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Male-driven reproductive and agonistic character displacement in darters and its implications for speciation in allopatry

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Current Zoology 2018年第1期64卷 101-113页

作者： Rachel L. MORAN rebecca C. FULLER School of Integrative Biology University of Illinois Champaign IL 61820 USA

Selection against hybridization can cause mating traits to diverge between species in sympatry via reproductive character displacement （RCD）. Additionally, selection against interspecific fighting can cause aggressive traits to diverge between sympatric species via agonistic character displacement （ACD）. By directly affecting conspecific recognition traits, RCD and ACD between species can also incidentally cause divergence in mating and fighting traits among populations within a species [termed cascade RCD （CRCD） and cascade ACD]. Here, we demonstrate patterns consistent with male-driven RCD and ACD in 2 groups of darters （orangethroat darter clade Ceasia and rainbow darter Etheostoma caeruleum）. In both groups, males that occur in sympatry （between Ceasia and E. caeruleum） have higher levels of preference for mating and fighting with conspecifics over heterospecifics than do males from allopatry. This is consistent with RCD and ACD. We also found patterns consistent with CRCD and cascade ACD among species of Ceasia. Ceasia males that are sympatric to E. caeruleum （but allopatric to one another） also have heightened preferences for mat- ing and fighting with conspecific versus heterospecific Ceasia. In contrast, Ceasia males that are allopatric to E. caeruleum readily mate and fight with heterospecific Ceasia. We suggest that RCD and ACD between Ceasia and E. caeruleum has incidentally led to divergence in mating and fighting traits among Ceasia species. This study is unique in that male preferences evolve via both RCD （male preference for conspecific females） and ACD （male preference to fight conspecific males） which leads to subsequent divergence among allopatric lineages.

关键词： agonistic character displacement behavioral isolation cascade reinforcement reinforcement reproductive charac-ter displacement speciation.

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Sterile signals generate weaker and delayed macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome responses relative to microbial signals

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第1期14卷 118-126页

作者： Jelena S Bezbradica rebecca C Coll Kate Schroder Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB) IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre The University of Queensland Brisbane St Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia

Inflammation is the host response to microbial infection or sterile injury that aims to eliminate the insult, repair the tissue and restore homeostasis. Macrophages and the NLRP3 inflammasome are key sentinels for both types of insult. Although it is well established that the NLRP3 inflammasome is activated by microbial products and molecules released during sterile injury, it is unclear whether the responses elicited by these different types of signals are distinct. In this study, we used lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor as prototypical microbial and sterile signal 1 stimuli, respectively, to prime the NLRP3 inflammasome. We then used the bacterial toxin nigericin and a common product released from necrotic cells, ATP, as prototypical microbial and sterile signal 2 stimuli, respectively, to trigger the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome complex in mouse and human macrophages. We found that NLRP3 inflammasome responses were weakest when both signal 1 and signal 2 were sterile, but responses were faster and stronger when at least one of the two signals was microbial. Ultimately, the most rapid and potent responses were elicited when both signals were microbial. Together, these data suggest that microbial versus sterile signals are distinct, both kinetically and in magnitude, in their ability to generate inflammasome-dependent responses. This hierarchy of NLRP3 responses to sterile versus microbial stimuli likely reflects the urgent need for the immune system to respond rapidly to the presence of infection to halt pathogen dissemination.

关键词： inflammasome NLRP3 sterile inflammation TNF

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Extracellular vesicles and reproduction-promotion of successful pregnancy

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2014年第6期11卷 548-563页

作者： Dionne TannettaI rebecca Dragovic Zahraa Alyahyaei Jennifer Southcombe Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Oxford John Radcliffe Hospital Oxford UK

Extracellular vesicles （EVs） are membrane-bound complexes secreted from cells under both physiological and pathological conditions. They contain proteins, nucleic acids and lipids and act as messengers for cell-cell communication and signalling, particularly between immune cells. EV research is a rapidly evolving and expanding field, and it appears that all biological fluids contain very large numbers of EVs; they are produced from all cells that have been studied to date, and are known to have roles in several reproductive processes. This review analyses the evidence for the role of EVs throughout human reproduction, starting with the paternal and maternal gametes, followed by the establishment and continuation of successful pregnancies, with specific focus, where possible, on the interaction of EVs with the maternal immune system. Importantly, variations within the EV populations are identified in various reproductive disorders, such as pre-term labour and pre-eclampsia.

关键词： Extracellular vesicles pregnancy microvesicles exosomes nanoparticle tracking analysis pre-eclampsia

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Targeting chronic and evolving neuroinflammation following traumatic brain injury to improve long-term outcomes: insights from microglial-depletion models

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第5期16卷 976-977页

作者： rebecca J.Henry David J.Loane Department of Anesthesiology and Shock Trauma and Anesthesiology Research(STAR)CenterUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA School of Biochemistry and Immunology Trinity Biomedical Sciences InstituteTrinity CollegeDublinIreland

Microglia,the resident innate immune cells of the central nervous system(CNS),play important roles in brain development,maintenance,and *** brain sentinels,microglia adopt a surveillant state in healthy tissue characterized by a ramified scanning morphology that maintains CNS homeostasis and contributes to learningassociated synaptic plasticity.

关键词： inflammation homeostasis traumatic

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Contemporary approaches to visual prostheses

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Military Medical Research 2019年第3期6卷 254-262页

作者： rebecca M.Mirochnik John S.Pezaris Department of Bioengineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA Department of Neurosurgery Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA.3Department of NeurosurgeryHarvard MedicalSchoolBostonMAUSA.

Visual prostheses serve to restore visual function following acquired blindness. Acquired blindness(as opposed to congenital blindness) has many causes, including diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa, glaucoma, and macular degeneration, or trauma such as caused by automobile accident or blast damage from explosions. Many of the blindness-causing diseases target the retina or other ocular structure. Often, despite the loss of sensitivity to light, the remainder of the visual pathway is still functional, enabling electrical devices to deliver effective and meaningful visual information to the brain via arrays of electrodes. These arrays can be placed in any part of the early visual pathway, such as the retina, optic nerve, lateral geniculate nucleus, or visual cortex. A camera or other imaging source is used to drive electrical stimulation of remaining healthy cells or structures to create artificial vision and provide restoration of function. In this review, each approach to visual prostheses is described, including advantages and disadvantages as well as assessments of the current state of the art. Most of the work to-date has been targeting stimulation of(a) the retina, with three devices approved for general use and two more in clinical testing;(b) the lateral geniculate nucleus, with efforts still in the pre-clinical stage;and(c) the cortex, with three devices in clinical testing and none currently approved for general use despite the longest history of investigation of the three major approaches. Each class of device has different medical indications, and different levels of invasiveness required for implantation. All contemporary devices deliver relatively poor vision. There has been remarkable progress since the first proof-ofconcept demonstration that used stimulation of the primary visual cortex, with the field exploring all viable options for restoration of function. Much of the progress has been recent, driven by advances in microelectronics and biocompat

关键词： Visual prosthesis Blindness Artificial vision

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Impaired lysosomes in the retinal pigment epithelium play a central role in the degeneration of the neuroretina

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第12期18卷 2697-2698页

作者： rebecca D.Miller J.Arjuna Ratnayaka Clinical and Experimental Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK

Lysosomes are highly dynamic, single membranebound compartments that are critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis. These organelles, which appear to vary between 200 nm–1 μm in diameter, originate from the maturation of endocytic vesicles and via the enrichment of newly synthesized lysosomal proteins in the trans-Golgi network.

关键词： critical dynamic degeneration

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Neural stem cell heterogeneity through time and space in the ventricular-subventricular zone

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Frontiers in Biology 2016年第4期11卷 261-284页

作者： Gabrielle Rushing rebecca A. Ihrie Program in Neuroscience Vanderbilt University Nashville TAr 37232 USA Departments of Cancer Biology and Neurological Surgery Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37232 USA

BACKGROUND： The origin and classification of neural stem cells （NSCs） has been a subject of intense investigation for the past two decades. Efforts to categorize NSCs based on their location, function and expression have established that these cells are a heterogeneous pool in both the embryonic and adult brain. The discovery and additional characterization of adult NSCs has introduced the possibility of using these cells as a source for neuronal and glial replacement following injury or disease. To understand how one could manipulate NSC developmental programs for therapeutic use, additional work is needed to elucidate how NSCs are programmed and how signals during development are interpreted to determine cell fate. OBJECTIVE： This review describes the identification, classification and characterization of NSCs within the large neurogenic niche of the ventricular-subventricular zone （V-SVZ）. METHODS： A literature search was conducted using Pubmed including the keywords ＂ventricular-subventricular zone,＂＂neural stem cell,＂＂heterogeneity,＂＂identity＂ and/or ＂single cell＂ to find relevant manuscripts to include within the review. A special focus was placed on more recent findings using single-cell level analyses on neural stem cells within their niche（s）. RESULTS： This review discusses over 20 research articles detailing findings on V-SVZ NSC heterogeneity, over 25 articles describing fate determinants of NSCs, and focuses on 8 recent publications using distinct single-cell analyses of neural stem cells including fl0w cytometry and RNA-seq. Additionally, over 60 manuscripts highlighting the markers expressed on cells within the NSC lineage are included in a chart divided by cell type. CONCLUSIONS： Investigation of NSC heterogeneity and fate decisions is ongoing. Thus far, much research has been conducted in mice however, findings in human and other mammalian species are also discussed here. Implications of NSC heterogeneity established in the embryo for the properti

关键词： ventricular-subventricular zone neural stem cells positional identity single-cell heterogeneity

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Renal progenitors: Roles in kidney disease and regeneration

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2016年第11期8卷 367-375页

作者： Brooke E Chambers rebecca A Wingert Department of Biological Sciences Center for Zebrafish Research Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine University of Notre Dame

Kidney disease is a devastating condition that affects millions of people worldwide, and its prevalence predicted to significantly increase. The kidney is complex organ encompassing many diverse cell type organized in a elaborate tissue architecture, makin regeneration a challenging feat. In recent years, there ha been a surge in the field of stem cell research to develo regenerative therapies for various organ systems. Here we review some recent progressions in characterizing th role of renal progenitors in development, regeneration and kidney disease in mammals. We also discuss how the zebrafish provides a unique experimental anima model that can provide a greater molecular and genet understanding of renal progenitors, which may contribut to the development of potential regenerative therapies fo human renal afflictions.

关键词： Kidney Renal progenitor Nephrogenesis Development Nephron Regeneration Zebrafish Parietal epithelial cell Tubular progenitor cell

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A perspective on sensory drive

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Current Zoology 2018年第4期64卷 465-470页

作者： rebecca C. FULLER John A. ENDLER Department of Animal Biology School of Integrative Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Champaign IL 61820 USA Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Life and Environmental Sciences Deakin University Waurn Ponds VIC 3216 Australia

In 1992, The American Naturalist published a special supplement entitled：＂Sensory Drive. Does Sensory Drive Biology Bias or Constrain the Direction of Evolution？＂ organized by John Endler. The supplement contained a seminal paper on ＂sensory drive＂ by Endler （1992a） as well as several other well-cited papers on sensory exploitation （Ryan and Keddy-Hector 1992）.

关键词：开车博物学生物学报纸

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Making the case for multidisciplinary pediatric aerodigestive programs

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第28期28卷 3620-3626页

作者： Sohit P Kanotra rebecca Weiner Riad Rahhal Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of IowaIowa CityIA 52242United States Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric PulmonologyUniversity of IowaIowa CityIA 52242United States Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatric GastroenterologyUniversity of IowaIowa CityIA 52242United States

Multidisciplinary pediatric aerodigestive centers have been proposed to address the needs of children with complex multi-system problems affecting the respiratory and upper gastrointestinal *** setup of a multidisciplinary service allows for the complex coordination needed between different *** allows for rapid communication and family-centered decision making and agreement on further diagnostic and/or therapeutic next steps such as offering triple endoscopy when *** endoscopy entails performing rigid upper airway assessment,flexible bronchoscopy and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and has been linked to reduced time to diagnosis/treatment,reduced costs and anesthesia *** review summarizes the available literature on the structure and benefits of multidisciplinary pediatric aerodigestive services.

关键词： Aerodigestive Multidisciplinary Pediatric Triple endoscopy

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