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Estimated impact of introduction of new diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus

World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第6期12卷 868-882页

作者： Leon de Wit Anna B Zijlmans Doortje Rademaker christiana A Naaktgeboren J Hans DeVries Arie Franx rebecca c painter Bas B van Rijn Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht 3584 EANetherlands Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Gelderse Vallei HospitalEde 6716 RPNetherlands Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Amsterdam University Medical Centers-Location AMCAmsterdam 1105 AZNetherlands Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Amsterdam University Medical Centers–Location AMCAmsterdam 1105 AZNetherlands Department of Endocrinology Amsterdam University Medical Centers–Location AMCAmsterdam 1105 AZNetherlands Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine Erasmus MC Sophia Children HospitalRotterdam 3015 GDNetherlands

BAcKGROUND Implementation of new diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)are still a subject of debate,mostly due to concerns regarding the effects on the number of women diagnosed with GDM and the risk profile of the women newly *** To estimate the impact of the World Health Organization(WHO)2013 criteria compared with the WHO 1999 criteria on the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus as well as to determine the diagnostic accuracy for detecting adverse pregnancy *** We retrospectively analyzed a single center Dutch cohort of 3338 women undergoing a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test where the WHO 1999 criteria to diagnose GDM were clinically *** were categorized into four groups:non-GDM by both criteria,GDM by WHO 1999 only(excluded from GDM),GDM by WHO 2013 only(newly diagnosed)and GDM by both *** compared maternal characteristics,pregnancy outcomes and likelihood ratios for adverse pregnancy *** Retrospectively applying the WHO 2013 criteria increased the cohort incidence by 13.1%,from 19.3%to 32.4%.Discordant diagnoses occurred in 21.3%;4.1%would no longer be labelled as GDM,and 17.2%were newly *** to the non-GDM group,women newly diagnosed were older,had higher rates of obesity,higher diastolic blood pressure and higher rates of caesarean *** infants were more often delivered preterm,large-for-gestational-age and were at higher risk of a 5 min Apgar scorecluded from GDM were older and had similar pregnancy outcomes compared to the non-GDM group,except for higher rates of shoulder dystocia(4.3%vs 1.3%,P=0.015).Positive likelihood ratios for adverse outcomes in all groups were generally low,ranging from 0.54 to *** Applying the WHO 2013 criteria would result in a substantial increase in GDM *** diagnosed women are at increased risk for pregnancy adverse *** risk,however,seems to be lower than those identified by the

关键词： Diagnostic criteria Gestational diabetes Glucose tolerance test Incidence Pregnancy outcome

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Ink-structing the future of vascular tissue engineering:a review of the physiological bioink design

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第2期7卷 181-205页

作者： Judith Synofzik Sebastian Heene rebecca Jonczyk cornelia Blume Institute for Technical chemistry Leibniz University Hannover30167 HannoverGermany

Three-dimensional(3D)printing and bioprinting have come into view for a plannable and standardizable generation of implantable tissue-engineered constructs that can substitute native tissues and *** tissue-engineered structures are intended to integrate with the patient’s *** tissue engineering(TE)is relevant in TE because it supports the sustained oxygenization and nutrition of all tissue-engineered *** have a specific role,representingthenecessarymedium for printability and vascular cell *** review aims to understand the requirements for the design of vascular ***,an in-depth analysis of vascular cell interaction with their native environment must be gained.A physiological bioink suitable for a tissue-engineered vascular graft(TEVG)must not only ensure good printability but also induce cells to behave like in a native vascular vessel,including self-regenerative and growth *** review describes the general structure of vascular walls with wall-speciﬁc cell and extracellular matrix(EcM)components and biomechanical properties and ***,the physiological role of vascular EcM components for their interaction with vascular cells and the mode of interaction is *** currently available or imaginable bioinks are described from physiological matrix proteins to nonphysiologically occurring but natural chemical compounds useful for vascular *** physiological performance of these bioinks is evaluated with regard to biomechanical properties postprinting,with a view to current animal studies of 3D printed vascular ***,the main challenges for further bioink development,suitable bioink components to create a self-assembly bioink concept,and future bioprinting strategies are *** concepts are discussed in terms of their suitability to be part of a TEVG with a high potential for later clinical use.

关键词： Vascular wall histology Vascular cells Microenvironment Extracellular matrix cell–matrix interaction Bioink Printability

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Frequency of the c677T Polymorphism of MTHFR, G20210A of Prothrombin and R506Q of Factor V Leiden in Type 2 Diabetics in Abidjan

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Open Journal of Genetics 2024年第1期14卷 13-25页

作者： N’Guessan-Blao rebecca Yapo Vincent Yayo-Ayé Mireille Adjambri Eusèbe Koné-Koné Fatoumata Sawadogo Duni Hematology and General Biology Unit Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences Department of Biological Sciences Felix Houphouet-Boigny University Abidjan Ivory Coast Laboratory of Biology and Medical Research National Institute of Public Health (INSP) Abidjan Ivory Coast Molecular Biology Unit Center for Diagnosis and Research on AIDS and Other Infectious Diseases (CeDReS) Treichville University Hospital (CHU) Abidjan Ivory Coast

In Africa, the prevalence of diabetes is escalating and remains a concern due to the numerous complications it causes. Vascular damage associated with diabetes leads to a prothrombotic state observed in diabetic individuals. Diabetes is a complex and multifactorial disease involving genetic components. With the aim of preventing complications and contributing to an efficient management of diabetes, we investigated genes likely to lead to a risk of thrombosis, in particular the c677T of MTHFR, G20210A of prothrombin, and R506Q of factor V Leiden in type 2 diabetics in Abidjan receiving ambulatory care. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on consenting type 2 diabetic patients. Mutation detection was carried out using the PcR-RFLP method employing restriction enzymes. Hemostasis tests (fibrinogen, D-dimers, fibrin monomers, and von Willebrand factor) were performed using citrate tubes on the Stage? Star Max automated system. Plasminogen activator inhibitor was assayed by ELISA method, and biochemical parameters were determined using the cOBAS c311. The study population consisted of 45 diabetic patients, 51.1% of whom presented vascular complications, mainly neuropathy. Disturbances in hemostasis parameters were observed, with 15.5% of patients showing an increase in fibrin monomers. Mutation analysis revealed an absence of factor V mutation (factor V Leiden) and of G20210A mutation of the prothrombin gene. However, 15.6% of subjects had a heterozygous c677T mutation of MTHFR, with 57% of them being anemic. The exploration of biological and genetic factors associated with thrombotic risk is of significant interest in the optimal management of African type 2 diabetics.

关键词： Type 2 Diabetes c677T of MTHFR G20210A Factor V Leiden Thrombosis

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Viral hepatitis in 2021:The challenges remaining and how we should tackle them

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第1期28卷 76-95页

作者： rebecca Dunn Aaron Wetten Stuart McPherson Mhairi c Donnelly Gastroenterology University Hospital of North TeesStockton on Tees TS198PEUnited Kingdom Liver Unit Freeman HospitalNewcastle NE77DNUnited Kingdom Translational and clinical Research Institute Newcastle UniversityNewcastle NE17RUUnited Kingdom

Viral hepatitis results in 1.4 million deaths *** World Health Organization(WHO)set an ambitious target to eliminate viral hepatitis by 2030,but significant challenges *** include inequalities in access to healthcare,reaching at risk populations and providing access to screening and effective *** around viral hepatitis persists and must be *** WHO goal of global elimination by 2030 is a worthy aim,but remains ambitious and the coronavirus 2019 pandemic undoubtedly has set back *** review article will focus on hepatitis A to E,highlighting problems that have been resolved in the field over the past decade,those that remain to be resolved and suggest directions for future problem solving and research.

关键词： Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis c Hepatitis D Hepatitis E cOVID-19

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Akt3 promotes cancer stemness in triple-negative breast cancer through YB1-Snail/Slug signaling axis

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第2期10卷 301-306页

作者： Ye Tian Jiang Li Tsz chung cheung Vincent Tam c. Geoffrey Lau Xin Wang Y.rebecca chin Tung Biomedical Sciences centre Department of Biomedical SciencesCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SARChina Department of Neuroscience City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SARChina city University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute ShenzhenGuangdong 518057China Department of Surgery The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong SARChina

Dear Editor,Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBc)is an aggressive breast cancer subtype enriched in cancer stem cells(cScs),which is characterized by high malignancy and drug resistance.1 The PI3K/Akt signaling cascade is frequently hyperactivated in *** and non-redundant functions of the three Akt isoforms in tumorigenesis,however,have not been studied *** is noteworthy that despite a few isoform-specific substrates have been identified for Akt1 and Akt2,an Akt3-specific substrate is yet to be *** have previously shown that overexpression of Akt3,but not Akt1 or Akt2,plays an essential role in TNBc growth and therapeutic resistance of breast cancer.2 However,the role of Akt3 in TNBc cScs remains unclear.

关键词： Akt1 breast Akt3

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Gastrointestinal and liver disease in patients with schizophrenia:A narrative review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第38期28卷 5515-5529页

作者： rebecca K Grant William M Brindle Mhairi c Donnelly Pauline M Mcconville Thomas G Stroud Lorenzo Bandieri John N Plevris The centre for Liver and Digestive Disorders Royal Infirmary of EdinburghEdinburghEH164SAUnited Kingdom General Adult Psychiatry Royal Edinburgh HospitalEdinburghEH105HFUnited Kingdom

Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness which can have a devastating impact onan individual’s quality of life. comorbidities are high amongst patients and lifeexpectancy is approximately 15 years less than the general population. Despite thewell-known increased mortality, little is known about the impact of gastrointestinaland liver disease on patients with schizophrenia. We aimed to reviewthe literature and to make recommendations regarding future care. Literaturesearches were performed on PubMed to identify studies related to gastrointestinaland liver disease in patients with schizophrenia. High rates of chronic liverdisease were reported, with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease being of particularconcern;antipsychotics and metabolic syndrome were contributing factors. Ratesof acute liver failure were low but have been associated with antipsychotic useand paracetamol overdose. coeliac disease has historically been linked to schizophrenia;however, recent research suggests that a causal link is yet to be *** is emerging regarding the relationships between schizophrenia andpeptic ulcer disease, inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome;clinical vigilance regarding these conditions should be high. Patients with schizophreniapoorly engage with bowel cancer screening programmes, leading to latediagnosis and increased mortality. clozapine induced constipation is a significantissue for many patients and requires close monitoring. There is a significantburden of gastrointestinal and liver disease amongst patients with *** levels of support from all members of the medical team are essential toensure that appropriate, timely care is provided.

关键词： Schizophrenia Gastrointestinal disease Liver disease Mental health

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Reconciling concepts, theory, and empirical patterns surrounding cascade reinforcement

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current Zoology 2016年第2期62卷 131-134页

作者： rebecca c. FULLER Department of Animal Biology University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA

Reinforcement is a critically important process in speciation. It has been credited with often completing speciation, and it is unique in that natural selection directly favors the evolution of reproductive isolating barriers. Reinforcement occurs when selection favors increased prezygotic isolation between two lineages in order to avoid maladaptive hybridization in areas of sympatry (Noor 1999; Servedio and Noor 2003; coyne and Orr 2004). The classic signature of reinforcement is reproductive character displacement (RcD), where prezygotic isolation is heightened between two lineages in areas of sympatry relative to areas of allopatry. Reinforcement was once considered controversial primarily due to theoretical difficulties (Felsenstein 1981; Spencer et al. 1986; reviewed in Noor 1999, and coyne and Orr, 2004). However, a wealth of empirical cases demonstrating reinforcement along with renewed theoretical treatments of the process of reinforcement (Liou and Price 1994; Kelly and Noor 1996; Servedio 2000; Kirkpatrick and Ravigne 2002) has led to the conclusion that reinforcement can and does occur in nature. One consequence of reinforcement is that—by altering reproductive isolating traits—reinforcement may also lead to prezygotic isolation among populations within species. Hence, like ecological and sexual selection, reinforcement can have incidental effects upon reproductive isolation (RI). In fact, reinforcement might be particularly likely to have such incidental effects precisely because it alters reproductive isolating traits among species in areas of sympatry.

关键词：调和加固梯级

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Associations of self-reported and device-assessed physical activity with fatigue,quality of life,and sleep quality in adults living with and beyond cancer

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第6期12卷 664-673,F0003页

作者： Phillippa Lally Natalie Ella Miller claire Lawrence rebecca J Beeken Abigail Fisher Department of Behavioural Science and Health University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK Department of Psychology University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK Leeds Institute of Health Sciences Leeds LS29NLUK

Background Greater physical activity is associated with improved outcomes in people living with and beyond ***,most studies in exercise oncology use self-reported measures of physical *** have explored agreement between self-reported and device-based measures of physical activity in people living with and beyond *** study aimed to describe physical activity in adults affected by cancer across self-reported and device-assessed activity,to explore levels of agreement between these measures in terms of their utility for categorizing participants as meeting/not meeting physical activity guidelines,and to explore whether meeting guidelines is associated with fatigue,quality of life,and sleep *** A total of 1348 adults living with and beyond cancer from the Advancing Survivorship cancer Outcomes Trial completed a survey assessing fatigue,quality of life,sleep quality,and physical *** Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to calculate a Leisure Score Index(LSI)and an estimate of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA).Average daily steps and weekly aerobic steps were derived from pedometers worn by *** The percentage of individuals meeting physical activity guidelines was 44.3%using LSI,49.5%using MVPA,10.8%using average daily steps,and 28.5%using weekly aerobic ***(cohen'sκ)between self-reported and pedometer measures ranged from 0.13(LSI *** daily steps)to 0.60(LSI ***).After adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related covariates,meeting activity guidelines using all measures was associated with not experiencing severe fatigue(odds ratios(ORs):1.43–1.97).Meeting guidelines using MVPA was associated with no quality-of-life issues(OR=1.53).Meeting guidelines using both self-reported measures were associated with good sleep quality(ORs:1.33–1.40).conclusion Less than half of all adults affected by cancer are meeting physical activity guidelines,

关键词： cancer survivorship Fatigue Physical activity Quality of life SleepTagedAPTARAEnd

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Male-driven reproductive and agonistic character displacement in darters and its implications for speciation in allopatry

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current Zoology 2018年第1期64卷 101-113页

作者： Rachel L. MORAN rebecca c. FULLER School of Integrative Biology University of Illinois Champaign IL 61820 USA

Selection against hybridization can cause mating traits to diverge between species in sympatry via reproductive character displacement (RcD). Additionally, selection against interspecific fighting can cause aggressive traits to diverge between sympatric species via agonistic character displacement (AcD). By directly affecting conspecific recognition traits, RcD and AcD between species can also incidentally cause divergence in mating and fighting traits among populations within a species [termed cascade RcD (cRcD) and cascade AcD]. Here, we demonstrate patterns consistent with male-driven RcD and AcD in 2 groups of darters (orangethroat darter clade and rainbow darter ). In both groups, males that occur in sympatry (between and ) have higher levels of preference for mating and fighting with conspecifics over heterospecifics than do males from allopatry. This is consistent with RcD and AcD. We also found patterns consistent with cRcD and cascade AcD among species of . males that are sympatric to (but allopatric to one another) also have heightened preferences for mating and fighting with conspecific versus heterospecific In contrast, males that are allopatric to readily mate and fight with heterospecific We suggest that RcD and AcD between and has incidentally led to divergence in mating and fighting traits among species. This study is unique in that male preferences evolve via both RcD (male preference for conspecific females) and AcD (male preference to fight conspecific males) which leads to subsequent divergence among allopatric lineages.

关键词：繁殖特性排水量男性驱动 AcD RcD 战斗交配

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Sterile signals generate weaker and delayed macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome responses relative to microbial signals

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第1期14卷 118-126页

作者： Jelena S Bezbradica rebecca c coll Kate Schroder Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB) IMB Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre The University of Queensland Brisbane St Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia

Inflammation is the host response to microbial infection or sterile injury that aims to eliminate the insult, repair the tissue and restore homeostasis. Macrophages and the NLRP3 inflammasome are key sentinels for both types of insult. Although it is well established that the NLRP3 inflammasome is activated by microbial products and molecules released during sterile injury, it is unclear whether the responses elicited by these different types of signals are distinct. In this study, we used lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor as prototypical microbial and sterile signal 1 stimuli, respectively, to prime the NLRP3 inflammasome. We then used the bacterial toxin nigericin and a common product released from necrotic cells, ATP, as prototypical microbial and sterile signal 2 stimuli, respectively, to trigger the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome complex in mouse and human macrophages. We found that NLRP3 inflammasome responses were weakest when both signal 1 and signal 2 were sterile, but responses were faster and stronger when at least one of the two signals was microbial. Ultimately, the most rapid and potent responses were elicited when both signals were microbial. Together, these data suggest that microbial versus sterile signals are distinct, both kinetically and in magnitude, in their ability to generate inflammasome-dependent responses. This hierarchy of NLRP3 responses to sterile versus microbial stimuli likely reflects the urgent need for the immune system to respond rapidly to the presence of infection to halt pathogen dissemination.

关键词： inflammasome NLRP3 sterile inflammation TNF

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