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Identification of sumoylated targets in proliferating mouse spermatogonia and human testicular seminomas

Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第6期22卷 569-577页

作者： Margarita Vigodner Benjamin Lucas Stav Kemeny Tamar Schwartz rebecca Levy Department of Biology Stern CollegeYeshiva UniversityNew YorkNY 10016USA Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNY 10461USA

Spermatogenesis is regulated by a complex network of posttranslation ***(a modification by small ubiquiti like modifiers,or SUMO proteins)was identified as an importa nt cellular event in d iff ere nt cell *** proteins are highly expressed in the testis,and their role during spermatogenesis has begun to be *** the important role of sumoylation in the regulation of mitosis and cancer progress!on in other tissues,the aim of the current study was to identify the targets of SUMO in proliferating mouse spermatog onia and huma n semi noma tissues and to in itially exami ne the level of sumoylation in relation to the proliferative activity of the *** freshly purified spermatogonia and Cl8-4 spermatogonia cell line,mass spectrometry analysis identified several SUMO targets implicated into the proliferation of spermatogonia(such as heat shock protein 60[HSP60]and prohibitin).Tissue array and western blot approaches showed that SUMO expression is a prominent feature of human seminomas and that the proliferative activity of the tumor tissues was positively correlated with the level of SUMO *** regulation of sumoylati on with si-RNA was not sufficie nt to sign ificantly affect the proliferation of C18-4 spermatogonia;however,SUMO overexpression in creased the proliferation rate of the *** data suggest that cells are more sensitive to an elevated level of SUMO,and that this situation may lead to an upregulated cellular proliferation and,possibly,*** spectrometry analysis identified around a hundred SUMO targets in seminoma ***,many of the identified proteins(such as proliferating cell nuclear antigen[PCNA],DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha[Top2A],prohibitin,14-3-3 protein,and others)were implicated in oncogenic transformation and cancer progression.

关键词： proliferation seminoma spermatog onia sumoylation

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Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma:A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第40期28卷 5827-5844页

作者： Luis Fernando Calimano-Ramirez Taher Daoud Dheeraj Reddy Gopireddy Ajaykumar C Morani rebecca Waters Kazim Gumus Albert Russell Klekers Priya R Bhosale Mayur K Virarkar Department of Radiology University of Florida College of Medicine JacksonvilleJacksonvilleFL 32209United States Department of Diagnostic Radiology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Diagnostic Radiology University of Florida College of Medicine JacksonvilleJacksonvilleFL 32209United States Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Research and Diagnostic Radiology University of Florida College of Medicine JacksonvilleJacksonvilleFL 32209United States

Acinar cell carcinoma(ACC)is a rare pancreatic malignancy with distinctive clinical,molecular,and morphological *** long-term survival of ACC patients is substantially superior to that of pancreatic adenocarcinoma *** there are no significant patient series about ACCs,our understanding of this illness is mainly based on case reports and limited patient *** resection is the treatment of choice for patients with the disease restricted to one organ;however,with recent breakthroughs in precision medicine,medicines targeting the one-of-a-kind molecular profile of ACC are on the *** are no standard treatment protocols available for people in which a total surgical resection to cure the condition is not *** a result of shared genetic alterations,ACCs are chemosensitive to agents with activity against pancreatic adenocarcinomas and colorectal *** role of neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemoradiotherapy has not been *** article aims to do a comprehensive literature study and present the most recent information on acinar cell cancer.

关键词： Acinar cell carcinoma Pancreas Imaging Immunohistochemical stains Molecular features Surgery Chemotherapy

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Relative Contributions of Spectral and Temporal Cues for Speech Recognition in Patients with Sensorineural Hearing Loss

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Journal of Otology 2008年第2期3卷 84-91页

作者： rebecca Brashears Katherine Rife School of Hearing Speech and Language Sciences Ohio UniversityAthens Ohio 45701 USA

The present study was designed to examine speech recognition in patients with sensorineural hearing loss when the temporal and spectral information in the speech signals were co-varied. Four subjects with mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss were recruited to participate in consonant and vowel recognition tests that used speech stimuli processed through a noise-excited vocoder. The number of channels was varied between 2 and 32, which defined spectral information. The lowpass cutoff frequency of the temporal envelope extractor was varied from 1 to 512 Hz, which defined temporal information. Results indicate that performance of subjects with sen-sorineural hearing loss varied tremendously among the subjects. For consonant recognition, patterns of relative contributions of spectral and temporal information were similar to those in normal-hearing subjects. The utility of temporal envelope information appeared to be normal in the hearing-impaired listeners. For vowel recognition, which depended predominately on spectral information, the performance plateau was achieved with numbers of channels as high as 16-24, much higher than expected, given that the frequency selectivity in patients with sensorineural hearing loss might be compromised. In order to understand the mechanisms on how hearing-impaired listeners utilize spectral and temporal cues for speech recognition, future studies that involve a large sample of patients with sensorineural hearing loss will be necessary to elucidate the relationship between frequency selectivity as well as central processing capability and speech recognition performance using vocoded signals.

关键词： spectral temporal speech recognition hearing loss

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Barriers to vaccination for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)control:experience from the United States

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Global Health Journal 2021年第1期5卷 51-55页

作者： rebecca J.Fisk Department of Epidemiology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32610USA

To date,the United States(U.S.)has been the most heavily impacted country by the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).By November 30,2020,when this paper was written,13.5 million cases were reported in the *** over 268000 ***,vaccines have been one of the most effective and efficient technical tools for controlling a communicable *** the development of these vaccines has certainly been a challenge,it could be more challenging to achieve robust vaccine uptake because of many *** this review,we focused on two types of barriers documented from long-term experience in the U.S.:structural and *** barriers are systemic issues that impact one's ability to access a service,and they include time,transportation,cost,and clinic or outlet location;while attitudinal barriers are beliefs or perceptions that impact the willingness of at-risk individuals to seek out and/or accept a *** the context of vaccination they include beliefs about the communicable disease,beliefs about vaccines,fear,and trust in healthcare and governmental *** the attitudinal barriers,public trust is a barrier that is of particular *** addition to affecting reception of vaccines,it may exacerbate disparities and reduce the likelihood of success of a vaccination *** are made to overcome attitudinal barriers to help improve the effectiveness of vaccination programs for COVID-19 control in the U.S.,such as building public support through bipartisan endorsements and leveraging social media platforms to promote vaccination.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) Structural barriers Attitudinal barriers Vaccination The United States

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Buyer Search and the Role of Broker in an Emerging Housing Market:A Case Study of Guangzhou

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2006年第6期11卷 675-685页

作者：郑思齐刘洪玉 rebecca Lee Institute of Real Estate Studies Tsinghua University Menlo College 1000 El Camino RealAthertonCA 94207USA

This paper examines homebuyer＇s search process and the role of real estate broker in China＇s urban housing market, where inactive housing resale transactions and an immature brokerage industry are distinct characteristics. Guangzhou is used as a case study to model the intensity and duration of the search process. This study finds that buyers make trade-off between two search costs, activity cost and duration cost. The study also demonstrates that despite the industry＇s immature nature, buyers using brokers do increase search intensity and shorten search duration by reducing the activity cost. Empirical results show that there is no specific buyer group who can effectively lower their search cost by their own efforts, due to the poor information transparency in the current housing market. The broker-choice model shows that besides search cost, buyers＇ confidence in broker＇s service quality can also greatly influence their choice, so improvement in service quality and reputation has important implications for China＇s brokerage industry.

关键词： search duration search intensity real estate broker information cost housing market

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Biomarkers in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma:Predictors of progression and prognosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第45期16卷 5669-5681页

作者： Chin-Ann J Ong Pierre Lao-Sirieix rebecca C Fitzgerald MRC Cancer Cell Unit Hutchison-MRC Research CentreCambridgeCB20XZUnited Kingdom

Barrett’s esophagus is a well-known premalignant lesion of the lower esophagus that is characterized by intestinal metaplasia of the squamous epithelium. It is clinically important due to the increased risk (0.5% per annum) of progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA), which has a poor outcome unless diagnosed early. The current clinical management of Barrett’s esophagus is hampered by the lack of accurate predictors of progression. In addition, when patients develop EA, the current staging modalities are limited in stratifying patients into different prognostic groups in order to guide the optimal therapy for an individual patient. Biomarkers have the potential to improve radically the clinical management of patients with Barrett’s esophagus and EA but have not yet entered mainstream clinical practice. This is in contrast to other cancers like breast and prostate for which biomarkers are utilized routinely to inform clinical decisions. This review aims to highlight the most promising predictive and prognostic biomarkers in Barrett’s esophagus and EA and to discuss what is required to move the field forward towards clinical application.

关键词： Barrett’s esophagus Esophageal adenocar cinoma Esophageal dysplasia Prognosis

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Birds of the Kangchenjunga Landscape,the Eastern Himalaya:status,threats and implications for conservation

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Avian Research 2018年第4期9卷 381-393页

作者： Pratikshya Kandel Ishana Thapa Nakul Chettri rebecca Pradhan Eklabya Sharma International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development GPO Box 3226KathmanduNepal Bird Conservation Nepal KathmanduNepal Royal Society for Protection of Nature(RSPN) ThimphuBhutan

Birds are reliable and widely used indicators for conservation planning and monitoring. We reviewed birds of the Kangchenjunga Landscape, a transboundary complex shared by Bhutan, India and Nepal in the Eastern Himalaya. Using 119 literature, we analyzed the bird survey efforts in the landscape, their taxonomic representation, global threat status, distribution patterns, and habitat preferences. We also discussed the potential threats and conservation challenges and documented current conservation efforts and government policies. Most of the bird surveys are carried out in India followed by Nepal and Bhutan. A total of 618 bird species belonging to 19 orders and 77 families are recorded. Passeriformes is the dominant order that constitutes 62% of the total records listed from the landscape. Among the families, Muscicapidae is the most common and diversely represented family. There are 41 species of birds that are categorized as threatened under IUCN Red List. Of the total birds occurring in the landscape, the highest number of bird species(95%) was documented from India, followed by Nepal(55%) and Bhutan(34%). Of them, 24% of the species were found to occur in the tropical zone. Forested habitat is widely used by 63% of the total species followed by wetlands(16%). Despite promising policies and legal provisions, the landscape faces numerous challenges including habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting and trapping, unsustainable extraction of natural resources, invasive alien species, unregulated tourism and global climate change. We suggest protection and management of birds through strengthening Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas, reduction in forest encroachment and habitat destruction, conservation awareness programmes and comprehensive bird surveys with long term monitoring to assess the impact of environmental change as some of the approaches to conserve the rich avifaunal diversity of the landscape.

关键词： Avifauna Transboundary landscape Nepal India Bhutan Biodiversity Conservation

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Biofumigation: An alternative strategy for the control of plant parasitic nematodes

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第7期19卷 1680-1690页

作者： rebecca Jean Barnes BRENNAN Samantha GLAZE-CORCORAN Robert WICK Masoud HASHEMI University of Massachusetts Amherst Cranberry Station East WarehamMassachusetts 02538USA Stockbridge School of Agriculture University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMA 01003USA

Plant-parasitic nematodes wreak havoc on the yield and quality of crops *** from these pests is estimated to exceed US$100 bllion annually but is likely higher due to *** damage may be catastrophic,but historically the solution has been damaging as *** of the synthetic nematicide methyl bromide(MBr)poses risks to the environment and to human ***,the use of plant material and naturally produced compounds to control pests,is an increasingly feasible method of pest *** process acts through the growth or incorporation of plant material into the soil,that,over the course of its degradation,releases glucosinolates that break down into nematotoxic *** secondary plant metabolites exist naturally in commonly grown plants,most of which belong to the Brassicaceae *** endeavors have increasingly explored the potential of *** reaction of target pests,the selection of biofumigant,and ideal environments for efficacy continue to be *** review seeks to provide a cost and benefit assessment of the status of biofumigation for the control of plant-parasitic nematodes as an alternative to conventional methyl bromide usage.

关键词： biofumigation plant-parasitic nematode Brassicaceae isothiocyanate methyl bromide

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Aetiology of extracranial carotid free-floating thrombus in a prospective multicentre cohort

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2023年第3期8卷 194-196,I0005页

作者： Dar Dowlatshahi Cheemun Lum Bijoy K Menon Aditya Bharatha Prasham Dave Paulo Puac-Polanco Dylan Blacquiere Grant Stotts Michel Shamy Franco Momoli rebecca Thornhill Ronda Lun Carlos Torres Department of Medicine University of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada Clinical Epidemiology Ottawa Hospital Research InstituteOttawaOntarioCanada School of Epidemiology and Public Health University of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada Department of Radiology University of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada Departments of Clinical Neurosciences Radiology and Community Health SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada Department of Medical Imaging University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada Medicine Queen's UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada

Background Carotid free-floating thrombi(FFT)in patients with acute transient ischaemic attack(TIA)/stroke have a high risk of early recurrent *** depends on aetiology,which can include local plaque rupture,dissection,coagulopathy,malignancy and *** objectives were to classify the underlying aetiology of FFT and to estimate the proportion of patients with underlying stenosis requiring *** We prospectively enrolled consecutive patients presenting to three comprehensive stroke centres with acute TIA/stroke and ipsilateral internal carotid artery *** aetiology of FFT was classified as:carotid atherosclerotic disease,carotid dissection,cardioembolism,both carotid atherosclerosis and cardioembolism,or embolic stroke of uncertain source(ESUS).Patients with carotid atherosclerosis were further subclassified as having≥50%orerosclerotic plaque,4/83(4.8%)had a carotid dissection,10/83(12%)had both atrial fibrillation and carotid atherosclerotic plaque and 3/83(3.6%)were classified as *** the 76 patients with atherosclerotic plaque(including those with atrial fibrillation),40(52.6%)had≥50%ipsilateral *** The majority of symptomatic carotid artery FFT are likely caused by local plaque rupture,more than half of which are associated with moderate to severe carotid stenosis requiring ***,a significant number of FFTs are caused by non-atherosclerotic mechanisms warranting additional investigations.

关键词： carotid prospective floating

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Economic Assessment of Selected Regulatory Ecosystem Services (RES) in the Elgeyo and Nyambene Watersheds Ecosystems in Kenya

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Open Journal of Forestry 2023年第2期13卷 200-224页

作者： Justus E. eregae Paul Njogu rebecca Karanja Moses Gichua Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology (IEET) of JKUAT Nairobi Kenya Plant and Biological Sciences Department Kenyatta University (KU) Nairobi Kenya Botany Department Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya

Evidence of increased valuation of ecosystem services (ES) globally is significant. However, most of these studies focus on marketed subsets of ES at national and international levels. Ecosystems differ in spatial scale, biophysical and ecological structure, and functionality. This requires conducting studies at the local level to understand how, for example, the watershed ecosystem contributes to humanity locally and nationally. This study focuses on selected regulatory ecosystem services (RES) in Kenya’s catchment area ecosystems (Elgeyo and Nyambene). Field-based sampling and Landsat imagery with secondary information were used to generate biophysical and ecological data. The study used market price-based, cost-based, and unit transfer methods for RES valuation. The study estimates the total value of the six selected regulatory ecosystem services (RES) at KES 41.4 billion (US$386.7 million) and KES 14.73 billion (US$137.71 million) for Elgeyo and Nyambene, respectively. This equates to KES 1.64 million (US$15,331.19) and KES 2.72 million (US$25,375) per hectare per year. Extrapolating the study estimates to the national level, the country’s regulatory ecosystem services would range from US$18.4 billion to US$30.45 billion annually. This equates to between 16.7% and 27.7% of Kenya’s GDP in 2021, underscoring the importance of watersheds to the national economy.

关键词： Ecosystem Services Regulatory Ecosystem Services Market Pricing Cost-Based Technique Per Capita GDP

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