(分别是1.71,1.67,1.64)说明太赫兹光通过样品时所产生的色散和吸收是不同的,这更有力地揭示三种样品的确具有不同的生物成分组成和结构。为了更好地比较和说明太赫兹波识别鉴定益生菌的优势,还进行了同条件下的红外测试。通过对比发现菌制剂在太赫兹波段比在中红外波段更具有吸收活性,更能体现其结构差别,是红外光谱测试的有效辅助手段,同时,文中还依据益生菌的生物结构特征首次给出了机理上的解释和探讨。这项研究表明太赫兹时域光谱技术能够填补益生菌检测手段的匮乏,为益生菌的检测乃至为其它生物饲料添加剂检测提供了一种行之有效的方法。

关键词：太赫兹时域光谱益生菌制剂红外光谱傅里叶变换

Quantitative estimation of global mean precipitation throughout the Phanerozoic era

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1616-1624页

作者： Xiujuan bao Yongyun HU Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmospheric Studies Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Quantitatively estimating the global mean precipitation(GMP)throughout Earth's history is crucial for enhancing our understanding of long-term climate evolution and the hydrological ***,currently there is no established methodology for estimating global mean ***,we present the first study that estimates GMP in the Phanerozoic *** relationship between GMP and global mean surface temperature(GMST)is investigated by analyzing data from 23 models in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6(CMIP6).The result reveals consistent and significant impact of temperature on precipitation,with a sensitivity range of 2–3%K^(-1).Additionally,we propose a method for accessing latitudinal variations in precipitation caused by land area distributions and paleo-Koppen climatic *** climatic belts are determined based on geological indicators such as coals,evaporites,and glacial *** GMP is thus quantitatively estimated by combining variations in GMST,land area distributions,and paleo-koppen climatic belts,spanning from 540 Ma to the present *** quantitative GMP curve demonstrates fluctuations in GMP about 500 mm yr^(-1),with values ranging from 948 to1442 mm yr-1over the Phanerozoic *** curve aligns closely with findings derived from numerical *** presented paleoprecipitation variations facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of the interconnected geological and paleoclimatic developments.

关键词： Paleoprecipitation Paleoclimate K?ppen climatic belts Global mean precipitation Hydrological cycle

烷基化汽油中烃类物质含量的太赫兹时域光谱研究

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红外与激光工程 2015年第6期44卷 1823-1826页

作者：宝日玛董晨蓝兴英冯程静孟倩赵昆中国石油大学(北京)重质油国家重点实验室北京102249 中国石油大学(北京)油气光学探测技术北京市重点实验室北京102249 全国石油和化工行业联合会油气太赫兹波谱与光电检测重点实验室北京100723

应用太赫兹时域光谱技术研究了烷基化汽油中烯烃在太赫兹波段的性质。以烷基化汽油中的2,4,4-三甲基戊烯为例,分析了其不同浓度在太赫兹波段产生的光谱响应。结果表明,对于烯烃含量不同的烷基化汽油,其信号中的峰强具有明显不同,并随着... 详细信息

应用太赫兹时域光谱技术研究了烷基化汽油中烯烃在太赫兹波段的性质。以烷基化汽油中的2,4,4-三甲基戊烯为例,分析了其不同浓度在太赫兹波段产生的光谱响应。结果表明,对于烯烃含量不同的烷基化汽油,其信号中的峰强具有明显不同,并随着浓度的变化呈线性变化。利用时域谱最大值和最小值之和拟合而成的预测曲线对两种未知浓度样品进行预测,其误差均小于0.5%。同时对其不同频率下的吸收系数进行拟合与分析。根据太赫兹光谱最原始的幅值信息及其吸收系数可对其中烯烃含量进行快速定性,甚至是定量分析,为烷基化汽油中烃含量和品质的定量检测作基础。

关键词：太赫兹时域光谱烷基化汽油烯烃

Hybrid tri-memristor hyperchaotic map and application in Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Nets

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1855-1865页

作者： GU Yang bao Han YU XiHong HUA ZhongYun bao BoCheng XU Quan School of Microelectronics and Control Engineering Changzhou UniversityChangzhou213159China School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen518055China

Inspired by basic circuit connection methods,memristors can also be utilized in the construction of complex discrete chaotic *** investigate the dynamical effects of hybrid memristors,we propose two hybrid tri-memristor hyperchaotic(HTMH)mapping structures based on the hybrid parallel/cascade and cascade/parallel operations,*** the HTMH mapping structure with hybrid parallel/cascade operation as an example,this map possesses a spatial invariant set whose stability is closely related to the initial states of the *** distributions and bifurcation behaviours dependent on the control parameters are explored with numerical ***,the memristor initial offset-boosting mechanism is theoretically demonstrated,and memristor initial offset-boosting behaviours are numerically *** results clarify that the HTMH map can exhibit hyperchaotic behaviours and extreme multistability with homogeneous coexisting infinite *** addition,an FPGA hardware platform is fabricated to implement the HTMH map and generate pseudorandom numbers(PRNs)with high ***,the generated PRNs can be applied in Wasserstein generative adversarial nets(WGANs)to enhance training stability and generation capability.

关键词： memristor hybrid tri-memristor map spatial invariant set hyperchaos extreme multistability generative adversarial nets

Global warming strengthens the association between ENSO and the Asian-Australian summer monsoon

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 309-312页

作者： bao YANG Minhui HE School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Previous studies have widely reported the linkages between Asian-Australian monsoon and the ENSO(Wu,2008;Azad and Rajeevan,2016;Chen et al.,2020;Shekhar et al.,2022;Zhang J et al.,2022;Chen et al.,2023;Hau et al.,2023;Heidemann et al.,2023).It is well accepted that the monsoon is weaker during the El Niño phase and stronger during the La Niña *** example,an anomalously strong western Pacific subtropical high in 2020,related to the La Niña event.

关键词： event monsoon Asian

A novel weld-pool-length monitoring method based on pixel analysis in plasma arc additive manufacturing

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Advances in Manufacturing 2024年第2期12卷 335-348页

作者： bao-Ri Zhang Yong-Hua Shi Bionic Robot Research Department Ji Hua LaboratoryFoshan528200GuangdongPeople’s Republic of China Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Special Welding Technology and Equipment School of Mechanical and Automotive EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640People’s Republic of China

The real-time monitoring of the weld pool during deposition is important for automatic control in plasma arc additive *** obtain a high deposition accuracy,it is essential to maintain a stable weld pool *** this study,a novel passive visual method is proposed to measure the weld pool *** the proposed method,the image quality was improved by designing a special visual system that employed an endoscope and a *** also includes pixel brightness-based and gradient-based algorithms that can adaptively detect feature points at the boundary when the weld pool geometry *** algorithm can also be applied to materials with different solidification *** was performed to measure the real weld pool length in world coordinates,and outlier rejection was performed to increase the accuracy of the ***,tests were carried out on the intersection component,and the results showed that the proposed method performed well in tracking the changing weld pool length and was applicable to the real-time monitoring of different types of materials.

关键词： Plasma arc additive manufacturing(PAAM) Weld pool geometry Gradient analysis Real-time detection

Spatiotemporal changes of gross primary productivity and its response to drought in the Mongolian Plateau under climate change

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第1期16卷 46-70页

作者： ZHAO Xuqin LUO Min MENG Fanhao SA Chula bao Shanhu bao Yuhai College of Geographical Science Inner Mongolia Normal UniversityHohhot 010022China Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems Hohhot 010022China

Gross primary productivity(GPP)of vegetation is an important constituent of the terrestrial carbon sinks and is significantly influenced by *** the impact of droughts on different types of vegetation GPP provides insight into the spatiotemporal variation of terrestrial carbon sinks,aiding efforts to mitigate the detrimental effects of climate *** this study,we utilized the precipitation and temperature data from the Climatic Research Unit,the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index(SPEI),the standardized precipitation index(SPI),and the simulated vegetation GPP using the eddy covariance-light use efficiency(EC-LUE)model to analyze the spatiotemporal change of GPP and its response to different drought indices in the Mongolian Plateau during *** main findings indicated that vegetation GPP decreased in 50.53% of the plateau,mainly in its northern and northeastern parts,while it increased in the remaining 49.47%***,meadow steppe(78.92%)and deciduous forest(79.46%)witnessed a significant decrease in vegetation GPP,while alpine steppe(75.08%),cropland(76.27%),and sandy vegetation(87.88%)recovered *** aridification areas accounted for 71.39% of the affected areas,while 28.53% of the areas underwent severe aridification,mainly located in the south and central ***,the warming aridification areas of desert steppe(92.68%)and sandy vegetation(90.24%)were *** warming was found to amplify the sensitivity of coniferous forest,deciduous forest,meadow steppe,and alpine steppe GPP to ***,the drought sensitivity of vegetation GPP in the Mongolian Plateau gradually decreased as altitude *** cumulative effect of drought on vegetation GPP persisted for 3.00-8.00 *** findings of this study will improve the understanding of how drought influences vegetation in arid and semi-arid areas.

关键词： gross primary productivity(GPP) climate change warming aridification areas drought sensitivity cumulative effect duration(CED) Mongolian Plateau

Optimization Method for Electrical Water Heaters Considering Shifting Potentials of Electricity Consumption and Water-use Activities

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第4期12卷 1250-1259页

作者： Yuqing bao Zhonghui Zuo Xuehua Wu School of Electrical and Automation Engineering Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210046China School of Electrical Engineering Nanjing Vocational University of Industry TechnologyNanjing 210023China

Electrical water heaters(EWHs)are important can-didates to provide demand-response *** traditional op-timization method for EWHs focuses on the optimization of the electricity consumption,without considering the shifting poten-tial of the water-use *** paper proposes an optimiza-tion method for EWHs considering the shifting potentials of both the electricity consumption and water-use ***-sidering that the water-use activities could be monolithically shifted,the shifting model of the water-use activities was *** addition to the thermodynamic model of the EWH,the optimal scheduling model of the EWH was developed and solved using mixed-integer linear *** studies were performed on a single EWH and aggregate EWHs,demon-strating that the proposed method can shift the water-use activi-ties and therefore increase the load-shifting potential of the EWHs.

关键词： Electrical water heater(EWH) demand response load-shifting water-use activity