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Sensori-Neural Hearing Loss Client’s Performance with Receiver-In-Canal (RIC) Hearing Aids

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2013年第2期2卷 68-73页

作者： S. G. R. Prakash ravichandran Aparna S. B. Rathna Kumar Tamsekar Madhav Kaki Ashritha Kande Navyatha Ali Yavar Jung National Institute for the Hearing Handicapped Department of Disability Affairs Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment Goverment of India Mumbai India Ali Yavar Jung National Institute for the Hearing Handicapped Southern Regional Centre Department of Disability Affairs Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment Goverment of India Secunderabad India

Background: Individuals fitted with hearing aids complain of the unnatural sound quality of their voice, other internally generated sounds such as chewing and swallowing sounds “hollow”, “muffled” sounds. Receiver-In-Canal hearing aids are favored due to small size, discrete appearance and ability to minimize occlusion. Aim: To compare the performance of Receiver-In-Canal (RIC) to traditional ear tip (ET), ear moulds (EM) fittings using Functional gain measures. Method: Ten subjects with flat moderately severe sensori neural hearing loss participated in the study. Subjective unaided and aided measures for digital BTE hearing aids with ear tip, ear mould or Receiver-In-Canal for pure tones of 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz, 4000 Hz were obtained. Results and Discussion: Higher scores were obtained with Receiver-In-Canal fitting on Functional gain measures. No significant difference between all the three conditions was obtained at low frequencies especially at 500 Hz, as Receiver-In-Canal hearing aids attenuate low frequency sounds automatically when the ear is left open (up to 30 dB less amplification at 500 Hz) especially for hearing in noisy situations. Conclusion: The results suggest that Receiver-In-Canal fittings are an effective means of overcoming the major barriers to the acceptance of amplification and further suggest the clinical importance of subjective measures in measuring aided benefit of open-fit devices in the rehabilitation of person’s with moderately severe to severe SN hearing loss.

关键词： Sensori Neural Hearing Loss RIC Hearing Aids Functional Gain Measures

创伤后脊髓损伤的风险评估指南简明且有据可依

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英国医学杂志中文版 2004年第6期7卷 326-328页

作者： Jim Wardrope G ravichandran Tom Locker 邹德威 Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Trust Sheffield S5 7AU Medical Care Research Unit University of Sheffield Sheffield S1 4DA

在英国，每年约有600～700人发生创伤后急性脊髓损伤。以前发表的数据表明，4％～9％的人对已发生的脊髓损伤并不知晓。如果没有得到充分的治疗，脊髓损伤可能会导致神经退化、功能障碍甚至发生医疗纠纷。

关键词：创伤脊髓损伤风险评估神经退化治疗

A gist of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2013年第6期5卷 102-112页

作者： Ashwin Rammohan Jeswanth Sathyanesan Kamalakannan Rajendran Anbalagan Pitchaimuthu Senthil-Kumar Perumal UP Srinivasan Ravi Ramasamy ravichandran Palaniappan Manoharan Govindan The Institute of Surgical Gastroenterology and Liver Transplantation Centre for GI Bleed Division of HPB Diseases Stanley Medical College Hospital

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) have been recognized as a biologically distinctive tumor type, different from smooth muscle and neural tumors of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). They constitute the majority of gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors of the GIT and are known to be refractory to conventional chemotherapy or radiation. They are defined and diagnosed by the expression of a proto-oncogene protein detected by immunohistochemistry which serves as a crucial diagnostic and therapeutic target. The identification of these mutations has resulted in a better understanding of their oncogenic mechanisms. The remarkable antitumor effects of the molecular inhibitor imatinib have necessitated accurate diagnosis of GIST and their distinction from other gastrointestinal mes-enchymal tumors. Both traditional and minimally invasive surgery are used to remove these tumors with minimal morbidity and excellent perioperative outcomes. The revolutionary use of specific, molecularlytargeted therapies, such as imatinib mesylate, reduces the frequency of disease recurrence when used as an adjuvant following complete resection. Neoadjuvant treatment with these agents appears to stabilize disease in the majority of patients and may reduce the extent of surgical resection required for subsequent complete tumor removal. The important interplay between the molecular genetics of GIST and responses to targeted therapeutics serves as a model for the study of targeted therapies in other solid tumors. This review summarizes our current knowledge and recent advances regarding the histogenesis, pathology, molecular biology, the basis for the novel targeted cancer therapy and current evidence based management of these unique tumors.

关键词： Gastrointestinal stromal tumors c-KIT Imatinib mesylate Surgery Review

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宫颈囊腺癌1例报道

世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2006年第3期2卷 43-44页

作者： Koyfman S.A. Abidi A. ravichandran P. 张旸 Department of Therapeutic Radiology Yale University School of Medicine 367 Cedar St New Haven CT 06510 United States

Background. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the cervix is a rare and aggressive neoplasm for which there are no standardized treatment protocols. Case. A 38-year-old G3P3 Asian female diagnosed with a stage Ib adenoid cystic carcinoma of the cervix with intermediate risk histologic features received a type III hysterectomy in July 2004. She refused external beam radiotherapy, but agreed to be treated with adjuvant vaginal cuff radiation. She has been closely followed and has no evidence of disease to date. Conclusion. Patients with stage Ib adenoid cystic carcinoma of the cervix, especially those with histologic features associated with a higher risk of recurrence, should receive agsive local therapy, following the guidelines established for similarly staged patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix.

关键词：囊腺癌体外照射组织病理学标准治疗方案中等分化全子宫切除术组织学特征阴道口复发风险月

Comparative Study on Decision Tree Techniques for Mobile Call Detail Record

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通讯和计算机（中英文版） 2012年第12期9卷 1331-1335页

作者： Suban ravichandran Vijay Bhanu Srinivasan Chandrasekaran Ramasamy Department of Computer Science & Engineering Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar 608002 India

Every mobile operator of today"s world switches their technology over from 2G (second generation) to 3G (third generation) network. Operators are keen analyzing their CDR (call detail record) obtained over the past usage for predicting the behavior of their customers and their usage. The operators are willing to mine knowledge from real-world dataset which implies the pattern of user mentality on this changing world. To identify the usage of 2G and 3G services the classification models were trained using the data collected from PAKDD 2006 dataset. In order to obtain the prediction accuracy, the classifiers were evaluated using 10 folds cross validation. On comparing the results of the experiment, J48 performed more accurately and random tree consumed less time.

关键词：移动运营商呼叫详细记录技术决策树现实世界预测精度分类模型交叉验证

Role of plasmapheresis in early allograft dysfunction following deceased donor liver transplantation

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World Journal of Hematology 2017年第1期6卷 24-27页

作者： Ashwin Rammohan Deepti Sachan Satish Logidasan Jeswanth Sathyanesan ravichandran Palaniappan Mohamed Rela Institute of Liver Disease and Transplantation Global Hospitals and Health City Institute of Surgical Gastroenterology and Liver Transplantation Govt Stanley Medical College Hospital Institute of Liver Studies King’s College Hospital

The role of plasmapheresis in liver failure and hepatic encephalopathy is undefined and its use as a strategy to salvage patients with severe allograft dysfunction after liver transplantation remains investigational. We present a case of early allograft dysfunction following deceased donor liver transplantation(DDLT) where plasmapheresis was effective as a bridge to recovery and possibly avoiding a retransplantation. A 16 years old boy, known to have decompensated Wilson's disease underwent DDLT at our Public Sector Hospital. He received a healthy liver from a brain-dead donor, whose liver was considered too large for the boy. The graft was reduced in situ to a left lobe graft. Surgery was uneventful and the recipient was well for the initial 96 h. On Doppler and further computed tomography scan, a partial portal vein thrombus was noted. He was reexplored and a Fogarty endothombecteomy was performed. Following the second surgery, he developed severe allograft dysfunction with a peak bilirubin of 40 mg/d L. He underwent imaging to rule out technical causes for the dysfunction, followed by a liver biopsy, which revealed acute cellular rejection. Multiple cycles of plasmapheresis were initiated. Over the next two weeks, the graft demonstrated a gradual recovery. He was discharged on the 30 th postoperative day, with a serum bilirubin of 5.5 mg/d L. He remains well on follow-up, with the liver function tests improving further. Our report demonstrates the beneficial effect of plasmapheresis, which appears to be an effective treatment option for early allograft dysfunction following liver transplantation and may obviate the need for retransplantation.

关键词： Liver transplantation Allograft dysfunction Plasmapheresis

Effect of picking multiple colonies on antimicrobial susceptibility diagnostic outcome in a clinical bacteriology setting

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Infectious Diseases Research 2023年第2期4卷 6-9页

作者： Bhoj R Singh Dharmendra K Sinha Varsha Jayakumar Himani Agri Akanksha Yadav ravichandran Karthikeyan Division of Epidemiology ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagar 243122India

giving results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing(AST)even if the infection is detected due to a single type of ***,what should be the minimum number of colonies?The clinical laboratory manuals are silent and give different ***,the present study was conducted to evaluate the impact of picking up more than one colony for antimicrobial ***:The study was conducted on those clinical samples yielding Escherichia coli either as pure culture or as a prominent cause of *** impact of testing multiple colonies of Escherichia coli isolates was assessed on AST results through the detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase(ESBL)producing and Metallo-β-lactamase(MBL)producing Escherichia coli carriage in clinical ***:A total of 1031 samples having *** as the most prominent or single pathogen were *** included testing either one,two,three,four,five,or more than five(6-10)representative *** colonies from 526,247,115,76,31,and 36 samples,*** study revealed that testing of less than three representative colonies significantly(p<0.05)impacts the ***,the best outcome was when≥6 representative colonies were tested for ***:The study suggested that≥6 representative colonies should be emulsified for antimicrobial susceptibility tests not to miss possible infection with ESBL or MBL-producing mutants,even in mono-culture infections.

关键词： ESBL MBL clinical-diagnosis AST antibiotics antimicrobials

The assessment of good and bad bacteria in holy basil(Ocimum sanctum)leaves

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Infectious Diseases Research 2023年第4期4卷 1-21页

作者： Bhoj R Singh Mudit Chandra Himani Agri ravichandran Karthikeyan Akanksha Yadav Varsha Jayakumar Division of Epidemiology ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagarBareilly 243122India Department of Veterinary Microbiology College of Veterinary SciencesGadvasuLudhianaPunjab 141012India

Holy basil(Tulsi,Ocimum sanctum)is considered to be a pious *** is used not only in many of the rituals of Hindus but is also known for its innumerable medicinal *** basil leaves(HBLs)are often consumed raw thus it is pertinent to detect the bacteria on Tulsi *** study was conducted to understand the diversity of the aerobically growing microbiome of edible holy basil leaves.A total of 112 samples of leaves were collected from households of six localities in and around Bareilly,India for detecting culturable bacteria growing aerobically.A sum of 579 bacterial isolates belonging to 106 different species was *** agglomerans isolates were detected in 43 samples followed by isolates Virgibacillus pantothenticus(21),Bacillus coagulans(18),Bacillus cereus(17),Geobacillus stearothermophilus(16),Klebsiella pneumoniae(13),Citrobacter freundii(12),Lysinibacillus sphaericus(12),Acinetobacter calcoaceticus(11),Escherichia coli(11),and Xenorhabdus bovienii(11).Isolates of 95 species of bacteria were detected on<10 samples of *** 579 isolates,161 isolates detected in 68(60.71%)samples were of putatively good bacteria belonging to eight genera(Bacillus,Brevibacillus,Lysinibacillus,Paenibacillus,Photobacter,Siccibacter,Virgibacillus,Xenoirhabdus)and 23 ***,418 bacterial isolates detected in 108(96.43%)of the HBL samples were classified as potentially pathogenic for humans and animals belonging to 34 genera and 73 *** were only four samples(three from Mahanagar and one from Bhojipura)that had no potential pathogenic bacteria detected in this *** analysis indicated that HBL leaves from the ICAR-IVRI campus had a lower probability(P<0.04)of harbouring good bacteria than samples from Bhojpura,Mahanagar,North City and Rajendra *** inhibiting 96.72%of the isolates and carvacrol inhibiting 96.37%of the isolates were the best herbal antimicrobials and among antibiotics,meropenem inhibited 98.96%of bacte

关键词： Ocimum sanctum antimicrobial susceptibility assay aerobic culture isolation good and bad bacteria

Embolization of liver tumors:Past,present and future

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World Journal of Radiology 2012年第9期4卷 405-412页

作者： Ashwin Rammohan Jeswanth Sathyanesan Sukumar Ramaswami Anand Lakshmanan Perumal Senthil-Kumar Ulagendra Perumal Srinivasan Ravi Ramasamy Palaniappan ravichandran The Institute of Surgical Gastroenterology and Liver Transplantation Centre for GI BleedDivision of HPB DiseasesStanley Medical College Hospital Interventional RadiologistInstitute of Surgical Gastroenterology and Liver TransplantationCentre for GI BleedDivision of HPB DiseasesStanley Medical College Hospital

Curative therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),such as resection and liver transplantation,can only be applied in selected patients with early *** advanced stages require local or systemic *** of HCC offers the only hope for *** in patients undergoing resection,recurrences are ***,a technique combining intraarterial chemotherapy with selective tumor ischemia,has been shown by randomized controlled trials to be efficacious in the palliative *** is now renewed interest in transarterial embolization/transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) with regards to its use as a palliative tool in a combined modality approach,as a neoadjuvant therapy,in bridging therapy before transplantation,for symptomatic indications,and even as an alternative to *** have also been rapid advances in the agents being embolized trans-arterially(genes,biological response modifiers,etc.).The current review provides an evidence-based overview of the past,present and future trends of TACE in patients with HCC.

关键词： Liver tumors Embolization Chemoembolization Review