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Variation of Trapping Strength with Size and Number of Particles in a Single Trap

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Optics and Photonics Journal 2013年第2期3卷 178-183页

作者： Jitendra Bhatt Sachin Bhatt Shaival Buch ravindra pratap singh Saiyed Nisar Ali Jaaffrey Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani - K K Birla Goa Campus Goa India Department of Physics University College of Science Mohan Lal Sukhadia University Udaipur India Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati India Theoretical Physics Division Physical Research Laboratory Ahmedabad India

Optical tweezers use the radiation pressure to trap and manipulate the microscopic particles. Using various algorithms multiple traps are being formed which can trap a number of particles simultaneously. In contrast to multiple traps, many particles can be trapped at a single trap position. It is known that when two or more particles are trapped in a single trap they align themselves in axial direction and it appears as if only one particle is trapped. We present a study of the dependence of the optical trapping force on the number of particles in a single trap using equipartition method;the study was carried out for particles of different sizes. The trapping force was first found to increase then decrease with number of particles in trap for all particle sizes. We feel that our studies will be useful in applications of optical tweezers involving trapping of multiple particles in a single trap.

关键词： Optical Tweezers Multiple Particles Trapping Strength

A Novel Multi-objective Protection Coordination Scheme for a Microgrid with Optimal Deployment of Dual-setting ROCOV Based Relays

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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2024年第4期9卷 23-38页

作者： Praveen Kumar Gupta Priyanshul Niranjan Niraj Kumar Choudhary Nitin singh ravindra Kumar singh the Department of Electrical Engineering Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology AllahabadPrayagraj 211004India

Relay coordination is crucial in electrical power systems to protect against malfunctions and damage caused by unexpected events like short *** address the challenge associated with the reverse direction of fault current,dual-setting(DS)directional over-current relays have evolved but failed to provide proper coordination during changes of load,generation,and *** the meantime,with the increasing number of DS relays,the total relay operating time tends to ***,this paper proposes a protection scheme based on the optimal deployment of conventional and dual-setting rate of change of voltage(DS-ROCOV)relays in distribution *** holds true for varying network topologies and is unaffected by variations in load and *** objective of the proposed scheme is to ensure reliable and efficient protection against faults in distribution systems by minimizing the overall operating time with the optimal number of DS-ROCOV *** proposed protection scheme’s performance is evaluated for different coordination time interval values as well as in different microgrid *** paper outlines the design and implementation of the proposed protection scheme which is validated on the modified IEEE 14-bus system using simulations in Matlab/Simulink.

关键词： Coordination time interval DS-ROCOV relay multi-objective optimization optimal-deployment protection coordination

Comparative study of thulium fiber laser versus holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser for ureteric stone management with semi-rigid ureteroscopy: A prospective, single-center study

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第3期11卷 460-465页

作者： Ankit Gupta Arvind P.Ganpule Ankush Puri Abhishek G.singh ravindra B.Sabnis Mahesh R.Desai Muljibhai Patel Urological Hospital NadiadGujaratIndia

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of thulium fiber laser(TFL)and holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet(Ho:YAG)laser for ureteric stone management with semi-rigid ***:In a prospective study from January 2020 to December 2021,we compared 40 patients in each group who underwent semi-rigid ureteroscopic lithotripsy with TFL and that with Ho:YAG *** volume,stone density,stone fragmentation rates,total lasing time,total operative time,endoscopic vision,retropulsion and stone free rates were analyzed in both groups and ***:Mean stone volume was comparable in the TFL group and the Ho:YAG laser group(282.45[standard deviation,SD 139.79]mm3 vs.279.49[SD 312.52]mm3;p=0.964).Mean stone density was also comparable in the TFL group and the Ho:YAG laser group(1135.30[SD 317.04]Hounsfield unit vs.1131.75[SD 283.03]Hounsfield unit;p=0.959).The mean stone fragmentation rates calculated as stone volume divided by lasing time were 25.85(SD 10.61)mm3/min and 21.37(SD 14.13)mm3/min in the TFL group and the Ho:YAG laser group,respectively(p=0.113).The mean total lasing time(10.15[SD]4.69 min vs.11.43[SD 4.56]min;p=0.222),mean operative time(25.13[SD 9.51]min vs.25.54[SD 10.32]min;p=0.866),and mean total hospital stay(2.62[SD 0.77]days vs.2.61[SD 0.84]days;p=0.893)were comparable in the TFL group and in the Ho:YAG *** vision was better and retropulsion was less in the TFL *** stone-free rate at 1 month postoperatively was slightly better in the TFL group(100%vs.90%;p=0.095).

关键词： Laser Stone Urolithiasis Thulium Holmium

Long-term outcomes of urethral balloon dilation for anterior urethral stricture: A prospective cohort study

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第3期11卷 480-485页

作者： Ahmed M.Abdel Gawad Abhijit Patil Abhishek singh Arvind P.Ganpule ravindra B.Sabnis Mahesh R.Desai Department of Urology Muljibhai Patel Urological HospitalNadiadIndia Department of Urology Faculty of MedicineAl-Azhar UniversityDamiettaEgypt

Objective:To prospectively follow up a cohort of anterior urethral stricture disease patients managed with balloon dilation(BD)for 3 years to evaluate the long-term outcomes and to study factors that contribute to ***:This study included men who had urethral BD for significant anterior urethral stricture disease between January 2017 and March *** about the patient age,stricture characteristics,and recurrence date were recorded,along with information on postoperative indwelling catheter use and operative ***,information about the self-calibration procedure was collected and where available,free flow(FF)measurements during the follow-up period were recorded and *** was defined as a lack of symptoms and acceptable FF rates(maximum flow rate>12 mL/s).Results:The final analysis was conducted on 187 *** mean follow-up period was 37 *** long-term overall success rate at the end of our study was 66.8%.Our recurrence rate was 7.4%at 12 months,24.7%at 24 months,and reached 33.2%at the end of our *** time to recurrence ranged from 91 days to 1635 days,with a mean of 670 *** stricture-free survival was significantly shorter with lengthy peno-bulbar(p=0.031)and multiple strictures(p=0.015),and in the group of patients who were not committed to self-calibration protocol(p<0.011).However,post-procedural self-calibration was the most important factor that may have decreased the incidence of recurrence(odds ratioZ5.85).Adjuvant self-calibration after BD not only reduced the recurrence rate from 85.4%in the non-self-calibration group to 15.1%in the self-calibration one(p<0.001),but also improved the overall stricture-free survival and FF parameters.

关键词： Balloon dilation Internal urethrotomy Recurrence Self-calibration Urethral stricture

Controlling the Flow of Microscopic Particles—The Role of Beam Size

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Coordination of dual setting overcurrent relays in microgrid with optimally determined relay characteristics for dual operating modes

Optics and Photonics Journal（光学与光子学期刊） 2012年第4期

作者： Jitendra Bhatt Ashok Kumar Saiyed Nisar Ali Jaaffrey ravindra pratap singh

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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2022年第1期7卷 64-81页

作者： Raghvendra Tiwari ravindra Kumar singh Niraj Kumar Choudhary Electrical Engineering Department MNNITAllahabadPayagrajUPIndia

Fault current magnitude in a microgrid depends upon its mode of operation,namely,grid-connected mode or islanded *** on the type of fault in a given mode,separate protection schemes are generally *** the change in microgrid operating mode,the protection scheme needs to be modified which is uneconomical and time *** this paper,a novel optimal protection coordination scheme is proposed,one which enables a common optimal relay setting which is valid in both operating modes of the *** this con-text,a common optimal protection scheme is introduced for dual setting directional overcurrent relays(DOCRs)using a combination of various standard relay *** with the two variables,i.e.,time multiplier setting(TMS)and plug setting(PS)for conventional directional overcurrent relay,dual setting DOCRs are augmented with a third variable of relay characteristics identifier(RCI),which is responsible for selecting optimal relay characteristics from the standard relay characteristics according to the IEC-60255 *** relay coordination problem is formulated as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming(MINLP)problem,and the settings of relays are optimally determined using the genetic algorithm(GA)and the grey wolf optimization(GWO)*** validate the superiority of the pro-posed protection scheme,the distribution parts of the IEEE-14 and IEEE-30 bus benchmark systems are considered.

关键词： Plug setting Time multiplier setting Protection coordination Overcurrent relay Coordination time interval

Elemental variations in glacier cryoconites of Indian Himalaya and Spitsbergen,Arctic

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第6期8卷 1339-1347页

作者： Shiv Mohan singh Kumar Avinash Parmanand Sharma ravindra Uttam Mulik Ajay Kumar Upadhyay Rasik ravindra Earth System Science Organisation National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean ResearchHeadland SadaGoa403804India National Research Centre for Grapes Pune412307India Ministry of Earth Sciences Prithvi BhavanIMD CampusOpp.India Habitat CentreLodi RoadNew Delhi110003India

Cryoconite samples were collected from two different climatic domains i.e.,the Sutri Dhaka glacier,western Himalaya India and Svalbard glaciers,the Spitsbergen,Arctic,to understand the elemental source and elemental deposition *** data of geochemical analysis suggest that the Himalayan cryoconite samples accumulate higher concentrations as compared to the cryoconite samples of the Arctic *** concentration of lithophile elements(Cs,Li,Rb and U)was recorded higher in the cryoconite holes of the Himalayas,especially,in the lower to the higher parts of the glacier,whereas,lower concentrations were recorded in the Arctic *** elements in the Himalayan cryoconites are enriched in As and Bi while the Arctic cryoconite samples show a higher concentration of Bi,Pb and *** higher concentrations are responsible for influencing the ecosystem and in human health related *** elements(Co,Fe,Mn and Ni)show high concentrations in the Himalayan samples,whereas,the Arctic samples show minor variations and low elemental concentration in these elements,*** addition,a few elements,such as Ag,Mg,and Ca show higher concentration in the Himalayan glacier *** also occurs in high concentrations in Arctic glacier samples.R-mode factor analysis of the Himalayas(Arctic)samples indicate that the elements are distributed in four(three)factors,explaining 89%(90%)of the variance in their elemental *** Factor 1 suggests statistically significant positive loadings for most of the lithophile,chalcophile and siderophile elements of the "Himalayan" and the Arctic cryoconite *** sample-wise factor score distribution shows a considerable variation in the sampling locations along the glaciers of both the *** 2 and 3,demonstrate insignificant loading for most of the elements,except statistically significant positive loading in some of the elements of the both,Himalayan and Arctic "cryoconites".The higher el

关键词： Cryoconite Elemental concentration Factor analyses Himalaya Spitsbergen

Desulfurization of dibenzothiophene(DBT) by a novel strain Lysinibacillus sphaericus DMT-7 isolated from diesel contaminated soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第6期23卷 975-982页

作者： Ashutosh Bahuguna Madhuri K.Lily Ashok Munjal ravindra N.singh Koushalya Dangwal Department of Biotechnology Modern Institute of Technology(MIT)DhalwalaRishikesh 249201UttarakhandIndia Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology Banasthali UniversityBanasthali 304022RajasthanIndia Department of Biochemistry S.B.S.P.G.Institute of Biomedical Sciences and ResearchBalawalaDehradun 248001UttarakhandIndia

A new bacterial strain DMT-7 capable of selectively desulfurizing dibenzothiophene（DBT） was isolated from diesel contaminated *** DMT-7 was characterized and identified as Lysinibacillus sphaericus DMT-7（NCBI GenBank Accession ***496620） using 16S rDNA gene sequence *** desulfurized product of DBT,2-hydroxybiphenyl（2HBP）,was identified and confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography analysis and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis *** desulfurization kinetics revealed that DMT-7 started desulfurization of DBT into 2HBP after the lag phase of 24 hr,exponentially increasing the accumulation of 2HBP up to 15 days leading to approximately 60% desulfurization of the ***,further growth resulted into DBT *** induced culture of DMT-7 showed shorter lag phase of 6 hr and early onset of stationary phase within 10 days for desulfurization as compared to that of non-induced culture clearly indicating the inducibility of the desulfurization pathway of *** addition,Lysinibacillus sphaericus DMT-7 also possess the ability to utilize broad range of substrates as sole source of sulfur such as benzothiophene,3,4-benzo DBT,4,6-dimethyl DBT,and 4,6-dibutyl ***,Lysinibacillus sphaericus DMT-7 could serve as model system for efficient biodesulfurization of diesel and petrol.

关键词： biodesulfurization colony forming units .dibenzothiophene high performance liquid chromatography Lysinibacillus sphaericus DMT-7

Enhancement of Urinary Elimination of 3-Bromobenzanthrone Metabolites by Oral Supplementation of Ascorbic Acid in Guinea Pigs

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2004年第4期17卷 390-396页

作者： ravindra P. singh RAJ KHANNA SUBHASH K. KHANNA MUKUL DAS Department of Biochemistry Lucknow University Lucknow-226001Department of Biochemistry Lucknow University Lucknow-226001Food Toxicology Laboratory Industrial Toxicology Research Centre Postal Box No. 80 M. G. Marg Lucknow-226 001 IndiaFood Toxicology Laboratory Industrial Toxicology Research Centre Postal Box No. 80 M. G. Marg Lucknow-226 001 India

Objective 3-Bromobenzanthrone (3-BBA), an anthraquinone intermediate dye, is extensively used in textile industry. Since, our prior studies have shown that 3-BBA caused significant depletion of ascorbic acid (AsA) levels, the effect of exogenous supplementation of AsA on the urinary elimination of 3-BBA metabolites was investigated. Method Guinea pigs were treated with single oral dose of 3-BBA (50 mg/kg b. wt.) in groundnut oil while another group was treated with single oral dose of 3-BBA (50 mg/kg b. wt.) along with 3 day prior and post oral supplementation of AsA. Control groups were either treated with groundnut oil or AsA alone. Urine from individual animals was collected, extracted and analysed on HPTLC. Results The highest elimination of 3-BBA (75 mg) was found to be in 0-24 h urine fraction which decreased to 18 mg and 5 mg in the two subsequent 24 hourly fractions of urine. Exogenous supplementation of AsA increased the total urinary elimination of 3-BBA by almost 77%. A total of 10 fluorescent metabolites excluding the parent compound were eliminated in the urine of guinea pigs treated with 3-BBA. Densitometric scanning of chromatogram showed different peaks at Rf 0.18, 0.22, 0.27, 0.34, 0.40, 0.48, 0.56, 0.66, 0.72, 0.80, and 0.95 which were eliminated and marked as urinary metabolite 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 respectively. AsA not only significantly enhanced the elimination of 3-BBA metabolites but also modified the pattern of metabolites drastically in 0-6 h, 6-24 h and 24-48 h urine fractions. Conclusion These results indicate that AsA may be useful in protecting the toxicity of 3-BBA by fascilitating the urinary metabolite(s) excretion of 3-BBA.

关键词： Ascorbic acid 3-Bromobenzanthrone Metabolites High performance thin layer chromatography