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Asymmetric reinforcement in Lucania killifish:assessing reproductive isolation when both sexes choose

current Zoology 2021年第2期67卷 215-224页

作者： Michelle E.ST.JOHN rebecca c.fuller School of Integrative Biology University of liois Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL 61820USA

Reinforcement can occur when maladaptive hybridization in sympatry favors the evolution of con-specific preferences and target traits that promote behav ioral isolation(BI).In many systems,enhanced BI is due to increased female preference for conspecifics.In others,BI is driven by male preference,and in other systems both sexes exert preferences.Some of these patterns can be atributed to classic sex-specific costs and benefits of preference.Alternatively,sex differences in conspecific preference can emerge due to asymmetric postzygotic isolation(e.g.,hybrid offspring from female A × male B have lower fitness than hybrid offspring from female B × male A),which can lead to asymmetric BI(e.g.,female A and male B are less likely to mate than female B and male A).Understanding reinforcement requires understanding how conspecific preferences evolve in sympatry.Yet,estimating conspecific preferences can be difficult when both sexes are choosy.In this study,we use Lucania killifish to test the hypothesis that patterns of reinforcement are driven by asymmetric postzygotic isolation between species.If true,we predicted that sympatric female Lucania goodei and sympatric male L.parva should have lower levels of BI compared with their sympatric counterparts,as they produce hybrid offspring with the highest fitness.To address the problem of measuring BI when both sexes are choosy,we inferred the contribution to BI of each partner using assays where one sex in the mating pair comes from an allopatric population with potentially low preference,whereas the other comes from a sympatric population with high prefer-ence.For one hybrid cross direction,we found that both female L.parva and male L.goodei have high contributions to BI in sympatry.In the other hybrid cross direction,we found that only female L.goodei contribute to BI.Sympatric male L.parva readily engaged in hybrid spawnings with allo-patric L.goodei females.These results indicate that both asymmetric postzygotic isolation and the traditional sex-specific costs to prefer

关键词： reinforcement behavioral isolatin female mate choice male mate choice asymmetric costs to hybridization

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Testing the potential mechanisms for the maintenance of a genetic color polymorphism in bluefin killifish populations

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current Zoology 2018年第6期64卷 733-743页

作者： Ashley M.JOHNSON chia-Hao cHANG rebecca c.fuller Department of Animal Biology School of Integrative BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL 61820USA

The maintenance of genetic variation in the face of natural selection is a long-standing question in evolutionary biology.In the bluefin killifish Lucania goodei,male coloration is polymorphic.Males can produce either red or yellow coloration in their anal fins,and both color morphs are present in all springs.These 2 morphs are heritable and how they are maintained in nature is unknown.Here, we tested 2 mechanisms for the maintenance of the red/yellow color morphs.Negative frequency-dependent mating success predicts that rare males have a mating advantage over common males. Spatial variation in fitness predicts that different color morphs have an advantage in different microhabitat types.Using a breeding experiment,we tested these hypotheses by creating populations with different ratios of red to yellow males (5 red:1 yellow;1 red:5 yellow)and determining male mating success on shallow and deep spawning substrates.We found no evidence of negative frequency-dependent mating success.common morphs tended to have higher mating success, and this was particularly so on shallow spawning substrates.However,on deep substrates,red males enjoyed higher mating success than yellow males,particularly so when red males were rare. However,yellow males did not have an advantage at either depth nor when rare.We suggest that preference for red males is expressed in deeper water,possibly due to alterations in the lighting environment.Finally,male pigment levels were correlated with one another and predicted male mating success.Hence,pigmentation plays an important role in male mating success.

关键词： carotenoid color polymorphism environmental heterogeneity melanin negative frequency dependence pterin

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Reconciling concepts, theory, and empirical patterns surrounding cascade reinforcement

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current Zoology 2016年第2期62卷 131-134页

作者： rebecca c. fuller Department of Animal Biology University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA

Reinforcement is a critically important process in speciation. It has been credited with often completing speciation, and it is unique in that natural selection directly favors the evolution of reproductive isolating barriers. Reinforcement occurs when selection favors increased prezygotic isolation between two lineages in order to avoid maladaptive hybridization in areas of sympatry (Noor 1999; Servedio and Noor 2003; coyne and Orr 2004). The classic signature of reinforcement is reproductive character displacement (RcD), where prezygotic isolation is heightened between two lineages in areas of sympatry relative to areas of allopatry. Reinforcement was once considered controversial primarily due to theoretical difficulties (Felsenstein 1981; Spencer et al. 1986; reviewed in Noor 1999, and coyne and Orr, 2004). However, a wealth of empirical cases demonstrating reinforcement along with renewed theoretical treatments of the process of reinforcement (Liou and Price 1994; Kelly and Noor 1996; Servedio 2000; Kirkpatrick and Ravigne 2002) has led to the conclusion that reinforcement can and does occur in nature. One consequence of reinforcement is that—by altering reproductive isolating traits—reinforcement may also lead to prezygotic isolation among populations within species. Hence, like ecological and sexual selection, reinforcement can have incidental effects upon reproductive isolation (RI). In fact, reinforcement might be particularly likely to have such incidental effects precisely because it alters reproductive isolating traits among species in areas of sympatry.

关键词：调和加固梯级

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Male-driven reproductive and agonistic character displacement in darters and its implications for speciation in allopatry

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current Zoology 2018年第1期64卷 101-113页

作者： Rachel L. MORAN rebecca c. fuller School of Integrative Biology University of Illinois Champaign IL 61820 USA

Selection against hybridization can cause mating traits to diverge between species in sympatry via reproductive character displacement (RcD). Additionally, selection against interspecific fighting can cause aggressive traits to diverge between sympatric species via agonistic character displacement (AcD). By directly affecting conspecific recognition traits, RcD and AcD between species can also incidentally cause divergence in mating and fighting traits among populations within a species [termed cascade RcD (cRcD) and cascade AcD]. Here, we demonstrate patterns consistent with male-driven RcD and AcD in 2 groups of darters (orangethroat darter clade and rainbow darter ). In both groups, males that occur in sympatry (between and ) have higher levels of preference for mating and fighting with conspecifics over heterospecifics than do males from allopatry. This is consistent with RcD and AcD. We also found patterns consistent with cRcD and cascade AcD among species of . males that are sympatric to (but allopatric to one another) also have heightened preferences for mating and fighting with conspecific versus heterospecific In contrast, males that are allopatric to readily mate and fight with heterospecific We suggest that RcD and AcD between and has incidentally led to divergence in mating and fighting traits among species. This study is unique in that male preferences evolve via both RcD (male preference for conspecific females) and AcD (male preference to fight conspecific males) which leads to subsequent divergence among allopatric lineages.

关键词：繁殖特性排水量男性驱动 AcD RcD 战斗交配

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A perspective on sensory drive

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current Zoology 2018年第4期64卷 465-470页

作者： rebecca c. fuller John A. ENDLER Department of Animal Biology School of Integrative Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Champaign IL 61820 USA centre for Integrative Ecology School of Life and Environmental Sciences Deakin University Waurn Ponds VIC 3216 Australia

In 1992,The American Naturalist published a special supplement entitled:“Sensory Drive.Does Sensory Drive Biology Bias or constrain the Direction of Evolution?” organized by John Endler.The supplement contained a seminal paper on “sensory drive” by Endler (1992a) as well as several other well-cited papers on sensory exploitation (Ryan and Keddy-Hector 1992),background matching with respect to motion (Fleishman 1992),chemical cues in mammals and amphibians (Alberts 1992;Roth et al.1992),and the relationship between auditory processing and call properties in frogs (Narins 1992).The paper by Endler was especially important;it has been cited over 1,200 times and has inspired research at many levels of ecology and evolution across diverse taxa and sensory modalities.In this paper and associated ones,Endler laid out the primary components that influence the evolution of signaling systems,placing a large emphasis on the environmental conditions under which signaling occurs (Endler 1992a,1992b,1993).Twenty-five years later,the American Society of Naturalists held a symposium on “25 Years of Sensory Drive” at the 2017 Evolution meetings in Portland,Oregon,organized by Becky fuller.This special column in current Zoology summarizes the work presented there as well as other contributions made for the column.In this editorial,we first review sensory drive and the state of the field when it emerged.We then summarize the work in this special column and suggest fruitful ways forward.

关键词：开车博物学生物学报纸

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Ink-structing the future of vascular tissue engineering:a review of the physiological bioink design

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第2期7卷 181-205页

作者： Judith Synofzik Sebastian Heene rebecca Jonczyk cornelia Blume Institute for Technical chemistry Leibniz University Hannover30167 HannoverGermany

Three-dimensional(3D)printing and bioprinting have come into view for a plannable and standardizable generation of implantable tissue-engineered constructs that can substitute native tissues and organs.These tissue-engineered structures are intended to integrate with the patient’s body.Vascular tissue engineering(TE)is relevant in TE because it supports the sustained oxygenization and nutrition of all tissue-engineered constructs.Bioinks have a specific role,representingthenecessarymedium for printability and vascular cell growth.This review aims to understand the requirements for the design of vascular bioinks.First,an in-depth analysis of vascular cell interaction with their native environment must be gained.A physiological bioink suitable for a tissue-engineered vascular graft(TEVG)must not only ensure good printability but also induce cells to behave like in a native vascular vessel,including self-regenerative and growth functions.This review describes the general structure of vascular walls with wall-speciﬁc cell and extracellular matrix(EcM)components and biomechanical properties and functions.Furthermore,the physiological role of vascular EcM components for their interaction with vascular cells and the mode of interaction is introduced.Diverse currently available or imaginable bioinks are described from physiological matrix proteins to nonphysiologically occurring but natural chemical compounds useful for vascular bioprinting.The physiological performance of these bioinks is evaluated with regard to biomechanical properties postprinting,with a view to current animal studies of 3D printed vascular structures.Finally,the main challenges for further bioink development,suitable bioink components to create a self-assembly bioink concept,and future bioprinting strategies are outlined.These concepts are discussed in terms of their suitability to be part of a TEVG with a high potential for later clinical use.

关键词： Vascular wall histology Vascular cells Microenvironment Extracellular matrix cell–matrix interaction Bioink Printability

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The pervasive effects of lighting environments on sensory drive in bluefin killifish： an investigation into male/male competition, female choice, and predation

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current Zoology 2018年第4期64卷 499-512页

作者： Lisa D. MITcHEM Shannon STANIS Nicholas M. SUTTON Zachary TURNER rebecca c. fuller School of Integrative Biology University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Biology University of Virginia Charlottesville VA 22904 USA Department of Mathematics University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA

Sensory drive predicts that the conditions under which signaling takes place have large effects on signals, sensory systems, and behavior. The coupling of an ecological genetics approach with sensory drive has been fruitful. An ecological genetics approach compares populations that experience different environments and asks whether population differences are adaptive and are the result of genetic and/or environmental variation. The multi-faceted effects of signaling environments are well-exemplified by the bluefin killifish. In this system, males with blue anal fins are abundant in tannin-stained swamps that lack UV/blue light but are absent in clear springs where UV/blue light is abundant. Past work indicates that lighting environments shape genetic and environmental variation in color patterns, visual systems, and behavior. Less is known about the selective forces creating the across population correlations between UV/blue light and the abundance of blue males. Here, we present three new experiments that investigate the roles of lighting environments on male competition, female mate choice, and predation. We found strong effects of lighting environments on male competition where blue males were more likely to emerge as dominant in tea-stained water than in clear water. Our preliminary study on predation indicated that blue males may be less susceptible to predation in tea-stained water than in clear water. However, there was little evidence for female preferences favoring blue males. The resulting pattern is one where the effects of lighting environments on genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity match the direction of selection and favor the expression of blue males in swamps.

关键词：男性环境淡水开车竞争小鱼基因变化感觉系统

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Seeing red: color vision in the largemouth bass

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current Zoology 2019年第1期65卷 43-52页

作者： Lisa D. MiTcHEM Shannon Stanis Muchu Zhou Ellis LoEw John M. Epifanio rebecca c. fuller Department of Animal Biology School of Integrative Biology University of Illinois Champaign IL 61820 USA Department of Biomedical Sciences and Section of Physiology College of Veterinary Medicine Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA Illinois Natural History Survey Champaign IL 61820 USA

How animals visually perceive the environment is key to understanding important ecological behaviors, such as predation, foraging, and mating. This study focuses on the visual system properties and visual perception of color in the largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides. This study (1) documents the number and spectral sensitivity of photoreceptors,(2) uses these parameters to model visual perception, and (3) tests the model of color perception using a behavioral assay. Bass possess single cone cells maximally sensitive at 535 nm, twin cone cells maximally sensitive at 614 nm, and rod cells maximally sensitive at 528 nm. A simple model of visual perception predicted that bass should not be able to discern between chartreuse yellow and white nor between green and blue. In contrast, bass should be able to discern red from all achromatic (i.e., gray scale) stimuli. These predictions were partially upheld in behavioral trials. In behavioral trials, bass were first trained to recognize a target color to receive a food reward, and then tested on their ability to differentiate between their target color and a color similar in brightness. Bass trained to red and green could easily discern their training color from all other colors for target colors that were similar in brightness (white and black, respectively). This study shows that bass possess dichromatic vision and do use chromatic (i.e., color) cues in making visual-based decisions.

关键词： bass cones photoreceptors rods vision

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Frequency of the c677T Polymorphism of MTHFR, G20210A of Prothrombin and R506Q of Factor V Leiden in Type 2 Diabetics in Abidjan

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Open Journal of Genetics 2024年第1期14卷 13-25页

作者： N’Guessan-Blao rebecca Yapo Vincent Yayo-Ayé Mireille Adjambri Eusèbe Koné-Koné Fatoumata Sawadogo Duni Hematology and General Biology Unit Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences Department of Biological Sciences Felix Houphouet-Boigny University Abidjan Ivory Coast Laboratory of Biology and Medical Research National Institute of Public Health (INSP) Abidjan Ivory Coast Molecular Biology Unit Center for Diagnosis and Research on AIDS and Other Infectious Diseases (CeDReS) Treichville University Hospital (CHU) Abidjan Ivory Coast

In Africa, the prevalence of diabetes is escalating and remains a concern due to the numerous complications it causes. Vascular damage associated with diabetes leads to a prothrombotic state observed in diabetic individuals. Diabetes is a complex and multifactorial disease involving genetic components. With the aim of preventing complications and contributing to an efficient management of diabetes, we investigated genes likely to lead to a risk of thrombosis, in particular the c677T of MTHFR, G20210A of prothrombin, and R506Q of factor V Leiden in type 2 diabetics in Abidjan receiving ambulatory care. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on consenting type 2 diabetic patients. Mutation detection was carried out using the PcR-RFLP method employing restriction enzymes. Hemostasis tests (fibrinogen, D-dimers, fibrin monomers, and von Willebrand factor) were performed using citrate tubes on the Stage? Star Max automated system. Plasminogen activator inhibitor was assayed by ELISA method, and biochemical parameters were determined using the cOBAS c311. The study population consisted of 45 diabetic patients, 51.1% of whom presented vascular complications, mainly neuropathy. Disturbances in hemostasis parameters were observed, with 15.5% of patients showing an increase in fibrin monomers. Mutation analysis revealed an absence of factor V mutation (factor V Leiden) and of G20210A mutation of the prothrombin gene. However, 15.6% of subjects had a heterozygous c677T mutation of MTHFR, with 57% of them being anemic. The exploration of biological and genetic factors associated with thrombotic risk is of significant interest in the optimal management of African type 2 diabetics.

关键词： Type 2 Diabetes c677T of MTHFR G20210A Factor V Leiden Thrombosis

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Viral hepatitis in 2021:The challenges remaining and how we should tackle them

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第1期28卷 76-95页

作者： rebecca Dunn Aaron Wetten Stuart McPherson Mhairi c Donnelly Gastroenterology University Hospital of North TeesStockton on Tees TS198PEUnited Kingdom Liver Unit Freeman HospitalNewcastle NE77DNUnited Kingdom Translational and clinical Research Institute Newcastle UniversityNewcastle NE17RUUnited Kingdom

Viral hepatitis results in 1.4 million deaths annually.The World Health Organization(WHO)set an ambitious target to eliminate viral hepatitis by 2030,but significant challenges remain.These include inequalities in access to healthcare,reaching at risk populations and providing access to screening and effective treatment.Stigma around viral hepatitis persists and must be addressed.The WHO goal of global elimination by 2030 is a worthy aim,but remains ambitious and the coronavirus 2019 pandemic undoubtedly has set back progress.This review article will focus on hepatitis A to E,highlighting problems that have been resolved in the field over the past decade,those that remain to be resolved and suggest directions for future problem solving and research.

关键词： Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis c Hepatitis D Hepatitis E cOVID-19

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