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The swirl and pyrolysis reaction synergistically enhance solid-solid heat transfer and product separation in cyclone pyrolyzer Author links open overlay panel

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Particuology 2024年第8期91卷 118-127页

作者： Haorui Niu Jingxuan Yang Wenhao lian Nan zhang Yongguo li Hongzheng ren Xiaogang Hao Guoqing Guan College of Chemical Engineering and Technology Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024 China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology North University of ChinaTaiyuan030051 China CNNC Key Laboratory on Radioactive Gas Purification Technology China Institute for Radiation ProtectionTaiyuan030006 China Energy Conversion Engineering Laboratory Institute of Regional InnovationHirosaki University3-BunkyochoHirosaki036-8561Japan

Cyclone pyrolyzer is a novel type of downer that combines centrifugal force field and double-layer cyclone *** on transfer behavior is helpful to optimize the pyrolyzer to meet the needs of *** this study,the Computational Particle Fluid Dynamics(CPFD)model is used to analyze the transfer behavior of binary particles,and finds that the swirl and reaction have a synergistic *** effect can increase the heating rate of the particles to the range of flash pyrolysis,and its mechanism lies in the flow field structure of the *** to the centrifugal force field,the particles gather to the near *** rapid swirl,which facilitates intense gas-solid heat transfer,leads to the rapid heating and pyrolysis of biomass *** the pyrolysis proceeds,the mass of the biomass particles becomes smaller and they are more easily affected by the gas flow in *** the action of gas flow,char particles serve as new heat carrier to form the inner cycle of particles,which strengthens the heating *** pyrolysis products are discharged from the exhaust port in time with the flow field of the pyrolyzer to achieve separation from the heat carrier and inhibit the occurrence of secondary reactions.

关键词： Biomass pyrolysis Cyclone pyrolyzer Intra-particle circulation Synergistic effect

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Role of Multi-scale Hierarchical Structures in Regulating Wetting State and Wetting Properties of Structured Surfaces

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第3期21卷 1347-1359页

作者： Yue Jiang Xinyi li Zhichao Ma Zhihui zhang Cuie Wen Zhonghao Jiang Nan lin Luquan ren Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Biological and Agricultural EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130022China Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Microgrid College of Electrical Engineering and New EnergyChina Three Gorges UniversityYichang443002China School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun130025China Centre for Additive Manufacturing School of EngineeringRMIT UniversityMelbourneVictoria3001Australia Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials of Ministry of Education College of Materials Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130025China State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun130012China

Amplifying the intrinsic wettability of substrate material by changing the solid/liquid contact area is considered to be the main mechanism for controlling the wettability of rough or structured *** theoretical analysis and experimental exploration,we have found that in addition to this wettability structure amplification effect,the surface structure also simultaneously controls surface wettability by regulating the wetting state via changing the threshold Young angles of the Cassie-Baxter and Wenzel wetting *** wetting state regulation effect provides us with an alternative strategy to overcome the inherent limitation in surface chemistry by tailoring surface *** wetting state regulation effect created by multi-scale hierarchical structures is quite significant and plays is a crucial role in promoting the superhydrophobicity,superhydrophilicity and the transition between these two extreme wetting properties,as well as stabilizing the Cassie-Baxter superhydrophobic state on the fabricated lotus-like hierarchically structured Cu surface and the natural lotus leaf.

关键词： Hierarchical structure Wetting state regulation Wetting transition Superhydrophobicity Superhydrophilicity

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The impact of water quality on the formation of halogenated benzoquinones and the adsorption efficiency by activated carbon

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 693-702页

作者： Yongjing Wang Song Gao Xinyu Yan Songtao Wang Ruolin zhang Yan Zhou lianhai ren Cheng li State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Food Chain Pollution Control Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China Beijing 100038China Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National light Industry Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China

Halogenated benzoquinones(HBQs)could cause bladder cancer,but there were few related studies on the generation and *** this study,the impact of different precursors,pH,bromide concentration,and algae-derived organic matters on the formation of HBQs and the removal efficiency by activated carbon were *** was found that the chlorination of bisphenol A produced the most 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone(2,6-DCBQ),reaching 14.86μg/L at 1 hr,followed by tyrosine,2-chlorophenol,P-hydroxybenzoic acid,trichlorophenol,and *** production of 2,6-DCBQ increased first and then decreased from 0 to 36 hr(chlorination doses 0-20 mg/L),indicating that HBQs were unstable in ***(THMs)were detected during chlorination,and the concentration increased with prolongation of reaction time.2,6-DCBQ production decreased and 2,6-dibromo-1,4-benzoquinone(2,6-DBBQ)production increased with increment bromide concentration and the bromide promoted the formation of *** production of 2,6-DCBQ decreased with increase of pH,and the maximum production was 141.38μg/L at pH of *** aeruginosa,Chlorella algae cells,and intracellular organic matters(IOM)could be chlorinated as potential precursors for *** most amount of 2,6-DCBQ was generated from algae cells of Microcystis aeruginosa,followed by Chlorella algae cells,Microcystis aeruginosa IOM,and Chlorella *** study compared the removal efficiency of HBQs by granular activated carbon(GAC)and columnar activated carbon(CAC)under different carbon doses and initial concentrations of *** was found that the removal efficiency by GAC(80.1%)was higher than that by CAC(51.8%),indicating that GAC has better control for HBQs.

关键词： HBQS DBPS Drinking water Algae derived organic matters Activated carbon

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Changes in physicochemical characteristics of wheat flour and quality of fresh wet noodles induced by microwave treatment

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2024年第3期7卷 177-185页

作者： Jian zhang Xuejie li Xiujuan ren Yanxia An Xiaoyan Song Yang Zhao Yaqing Wen Weifeng zhang College of Food Science and Technology Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450000Henan ProvinceChina School of Food Science and Engineering Zhengzhou University of Science and TechnologyZhengzhou 450064Henan ProvinceChina

Fresh wet noodles(FWN) are popular staple foods due to its unique chewy texture and favorable taste. However,the development of FWN is limited by its short shelf life and high browning rate. It has been found that the quantity of original microorganisms in wheat flour produced by traditional method is relatively high, which is detrimental to the processing quality and storage stability of FWN. Consequently, it becomes imperative to decrease microorganisms in wheat flour. Microwave treatment has been regarded as a promising method in the food industry due to its potential in inhibiting microbial growth and inactivating enzymes without causing adverse effect on the food quality. This study aims to investigate the effects of microwave treatment of wheat kernels under different powers(1, 2, 3, 4, 5 kW) on the physicochemical properties of wheat flour and the quality of FWN. The results revealed that microwave treatment had a significant effect on microbial inhibition and enzyme inactivation, wherein the total plate count(TPC) and yeast and mold counts(YMC) decreased by 0.87 lg(CFU/g) and 1.13 lg(CFU/g) respectively, and PPO activity decreased from 11.40 U to 6.31 U. The dough quality properties, such as stability, extensibility, and starch viscosity, improved significantly under different microwave conditions. Confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM) images indicated that starch and proteins aggregated gradually in treated flour, altering rheological properties of dough. From the results of scanning electron microscopy(SEM), microwave treatment led to the appearance of disrupted structure in the gluten proteins, but the secondary structure of proteins altered slightly. Rheological properties of dough confirmed that the microwave treatment greatly affected processing characteristics of wheat flour products, with significant advantageous consequences on product quality, especially for textural properties of FWN. Furthermore, FWN darkening could be inhibited noticeably aft

关键词： Microwave treatment Sterilization Confocal laser scanning microscopy Rheological properties Protein structures

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Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid assessment facilitates precision medicine for lung cancer

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第3期21卷 230-251页

作者： Hantao zhang Dan Deng Shujun li Jing ren Wei Huang Dan liu Weiya Wang Department of Pathology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610000China West China Biobank West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610000China Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610000China

Lung cancer is the most common and fatal malignant disease worldwide and has the highest mortality rate among tumor-related causes of *** diagnosis and precision medicine can significantly improve the survival rate and prognosis of lung cancer *** present,the clinical diagnosis of lung cancer is challenging due to a lack of effective non-invasive detection methods and biomarkers,and treatment is primarily hindered by drug resistance and high tumor *** biopsy is a method for detecting circulating biomarkers in the blood and other body fluids containing genetic information from primary tumor *** lavage fluid(BALF)is a potential liquid biopsy medium that is rich in a variety of bioactive substances and cell *** contains information on the key characteristics of tumors,including the tumor subtype,gene mutation type,and tumor environment,thus BALF may be used as a diagnostic supplement to lung *** this review,the current research on BALF in the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of lung cancer is *** advantages and disadvantages of different components of BALF,including cells,cell-free DNA,extracellular vesicles,and micro RNA are *** particular,the great potential of extracellular vesicles in precision diagnosis and detection of drug-resistant for lung cancer is *** addition,the performance of liquid biopsies with different body fluid sources in lung cancer detection are compared to facilitate more selective studies involving BALF,thereby promoting the application of BALF for precision medicine in lung cancer patients in the future.

关键词： Lung cancer bronchoalveolar lavage fluid extracellular vesicles liquid biopsy precision medicine

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Changes in global land surface frozen ground and freeze-thaw processes during 1950-2020 based on ERA5-Land data

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第2期15卷 265-274页

作者： Yong YANG ren-Sheng CHEN Yong-Jian DING Hong-Yuan li zhang-Wen liU Qilian Alpine Ecology and Hydrology Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid LandsNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 73000China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 73000China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection College of Resources and EnvironmentLinyi UniversityLinyi 276000China

Frozen ground(FG)plays an important role in global and regional climates and environments through changes in land freeze-thaw processes,which have been conducted mainly in different ***,the changes in land surface freeze-thaw processes under climate change on a global scale are still *** on ERA5-Land hourly land skin temperature data,this study evaluated changes in the global FG area,global land surface first freeze date(FFD),last freeze date(LFD)and frost-free period(FFP)from 1950 to *** results show that the current FG areas(1991-2020 mean)in the Northern Hemisphere(NH),Southern Hemisphere(SH),and globe are 68.50×10^(6),9.03×10^(6),and 77.53×10^(6)km^(2),which account for 72.4%,26.8%,and 60.4%of the exposed land(excluding glaciers,ice sheets,and water bodies)in the NH,SH and the globe,respectively;further,relative to 1951-1980,the FG area decreased by 1.9%,8.8%,and 2.8%,*** FG at lower latitudes degrades to intermittently FG,and intermittently FG degrades to non-frozen ground,which caused the global FG boundary to retreat to higher latitudes from 1950 to *** annual FG areas in the NH,SH,and globe all show significant decreasing trends(prend of FFP in the NH(1.34 d per decade)is larger than that in the SH(1.15 d per decade).

关键词： Frozen ground Freeze-thaw processes Frost-free period First freeze date Global warming

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Unraveling the role of iron on Ni-Fe alloy nanoparticles during the electrocatalytic ethanol-to-acetate process

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2328-2336页

作者： Junshan li Luming li Xinyu Ma Jun Wang Jun Zhao Yu zhang ren He Yaoyue Yang Andreu Cabot Yongfa Zhu Institute for Advanced Study Chengdu University610106 ChengduChina State Key Laboratory of Environmental-Friendly Energy Materials Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China College of Food and Biological Engineering Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China School of Chemistry and Environment Southwest Minzu UniversityChengdu 610041China Hebei Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Control on Surface and Interface College of ScienceHebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050018China Catalonia Institute for Energy Research-IREC Sant Adriàde BesòsBarcelona 08930CataloniaSpain ICREA Pg.Lluís Companys 23Barcelona 08010CataloniaSpain Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The anodic electrooxidation of ethanol to value-added acetate is an excellent example of replacing the oxygen evolution reaction to promote the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction and save ***,we present a colloidal strategy to produce Ni-Fe bimetallic alloy nanoparticles(NPs)as efficient electrocatalysts for the electrooxidation of ethanol in alkaline ***-Fe alloy NPs deliver a current density of 100 mA·cm^(-2) in a 1.0 M KOH solution containing 1.0 M ethanol merely at 1.5 V *** hydrogen electrode(RHE),well above the performance of other electrocatalysts in a similar *** continuous 10 h testing at this external potential,this electrode is able to produce an average of 0.49 mmol·cm^(-2)·h^(-1) of acetate with an ethanol-to-acetate Faradaic efficiency of 80%.A series of spectroscopy techniques are used to probe the electrocatalytic process and analyze the ***,density functional theory(DFT)calculations demonstrate that the iron in the alloy NPs significantly enhances the electroconductivity and electron transfer,shifts the rate-limiting step,and lowers the energy barrier during the ethanol-to-acetate reaction pathway.

关键词： electrocatalysis ethanol oxidation reaction alloy nanoparticle acetate biorefinery

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Transmission Energy Allocation for Over-the-Air Computation with Energy Harvesting

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Journal of Communications and Information Networks 2024年第2期9卷 126-136页

作者： Siyao zhang Zixiang ren Xinmin li Yin Long Jie Xu Shuguang Cui School of Computer Science and Technology Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute(FNii-Shenzhen) The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdong 518172China School of Information Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China FNii-Shenzhen The Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdong 518172China College of Computer Science Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610100China School of Science and Engineering FNii-Shenzhenand Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Future Networks of IntelligenceThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenGuangdong 518172China

Over-the-air computation(AirComp)has recently emerged as a promising multiple-access technique for fast wireless data aggregation(WDA)from distributed wireless devices(WDs). This paper investigates an energy harvesting (EH) AirComp system, in which multiple EH-powered single-antenna WDs simultaneously send wireless signals to a single-antenna access point (AP) with conventional energy supply for WDA via AirComp. Under this setup, we minimize the average computation mean square error(MSE)over a particular time period, by jointly optimizing the transmit energy allocation at the WDs and the AirComp denoising factors at the AP over time, subject to the energy causality constraints at individual WDs. First, we consider the offline scenario by assuming that the energy state information(ESI)and channel state information (CSI) are non-causally known at the beginning of the period, in which the formulated average MSE minimization corresponds to a non-convex optimization problem. We present a high-quality converged solution by using the techniques of alternating optimization and convex optimization. It is shown that for each WD,if the EH rate is sufficiently high,then the channel inversion power allocation is adopted;while if the EH rate is low, then all the harvested energy should be used up for transmission with proper energy allocation over time. Next, we consider the online scenario with causal ESI and CSI,in which the MSE minimization becomes a stochastic optimization *** this scenario, we present an offline-inspired online algorithm to obtain efficient online energy allocation designs by utilizing the obtained offline solutions. Finally,numerical results show that the proposed designs significantly outperform two benchmark schemes with power-halving and full-power transmission,respectively.

关键词： over-the-air computation(AirComp) power allocation energy harvesting(EH) optimization

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Evolution Mechanism of Carbon Covalent Bond during Coal Activation Using Mixed Atmosphere of H_(2)O and CO_(2)

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第5期33卷 1961-1973页

作者： WANG Mingyue zhang Siyuan HAN Shaobo zhang Chi ren Qiangqiang Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Engineering ThermophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Adequate destruction of the aromatic structure in coal is key to further reducing the emission of *** this research,activation reactions of Shenmu coal powder were carried out in a vertical tube *** study investigated the evolution mechanism of carbon covalent bonds during the activation process by altering the ratio of H_(2)O to CO_(2)in the activation *** theoretical validation was conducted through density functional *** two gas molecules follow different pathways to increase the reactivity of ***_(2)mainly participates in the cross-linking reaction by intensifying branching,while H_(2)O and char have lower adsorption energy barriers and are more likely to generate oxygen-containing functional *** molecules partially compete for active sites in a mixed gas atmosphere,but there is a synergism between the two *** synergism can be attributed to two *** inclusion of H_(2)O mitigates the generation of five-membered rings to a limited extent,while concurrently enhances the development of oxygen-containing functional *** oxygen-containing functional groups can effectively diminish the adsorption energy barrier associated with the interaction between gas molecules and char,consequently leading to a reduction in the energy demand for subsequent bond cleavage.

关键词： activation reaction carbon structure char CO_(2)/H_(2)O atmosphere density functional theory

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A repertoire of intronic lariat RNAs reveals tissue-specific regulation and target mimicry potential in plants

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Science China(life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1280-1291页

作者： Yong zhang Xiaotuo zhang Qi Tang Lei li Ting Jiang Yixiao Fang Hong zhang Jixian Zhai Guodong ren Binglian Zheng State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Institute of Plant BiologySchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Department of Biology School of Life SciencesSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Lariat RNA is concomitantly produced by excised intron during RNA splicing,which is usually debranched by DBR1,an RNA debranching ***,increasing evidence showed that some lariat RNA could escape *** is known about how and why these lariat RNAs could be *** comparing the atlas of lariat RNAs between the non-dividing cell(mature pollen)and three actively dividing tissues(young shoot apex,young seeds,and young roots),we identified hundreds to thousands of lariat RNA naturally retained in each tissue,and the incidence of lariat RNA retention is much less in shoot apex while much more in *** lariat RNAs derived from the same intron or different lariat RNAs from the same pre-m RNA could be retained in one tissue while degraded in the other *** deciphering lariat RNA sequences,we identified an AG-rich(RAAAAVAAAR)motif and a UC-rich(UCUCUYUCUC)motif for pollen-specific and the other three tissues-retained lariat RNAs,*** of the pollen-specific AG-rich motif indeed enhanced lariat RNA retention in ***,hundreds of lariat RNAs harbored mi RNA binding sites,and dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that these natural lariat RNAs had the potential to protect expression of mi RNA target ***,our results uncover that selective retention of lariat RNA is an actively regulatory process,and provide new insights into understanding how lariat RNA metabolism may impact mi RNA activity.

关键词： intron turnover lariat RNA miRNA RNA splicing DBR1

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