检索结果-南通市图书馆

High association strengths are linked to phenotypic similarity,including plumage color and patterns,of participants in mixed-species bird flocks of southwestern China

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 34-44页

作者： liping Zhou Christos Mammides Youfang Chen Wenyi Zhou Wenzhang Dai Edward l.Braun rebecca T.Kimball Yang liu Scott K.Robinson Eben Goodale Guangxi Key laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China Nature Conservation Unit Frederick University7Yianni Frederickou StreetPallouriotissaNicosia 1036Cyprus State Key laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China Florida Museum of Natural History University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 34201USA Department of Biology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 34201USA School of life Science and Institute of Wetland Ecology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210000China State Key laboratory of Biocontrol School of EcologySun-Yatsen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Department of Health and Environmental Science Xi'an Jiaotong Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Participants in mixed-species bird flocks(MSFs)have been shown to associate with species that are similar in body size,diet,and evolutionary history,suggesting that facilitation structures these *** addition,several studies have suggested that species in MsFs resemble each other in their plumage,but this question has not been systematically investigated for any MsF *** the nonbreeding season of 2020 and 2021,we sampled 585 MSFs on 14 transects in 2 habitats of Tongbiguang Nature Reserve in western Yunnan Province,*** performed social network analysis and the Multiple Regression Quadratic Assignment Procedure to evaluate the effect of 4 species traits(body size,overall plumage color,distinctive plumage patterns,and diet)and evolutionary history on species association strength at the whole-MSF and within-MSF *** 41 significant relationships showed that species with stronger associations were more similar in their various *** size had the strongest effect on association strength,followed by phylogeny,plumage patterns,and plumage color;diet had the weakest *** results are consistent with the hypotheses that the benefits of associating with phenotypically similar species outweigh the potential costs of interspecific competition,and that trait matching can occur in plumage characteristics,albeit more weakly than in other *** explanations exist as to why similarities in plumage may occur in MSFs,including that they could reduce predators'ability to target phenotypically"odd"*** trait matching in plumage occurs through assortative processes in ecological time or is influenced by co-evolution requires furtherstudy.

关键词： co-evolution interaction networks mixed-species animal groups phenotypic similarity trait convergence

Manipulation of photosensory and circadian signaling restricts phenotypic plasticity in response to changing environmental conditions in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2024年第9期17卷 1458-1471页

作者： Martin William Battle Scott Fraser Ewing Cathryn Dickson Joseph Obaje Kristen N.Edgeworth rebecca Bindbeutel Rea lAntoniou-Kourounioti Dmitri A.Nusinow Matthew Alan Jones Plant Science Group School of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK Danforth Plant Science Center St.LouisMO 63132USA Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63130USA Present address:School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool L22QPUK

Plants exploit phenotypic plasticity to adapt their growth and development to prevailing environmental *** of light and temperature signals is aided by the circadian system,which provides a temporal *** plasticity provides a selective and competitive advantage in nature but is obstructive during large-scale,intensive agricultural practices since economically important traits(including vegetative growth and flowering time)can vary widely depending on local environmental *** prevents accurate prediction of harvesting times and produces a variable *** this study,we sought to restrict phenotypic plasticity and circadian regulation by manipulating signaling systems that govern plants'responses to environmental *** modeling of plant growth and develop-ment predicted reduced plant responses to changing environments when circadian and light signaling pathways were *** tested this prediction by utilizing a constitutively active allele of the plant photoreceptor phytochrome B,along with disruption of the circadian systemvia mutation of *** found that these manipulations produced plants that are less responsive to light and temper-ature cues and thus fail to anticipate *** engineered plants have uniform vegetative growth and flowering time,demonstrating how phenotypic plasticity can be limited while maintaining plant *** has significant implications for future agriculture in both open fields and controlled environments.

关键词： circadian developmental plasticity phenotypic plasticity external coincidence light temperature

Storylines of family medicine Ⅻ:family medicine and the healthcare system

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S3期12卷 109-118页

作者： William B Ventres leslie A Stone Jeannette E South-Paul Kendall M Campbell Aerial R Petty Hima Ekanadham Kurt C Stange rebecca S Etz William l Miller Robert l Ferrer Marianna Kong Thomas Bodenheimer Roger Strasser Sharon C M Reece Joshua Freeman John M Westfall Family and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Meharry Medical College NashvilleTennesseeUSA Family Medicine University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston School of MedicineGalvestonTexasUSA Family Medicine Residency Program New York-Presbyterian Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA Center for Family and Community Medicine Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNew YorkUSA Center for Community Health Integration Case Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA Family Medicine and Population Health Virginia Commonwealth University School of MedicineRichmondVirginiaUSA Family Medicine Lehigh Valley Health NetworkAllentownPennsylvaniaUSA University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine TampaFloridaUSA Family and Community Medicine UT Health San Antonio Long School of MedicineSan AntonioTexasUSA Family and Community Medicine University of California San Francisco School of MedicineSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA Northern Ontario School of Medicine University SudburyOntarioCanada Family Medicine Baylor Scott and White HealthTempleTexasUSA Family Medicine University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKansasUSA DARTNet Insitute AuroraColoradoUSA

Storylines of Family Medicine is a 12-part series of thematically linked mini-essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine,as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅻ:Family medicine and the future of the healthcare system’,authors address the following themes:‘leadership in family medicine’,‘Becoming an academic family physician’,‘Advocare—our call to act’,‘The paradox of primary care and three simple rules’,‘The quadruple aim—melding the patient and the health system’,‘Fit-for-purpose medical workforce’,‘Universal healthcare—coverage for all’,‘The futures of family medicine’and‘The 100th essay.’May readers of these essays feel empowered to be part of family medicine’s exciting future.

关键词： system illustration family

Bat-derived oligopeptide lE6 inhibits the contact-kinin pathway and harbors anti-thromboinflammation and stroke potential

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Zoological Research 2024年第5期45卷 1001-1012页

作者： li-Na Cha Juan Yang Jin-Ai Gao Xin lu Xiao-long Chang rebecca Caroline Thuku Qi liu Qiu-Min lu Dong-Sheng li Ren lai Ming-Qian Fang Engineering laboratory of Peptides of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan ProvinceKIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common DiseasesNational Resource Center for Non-Human PrimatesNational Research Facility for Phenotypic&Genetic Analysis of Model Animals(Primate Facility)Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution&Animal ModelsSino-African Joint Research Centerand New Cornerstone Science LaboratoryKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China School of Molecular Medicine Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiang 310024China First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University KunmingYunnan 650032China

Thrombosis and inflammation are primary contributors to the onset and progression of ischemic *** contact-kinin pathway,initiated by plasma kallikrein(PK)and activated factor XII(FXIIa),functions bidirectionally with the coagulation and inflammation cascades,providing a novel target for therapeutic drug development in ischemic *** this study,we identified a bat-derived oligopeptide from Myotis myotis(Borkhausen,1797),designated lE6(leu-Ser-Glu-Glu-Pro-Glu,702 Da),with considerable potential in stroke therapy due to its effects on the contact kinin ***,lE6 demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on PK and FXIIa,with inhibition constants of 43.97μmol/l and 6.37μmol/l,*** vitro analyses revealed that lE6 prolonged plasma recalcification time and activated partial thromboplastin *** murine models,lE6 effectively inhibited carrageenan-induced mouse tail thrombosis,FeCl3-induced carotid artery thrombosis,and photochemically induced intracerebral ***,lE6 significantly decreased inflammation and stroke injury in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion ***,the low toxicity,hemolytic activity,and bleeding risk of lE6,along with its synthetic simplicity,underscore its clinical *** conclusion,as an inhibitor of FXIIa and PK,lE6 offers potential therapeutic benefits in stroke treatment by mitigating inflammation and preventing thrombus formation.

关键词： PK FXIIa Anti-thromboinflammation Ischemic stroke therapies Oligopeptide

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图书馆员在高校科研中的作用

图书馆学研究 1990年第1期 27-29页

作者：张玉芬 Robert Grove Martha l.hale

图书馆员的传统服务可分为主动服务和被动服务。一般说来,选购书刊资料,开展借阅活动被视为被动服务。那些为配合教学而开展的指定參考书服务和编制专题书目索引等被视为主动服务。现在,大部分图书馆员在科研中采取主动服务的方式,如利... 详细信息

图书馆员的传统服务可分为主动服务和被动服务。一般说来,选购书刊资料,开展借阅活动被视为被动服务。那些为配合教学而开展的指定參考书服务和编制专题书目索引等被视为主动服务。现在,大部分图书馆员在科研中采取主动服务的方式,如利用文摘或书目数据库进行检索服务。但这种检索往往是资料堆积,大部分与科研人员的研究课题关系不大。所以,有人建议图书馆员应了解科研过程。

关键词：图书馆员读者工作科研工作

FIXED-POINT CONTINUATION APPlIED TO COMPRESSED SENSING:IMPlEMENTATION AND NUMERICAl EXPERIMENTS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2010年第2期28卷 170-194页

作者： Elaine T.hale Department of Computational and Applied Mathematics Rice University

Fixed-point continuation （FPC） is an approach, based on operator-splitting and continuation, for solving minimization problems with l1-regularization：min ｜｜x｜｜1＋uf（x）.We investigate the application of this algorithm to compressed sensing signal recovery, in which f（x） = 1/2｜｜Ax-b｜｜2M,A∈m×n and m≤n. In particular, we extend the original algorithm to obtain better practical results, derive appropriate choices for M and u under a given measurement model, and present numerical results for a variety of compressed sensing problems. The numerical results show that the performance of our algorithm compares favorably with that of several recently proposed algorithms.

关键词： l1 regularization Fixed-point algorithm Continuation Compressed sensing,Numerical experiments.

Male-driven reproductive and agonistic character displacement in darters and its implications for speciation in allopatry

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Current Zoology 2018年第1期64卷 101-113页

作者： Rachel l. MORAN rebecca C. FUllER School of Integrative Biology University of Illinois Champaign IL 61820 USA

Selection against hybridization can cause mating traits to diverge between species in sympatry via reproductive character displacement （RCD）. Additionally, selection against interspecific fighting can cause aggressive traits to diverge between sympatric species via agonistic character displacement （ACD）. By directly affecting conspecific recognition traits, RCD and ACD between species can also incidentally cause divergence in mating and fighting traits among populations within a species [termed cascade RCD （CRCD） and cascade ACD]. Here, we demonstrate patterns consistent with male-driven RCD and ACD in 2 groups of darters （orangethroat darter clade Ceasia and rainbow darter Etheostoma caeruleum）. In both groups, males that occur in sympatry （between Ceasia and E. caeruleum） have higher levels of preference for mating and fighting with conspecifics over heterospecifics than do males from allopatry. This is consistent with RCD and ACD. We also found patterns consistent with CRCD and cascade ACD among species of Ceasia. Ceasia males that are sympatric to E. caeruleum （but allopatric to one another） also have heightened preferences for mat- ing and fighting with conspecific versus heterospecific Ceasia. In contrast, Ceasia males that are allopatric to E. caeruleum readily mate and fight with heterospecific Ceasia. We suggest that RCD and ACD between Ceasia and E. caeruleum has incidentally led to divergence in mating and fighting traits among Ceasia species. This study is unique in that male preferences evolve via both RCD （male preference for conspecific females） and ACD （male preference to fight conspecific males） which leads to subsequent divergence among allopatric lineages.

关键词： agonistic character displacement behavioral isolation cascade reinforcement reinforcement reproductive charac-ter displacement speciation.

The presence and partitioning behavior of flame retardants in waste,leachate,and air particles from Norwegian waste-handling facilities

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第12期29卷 115-132页

作者： Nicolas A.O.Morin Patrik l.Andersson Sarah E.hale Hans Peter H.Arp Norwegian Geotechnical Institute(NGI) P.O.Box 3930Ulleval StadionN-0806 OsloNorway Environmental and Food laboratory of Vendee(lEA V) Department of ChemistryRond-point Georges Dural CS 8080285021 La Roche-sur-YonFrance Chemistry Department Umed UniversitySE-901 87 UmeaSweden

Flame retardants in commercial products eventually make their way into the waste *** the presence of flame retardants in Norwegian landfills, incineration facilities and recycling sorting/defragmenting facilities is investigated. These facilities handled waste electrical and electronic equipment（WEEE）, vehicles, digestate, glass, combustibles, bottom ash and fly ash. The flame retardants considered included polybrominated diphenyl ethers（∑BDE-10） as well as dechlorane plus, polybrominated biphenyls, hexabromobenzene,pentabromotoluene and pentabromoethylbenzene（collectively referred to as ∑FR-7）. Plastic,WEEE and vehicles contained the largest amount of flame retardants（∑BDE-10： 45,000–210,000 μg/kg; ∑FR-7： 300–13,000 μg/kg）. It was hypothesized leachate and air concentrations from facilities that sort/defragment WEEE and vehicles would be the highest. This was supported for total air phase concentrations（∑BDE-10： 9000–195,000 pg/m^3 WEEE/vehicle facilities, 80–900 pg/m^3 in incineration/sorting and landfill sites）, but not for water leachate concentrations（e.g., ∑BDE-10： 15–3500 ng/l in WEEE/Vehicle facilities and 1–250 ng/l in landfill sites）. landfill leachate exhibited similar concentrations as WEEE/vehicle sorting and defragmenting facility leachate. To better account for concentrations in leachates at the different facilities, waste-water partitioning coefficients, Kwastewere measured（for the first time to our knowledge for flame retardants）. WEEE and plastic waste had elevated Kwastecompared to other wastes, likely because flame retardants are directly added to these materials. The results of this study have implications for the development of strategies to reduce exposure and environmental emissions of flame retardants in waste and recycled products through improved waste management practices.

关键词： Brominated flame retardants Waste management Environmental emissions Atmospheric emissions Partitioning leachate

Diversity of yO T-cell antigens

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2013年第1期10卷 13-20页

作者： Willi K Born M Kemal Aydintug rebecca l O'Brien Integrated Department of Immunology National Jewish Health Denver CO USA University of Colorado Denver Aurora CO USACorrespondence: Dr WK Born National Jewish Health 1400 Jackson Street GB K409 Denver CO 80206 USA.

In the last two decades, it has become clear that yo T cells recognize a diverse array of antigens including self and foreign, large and small, and peptidic and non-peptidic molecules. In this respect, 78 antigens as a whole resemble more the antigens recognized by antibodies than those recognized by T cells. Because of this antigenic diversity, no single mechanism--such as the major histocompatibility complex （MHC） restriction of ap T cells--is likely to provide a basis for all observed T-cell antigen receptor （TCR）-dependent 78 T-cell responses. Furthermore, available evidence suggests that many individual 78 T cells are poly-specific, probably using different modes of ligand recognition in their responses to unrelated antigens. While posing a unique challenge in the maintenance of self-tolerance, this broad reactivity pattern might enable multiple overlapping uses of 78 T-cell populations, and thus generate a more efficient immune response.

关键词： antigen recognition ligand T-cell receptor yo T cells