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Quantitative and qualitative subgenomic RNA profiles of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory samples: A comparison between Omicron BA.2 and non-VOC-D614G

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 218-227页

作者： Zigui Chen Rita wa. yin Ng Grace Lui Lowell Ling Agnes S.Y.Leung Chit Chow Siaw Shi Boon Wendy C.S.Ho Maggie Haitian wa.g renee wa. yi chan Albert Martin Li David Shu Cheong Hui Paul Kay Sheung chan Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Paediatrics Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants are notorious for their transmissibility,but little is known about their subgenomic RNA(sgRNA)*** study applied RNA-seq to delineate the quantitative and qualitative profiles of canonical sgRNA of 118 respiratory samples collected from patients infected with Omicron BA.2 and compared with 338 patients infected with non-variant of concern(non-VOC)-D614G.A unique characteristic profile depicted by the relative abundance of 9 canonical sgRNAs wa. reproduced by both BA.2 and non-VOCD614G regardless of host gender,age and presence of ***,such profile wa. lost in samples with low viral load,suggesting a potential application of sgRNA pattern to indicate viral activity of individual patient at a specific time point.A characteristic qualitative profile of canonical sgRNAs wa. also reproduced by both BA.2 and *** presence of a full set of canonical sgRNAs carried a coherent correlation with crude viral load(AUC¼0.91,95%CI 0.88–0.94),and sgRNA ORF7b wa. identified to be the best surrogate marker allowing feasible routine application in characterizing the infection status of individual *** potentials in using sgRNA as a target for vaccine and antiviral development are worth pursuing.

关键词： Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 Non-VOC-D614G RNA-seq Subgenomic RNA(sgRNA)

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Strengthening and control of second-phase particle precipitation in ferritic/austenitic/martensitic heat-resistant alloys:a review

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第1期31卷 3-23页

作者： Xue-cheng Peng Han-jie Guo Xin-fang Zhang yi-wa.Luo Ye Sun Jing Guo Rong-guang Yang Xiao-dan Zheng School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing(USTB)Beijing100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Special Melting and Preparation of High-End Metal Materials University of Science and Technology Beijing(USTB)Beijing100083China Beijing Shougang Gitane New MATERIALS Co. Ltd.Beijing102206China

Heat-resistant alloys with excellent mechanical properties are widely used in various fields,and further improvement in their properties is essential to meet the requirements in new-generation advanced supercritical boilers,nuclear reactors,superheaters,and other new materials *** effectively enhance the comprehensive performance of heat-resistant alloys,second-phase particle strengthening has been widely studied,and in the face of different service envi-ronments of advanced heat-resistant steels,the selection of suitable second-phase particles is essential to maximize the performance of these *** this end,three major types of reinforcing phases in heat-resistant alloys such as carbides,rare earth oxides,and intermetallic compounds are summarized.A comparative analysis of the precipitation behavior of the reinforcing phases with different types as well as the risks and means of controlling their use in service,is *** parameters for the application of various types of second-phase particles in heat-resistant alloys are provided to support the design and preparation of new ultrahigh-performance heat-resistant alloys.

关键词： Heat-resistant alloy Second-phase particle Carbide Rare earth oxide Intermetallic compound Strengthening

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Nutritional epigenetics education improves diet and attitude of parents of children with autism or attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 159-178页

作者： renee J Dufault Katherine M Adler David O Carpenter Steven G Gilbert Raquel A Crider College of Graduate Health Studies A.T.Still UniversityKirksvilleMO 63501United States Department of Research Food Ingredient and Health Research InstituteNaalehuHI 96772United States Department of Health Sciences University of New HavenWest HavenCT 06516United States Institute for Health and the Environment School of Public HealthState University of New YorkAlbanyNY 12222United States Department of Research Institute of Neurotoxicology and Neurological DisordersSeattleWA 98105United States Department of Statistics Food Ingredient and Health Research InstituteNaalehuHI 96772United States

BACKGROUND Unhealthy maternal diet leads to heavy metal exposures from the consumption of ultra-processed foods that may impact gene behavior across generations,creating conditions for the neurodevelopmental disorders known as autism and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).Children with these disorders have difficulty metabolizing and excreting heavy metals from their bloodstream,and the severity of their symptoms correlates with the heavy metal levels measured in their *** may play a key role in helping parents reduce their ultra-processed food and dietary heavy metal intake by providing access to effective nutritional epigenetics *** To test the efficacy of nutritional epigenetics instruction in reducing parental ultra-processed food *** The study utilized a semi-randomized test and control group pretest-posttest pilot study design with participants recruited from parents having a learning-disabled child with autism or ***-two parents who met the inclusion criteria were randomly selected to serve in the test(n=11)or control(n=11)*** test group participated in the six-week online nutritional epigenetics tutorial,while the control group did *** efficacy of the nutritional epigenetics instruction wa. determined by measuring changes in parent diet and attitude using data derived from an online diet survey administered to the participants during the pre and post intervention *** intake scores were derived for both ultra-processed and whole/organic *** sample t-tests were conducted to determine any differences in mean diet scores within each *** There wa. a significant difference in the diet scores of the test group between the pre-and post-intervention *** parents in the test group significantly reduced their intake of ultra-processed foods with a preintervention diet score of 70(mean=5.385,SD=2.534)and a post-intervention diet score of 113(mean=8.692,SD=1.750)and the

关键词： Epigenomics Parenteral nutrition Autism Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder Ultra-processed foods Heavy metals

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玉米野生种基因组研究进展及应用

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生物技术通报 2024年第3期40卷 14-24页

作者：胡伊娃陈露浙江大学农业与生物技术学院作物科学研究所杭州310058

气候变化为粮食生产、生态系统的稳定性带来了重要的挑战。在极端气候变化下,发展适应性物种是作物遗传育种的重要目标之一。作为重要的作物之一,玉米在经历强烈的驯化瓶颈之后,已经丢失了大量的遗传多样性,特别是一些与生物和非生物胁... 详细信息

气候变化为粮食生产、生态系统的稳定性带来了重要的挑战。在极端气候变化下,发展适应性物种是作物遗传育种的重要目标之一。作为重要的作物之一,玉米在经历强烈的驯化瓶颈之后,已经丢失了大量的遗传多样性,特别是一些与生物和非生物胁迫相关的位点。在野生种和农家种中寻找玉米驯化过程中丢失的遗传多样性,并将其应用于现代遗传育种中,将为适应性新品种的创制提供新的契机。本文在对大刍草(玉米野生近亲)的发现及分类研究进行介绍之后,进一步总结了大刍草和玉米的性状与基因组差异,并综述了目前基于遗传学、群体遗传学、分子生物学等对大刍草和玉米之间差异遗传机理剖析的进展,多角度表明了大刍草在玉米遗传学研究中的重要性。最后,对未来气候变化下大刍草在玉米育种中的重要性提出了展望。

关键词：气候变化玉米适应性野生种

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具有不确定控制增益严格反馈系统的自适应命令滤波控制

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自动化学报 2024年第5期50卷 1015-1023页

作者：吴锦娃刘勇华苏春翌鲁仁全广东工业大学自动化学院广州510006 粤港智能决策与协同控制联合实验室广州510006 广东省智能决策与协同控制重点实验室广州510006

针对一类具有不确定控制增益的严格反馈系统,提出一种基于命令滤波反推技术的自适应神经网络控制方法.该方法采用神经网络对系统中的未知非线性函数进行逼近,并引入命令滤波反推技术克服“计算膨胀”的问题.与现有的命令滤波反推控制文... 详细信息

针对一类具有不确定控制增益的严格反馈系统,提出一种基于命令滤波反推技术的自适应神经网络控制方法.该方法采用神经网络对系统中的未知非线性函数进行逼近,并引入命令滤波反推技术克服“计算膨胀”的问题.与现有的命令滤波反推控制文献相比,本文通过构造自适应误差补偿系统,同时消除滤波器产生的边界层误差和不确定控制增益对系统性能造成的影响.仿真结果验证了所提控制方法的有效性.

关键词：非线性系统命令滤波反推神经网络控制自适应控制

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The involvement of brassinolides in fruit ripening:crosstalk with plant growth regulators and transcription factors

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Food Quality and Safety 2024年第1期8卷 41-49页

作者： Ailing Li Xuetong Wu yi Huang Xuejuan Pan KangdingYao Zhiya Liu Chunleiwa.g Weibiao Liao College of Horticulture Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhouChina

Brassinolides(BRs)are a kind of endogenous plant hormone that play an important role in regulating fruit *** can regulate the process of fruit ripening by interacting with plant growth regulators and transcription *** this review,we discuss recent research advances on the role of BRs in fruit ripening and its relation to plant growth regulators and transcription *** addition,BR signaling molecules that are involved in fruit ripening and ripening-related genes are also *** review provides a better theoretical basis for improving fruit quality and regulating fruit ripening to speed up market availability,and for studying the mechanisms of BRs in fruit ripening.

关键词： Fruit quality ethylene abscisic acid nitric oxide brassinazole-resistant 1.

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Spatiotemporal dynamics of the social structure of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins(Sousa chinensis)in Xiamen wa.ers from 2007 to 2019

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 439-450页

作者： yi Lu Xin-Rong Xu Bing-Yao Chen Thomas A Jefferson Holly Fearnbach Guang Yang Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China Clymene Enterprises LakesideCalifornia 92040USA Marine Mammal Research SR3SeaLife ResponseRehabilitation and ResearchWA 98275USA Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) No.1119Haibin RoadNansha DistrictGuangzhouGuangdong 511458China

As highly social animals,Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins(Sousa chinensis)exhibit community ***,our understanding of the external and internal factors influencing these dynamics,as well as their spatiotemporal variations,is still *** the present study,variations in the social structure of an endangered Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin population in Xiamen Bay,China,were monitored over two distinct periods(2007–2010 and 2017–2019)to analyze the effects of habitat utilization and the composition of individuals within the *** both periods,the population demonstrated a strikingly similar pattern of social differentiation,characterized by the division of individuals into two main clusters and one small ***,the two primary clusters occupied the eastern and western wa.ers,respectively,although the core distribution area of the eastern cluster shifted further eastwa.d between the two *** this distribution shift,the temporal stability of the social structure and inter-associations within the eastern cluster remained unaffected.A subset of 16individuals observed in both periods,comprising 51.6%and 43.2%of the population in each respective period,emerged as a foundational element of the social structure and may be responsible for sustaining social structure stability,especially during the 2007–2010 *** observations suggest that the composition of dominant individuals,an internal factor,had a more substantial influence on the formation of the social network than changes in habitat use,an external ***,the study proposes distinct conservation measures tailored to each of the two main clusters.

关键词： Social differentiation Social structure Sousa chinensis Dynamics Conservation

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Present situation of minimally invasive surgical treatment for early gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1154-1165页

作者： Chun-Yan Li yi-Feng wa.g Li-Kang Luo Xiao-Jun Yang The First Clinical Medical School Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000Gansu ProvinceChina The First Clinical Medicine College Gansu University of Chinese MedicineLanzhou 730000Gansu ProvinceChina General Surgery Clinical Centre Gansu Provincial HospitalLanzhou 730000Gansu ProvinceChina The Second Department of General Surgery Gansu Provincial HospitalLanzhou 730000Gansu ProvinceChina Lanzhou University People's Clinical Hospital Lanzhou 730000Gansu ProvinceChina Gansu Research Center of Prevention and Control Project for Digestive Oncology Gansu Provincial HospitalLanzhou 730000Gansu ProvinceChina Gansu Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology Gansu Provincial HospitalLanzhou 730000Gansu ProvinceChina

Minimally invasive surgery is a kind of surgical operation,which is performed by using professional surgical instruments and equipment to inactivate,resect,repair or reconstruct the pathological changes,deformities and wounds in human body through micro-trauma or micro-approach,in order to achieve the goal of treatment,its surgical effect is equivalent to the traditional open surgery,while avoiding the morbidity of conventional surgical *** addition,it also has the advantages of less trauma,less blood loss during operation,less psychological burden and quick recovery on patients,and these minimally invasive techniques provide unique value for the examination and treatment of gastric cancer *** minimally invasive surgical techniques have developed rapidly and offer numerous options for the treatment of early gastric cancer(EGC):endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR),underwa.er EMR(UEMR),endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD),endoscopic full-thickness resection(EFTR),endoscopic submu-cosal excavation(ESE),submucosal tunnel endoscopic resection,laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery(LECS);Among them,EMR,EFTR and LECS technologies have a wide range of applications and different modific-ations have been derived from their respective surgical operations,such as band-assisted EMR(BA-EMR),conven-tional EMR(CEMR),over-the-scope clip-assisted EFTR,no-touch EFTR,the inverted LECS,closed LECS,and so *** new and improved minimally invasive surgeries are more precise,specific and effective in treating different types of EGC.

关键词： Minimally invasive surgery Early gastric cancer Endoscopic mucosal resection Endoscopic full-thickness resection Laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery

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Mirrorless MEMS imaging:a nonlinear vibrational approach utilizing aerosol-jetted PZT-actuated fiber MEMS scanner for microscale illumination

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 175-192页

作者： Wei-Chih wa.g Ming-Yao Li Kuan-chang Peng yi-Feng Hsu Benjamin Estroff Pao-Yun Yen David Schipf Wen-Jong Wu Department of Power Mechanical Engineering National Tsing Hua UniversityNo.101Section 2Kuang-Fu RoadHsinchuTaiwan 30013China Institute of NanoEngineering and Microsystems National Tsing Hua UniversityNo.101Section 2Kuang-Fu RoadHsinchuTaiwan 30013China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Department of Electrical Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Department of Engineering Science and Ocean Engineering National Taiwan UniversityTaiwanChina

This study introduces a novel image capture and lighting techniques using a cutting-edge hybrid MEMS scanner system designed for compact microscopic *** scanner comprises a tapered optical fiber wa.eguide and innovative aerosol-jet printed PZT(lead zirconate titanate)bimorph push-pull actuators on a stainless-steel substrate,effectively addressing issues that are commonly associated with PZT on silicon substrates such as fracture and layer *** leveraging nonlinear vibration,the scanner achieves a spiral scan pattern from a single signal input,in addition to the expected two-dimensional scanning and target illumination from two phase-shifted *** capability is further enhanced by a novel process to taper the optical fiber,which reduces illumination scattering and tunes the fiber to the resonant frequencies of the *** precisely tapered tip enables large fields of view while maintaining independent 2-axis scanning through one-degree-of-freedom *** validation showcases the successful generation of a spiral scan pattern with a 60μm diameter scan area and a 10 Hz frame rate,effectively reconstructing scanned images of 5μm lines,cross patterns(15μm in length with a 5μm gap),and structures of a Psychodidae wing.

关键词： steel fiber scanner

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Alpine Ecosystems of Northwest Yunnan,China:an Initial Assessment for Conservation

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Journal of Mountain Science 2007年第3期4卷 181-192页

作者： Ruth Sherman renee Mullen LI Haomin FANG Zhendong wa.G yi Department o/Natural Resources Cornell University Ithaca NY14853 USACorresponding author The Nature Conservancy Boise ID 83702 USA The Nature Conservancy China Program Kunming Yunnan PRC Shangri-la Alpine Botanical Institute Zhongdian Yunnan PRC State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyThe Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing PRC

Implementing conservation actions on-the-ground is not a straightforwa.d process,especially when faced with high scientific uncertainty due to limited available information. This is especially acute in regions of the world that harbor many unique species that have not been well studied,such as the alpine zone of the Hengduan Mountains of Northwest Yunnan (NWY),a global biodiversity hotspot and site of The Nature Conservancy’s Yunnan Great Rivers Project. We conducted a quantitative,but rapid regional-level assessment of the alpine flora across NWY to provide a broad-based understanding of local and regional patterns of the alpine flora,the first large-scale analysis of alpine biodiversity patterns in this region. Multivariate analyses were used to classify the major plant community types and link community patterns to habitat variables. Our analysis indicated that most species had small distributions and/or small population sizes. Strong patterns emerged with higher diversity in the more northern mountains,but beta diversity wa. high,averaging only 10% among sites. The ordinations indicated that elevation and geographic location were the dominant environ-mental gradients underlying the differences in the species composition among communities. The high beta diversity across the alpine of these mountains implies that conservation strategies ultimately will require the protection of large numbers of species over a large geographical area. However,prioritiza-tion should be given to areas where potential payoffs are greatest. Sites with high species richness also have a greater number of endemic species,and,by focusing efforts on these sites,conservation investments would be maximized by protecting the greatest number of unique species.

关键词： Biodiversity hotspot cluster analysis plant community ecology conservation action grazing Hengduan Mountains non-metric multidimensional scaling plant species richness World Heritage Site Yunnan Great Rivers Project(YGRP) alpine ecosystems China

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