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A numerical case study on the long-term seismic assessment of reinforced concrete tunnels in corrosive environments

Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第3期15卷 551-572页

作者： Maria Antoniou Antonios Mantakas Nikolaos Nikitas raul fuentes ETH Zurich ZurichSwitzerland National Technical University of Athens AthensGreece University of Leeds LeedsUK RWTH Aachen University AachenGermany

The paper investigates the long-term seismic behaviour of an underground reinforced concrete(RC)metro tunnel in Santiago,Chile,considering the combined effects of chloride-induced corrosion and cumulative,low-amplitude seismic shaking on the structure’s performance.The soil-tunnel response is evaluated with the aid of transient,nonlinear finite element analysis using a two-dimensional(2D)plane strain numerical model that adopts advanced nonlinear models for the simulation of soil and concrete plasticity and the dynamic stiffness behaviour.The effects of corrosion deterioration are demonstrated in terms of time-dependent loss of rebar area and cover concrete stiffness and strength.The study illustrates the influence of ageing and repeated seismic shaking on lining deformation,crack development,and the modal characteristics of the intact and degrading systems.The results indicate that multiple lowamplitude events drive the non-degrading RC tunnel beyond its elastic regime without significant structural response consequences.A noticeable impact of corrosion deterioration on the structure’s seismic performance is revealed,increasing with the number and intensity of earthquake events.Two different tunnel embedment depths are comparatively assessed.The analyses demonstrate larger coseismic section convergence in the case of the deeper tunnel,yet a less pronounced effect of ageing and successive seismic loading compared to the shallow section,which is evident in the RC lining cracks at the end of shaking.

关键词： Tunnels Reinforcement corrosion Ageing Earthquakes Numerical modelling Long-term performance Concrete cracking behaviour

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Lessons learnt from a deep excavation for future application of the observational method

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2018年第3期10卷 468-485页

作者： raul fuentes Anton Pillai Pedro Ferreira School of Civil Engineering University of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK Ove Arup and Partners 13 Fitzroy StreetLondonW1T 4BQUK Department of Civil Environmental&Geomatic EngineeringUniversity College LondonChadwick BuildingGower StreetLondonWC1E 6BTUK

This paper draws lessons learnt from a comprehensive case study in overconsolidated clay. Apart from the introduction of the case study, including field measurements, the paper draws on the observations and a three-dimensional（3 D） numerical analysis to discuss the implications of observations in the application of the observational method（OM） in the context of the requirements of EUROCODE 7（EC7）.In particular, we focus on corner effects and time-dependent movements and provide initial guidance on how these could be considered. Additionally, we present the validation of a new set of parameters to check that it provides a satisfactory compliance with EC7 as a set of design parameters. All these findings and recommendations are particularly important for those who want to use the OM in similar future projects.

关键词： Deep excavation Basement Ground movements Wall movements Retaining wall Corner effects Time-dependent movements

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Meta-analysis of ground movements associated with deep excavations using a data mining approach

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第2期11卷 409-416页

作者： Harry Holmes Emilio Garcia-Taengua raul fuentes AECOM Ltd. University of Leeds

This paper presents a rigorous statistical approach to identify the controlling factors in the development of ground movements associated with deep excavations. It also gives the most suitable definition of support stiffness from many suggested definitions in the literature. The study is based on a newly compiled database from 389 case studies of propped and anchored excavations. Data mining techniques(e.g. principal component analysis and multi-linear regression) were used to identify significant relationships between the parameters under study and to quantify the global trends in the database. The study shows that the main factors controlling the ground movements are those related to ground conditions, confirming the conclusions of previous empirical studies. It is also shown that the definition of Addenbrooke et al.(1994) is the most suitable expression of support stiffness, therefore providing conclusive evidence for its future use.

关键词： Geomechanics Slope stability Special soil Unsaturated soil

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Association between Helicobacter pylori infection,mismatch repair,HER2 and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第6期16卷 2487-2503页

作者： Carlos A Castaneda Miluska Castillo Luis A Bernabe Joselyn Sanchez Matteo Fassan Katherine Tello Ignacio Ivan Wistuba Ivan Chavez Passiuri Eloy Ruiz Juvenal Sanchez Fernando Barreda Daniel Valdivia Yaqueline Bazan Milagros Abad-Licham Claudio Mengoa Hugo fuentes Paola Montenegro Ebert Poquioma raul Alatrista Claudio J Flores Luis Taxa Faculty of Health Sciences Universidad Cientifica del SurLima 15038Peru GECO PERU Grupo de Estudios Clinicos Oncologicos del PeruLima 15038Peru Department of Research Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades NeoplasicasLima 15038Peru Faculty of Human Medicine Universidad Ricardo PalmaLima 15039Peru Department of Medicine Surgical Pathology&Cytopathology UnitUniversity of PaduaPadua 35121Italy Department of Translational Molecular Pathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Abdominal Surgery Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades NeoplasicasLima 15038Peru Department of Pathology Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades NeoplasicasLima 15038Peru Department of Medical Specialties Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades NeoplasicasLima 15038Peru Department of Pathology Instituto Regional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas del NorteTrujillo 13001Peru Faculty of Human Medicine Universidad Privada Antenor OrregoTrujillo 13008Peru Department of Surgery Instituto Regional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas del SurArequipa 04002Peru Department of Medical Oncology Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades NeoplasicasLima 15038Peru Department of Epidemiology Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades NeoplasicasLima 15038Peru Unidad de Investigación Básica y Traslacional Oncosalud-AUNALima 15038Peru Faculty of Medicine Universidad San Martin de PorresLima 15008Peru

BACKGROUND The influence of Helicobacter-pylori(H.pylori)infection and the characteristics of gastric cancer(GC)on tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte(TIL)levels has not been extensively studied.Analysis of infiltrating-immune-cell subtypes as well as survival is necessary to obtain comprehensive information.AIM To determine the rates of deficient mismatch-repair(dMMR),HER2-status and H.pylori infection and their association with TIL levels in GC.METHODS Samples from 503 resected GC tumors were included and TIL levels were evaluated following the international-TILs-working-group recommendations with assessment of the intratumoral(IT),stromal(ST)and invasive-border(IB)compartments.The density of CD3,CD8 and CD163 immune cells,and dMMR and HER2-status were determined by immunohistochemistry(IHC).H.pylori infection was evaluated by routine histology and quantitative PCR(qPCR)in a subset of samples.RESULTS dMMR was found in 34.4%,HER2+in 5%and H.pylori-positive in 55.7%of samples.High IT-TIL was associated with grade-3(P=0.038),while ST-TIL with grade-1(P<0.001),intestinal-histology(P<0.001)and no-recurrence(P=0.003).dMMR was associated with high TIL levels in the ST(P=0.019)and IB(P=0.01)compartments,and STCD3(P=0.049)and ST-CD8(P=0.05)densities.HER2-was associated with high IT-CD8(P=0.009).H.pylorinegative was associated with high IT-TIL levels(P=0.009)when assessed by routine-histology,and with high TIL levels in the 3 compartments(P=0.002-0.047)and CD8 density in the IT and ST compartments(P=0.001)when assessed by qPCR.A longer overall survival was associated with low IT-CD163(P=0.003)and CD8/CD3(P=0.001 in IT and P=0.002 in ST)and high IT-CD3(P=0.021),ST-CD3(P=0.003)and CD3/CD163(P=0.002).CONCLUSION TIL levels were related to dMMR and H.pylori-negativity.Low CD8/CD3 and high CD163/CD3 were associated with lower recurrence and longer survival.

关键词： Lymphocytes Macrophages Gastric cancer Helicobacter pylori HER2 Mismatch repair

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仿生土木工程研究进展与展望

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土木与环境工程学报(中英文) 2023年

作者：仉文岗何祥嵘刘汉龙孙伟鑫韩馥柽 raul fuentes Gustavo Paneiro 亚琛工业大学土木工程学院里斯本大学建筑学院重庆大学土木工程学院

随着城镇化水平不断提升，中国每年新增建筑面积约20亿m2，大规模的基础设施建设对土木工程的理论和技术创新要求越来越高。学者们通过研究自然界的增强增韧、水下黏合、钻孔掘进和轻质高强等现象发现生物体具有独特的外部形态和组织结... 详细信息

随着城镇化水平不断提升，中国每年新增建筑面积约20亿m2，大规模的基础设施建设对土木工程的理论和技术创新要求越来越高。学者们通过研究自然界的增强增韧、水下黏合、钻孔掘进和轻质高强等现象发现生物体具有独特的外部形态和组织结构，通过模仿生物体的外部形态、结构特征或运动机理可为土木工程技术创新和可持续发展提供新思路、新原理和新理论。从仿生材料、仿生结构和仿生机械与构筑物3个方面阐述仿生学在土木工程中的应用，列举典型的应用案例，并对仿生土木工程进行总结和展望，为未来的研究提供基础材料。仿生土木工程作为新兴的研究方向其基础理论尚不完善，仿生土木工程涉及生物、材料、结构等多学科的交叉研究，需要开展不同领域间的协同合作。

关键词：仿生学土木工程仿生材料仿生结构仿生机械与构筑物

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Healthcare use among people with diabetes mellitus in Europe:a population-based cross-sectional study

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2022年第4期10卷 16-23页

作者： Álvaro fuentes-Merlos JoséAntonio Quesada-Rico raul Reina Domingo Orozco-Beltrán Faculty of Medicine Miguel Hernandez University of ElcheSant Joan D'AlacantSpain Department of Sports Sciences Sport Research CentreMiguel Hernandez University of ElcheElcheSpain

Objective This study aimed to determine the association of health determinants,lifestyle and socioeconomic variables on healthcare use in people with diabetes in Europe.Design A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the European Health Interview Survey wave 2(ie,secondary analysis).Setting The sample included data from 25 European countries.Participants The sample included 16270 patients with diabetes aged 15 years or older(49.1%men and 50.9%women).Results The survey data showed that 58.2%of respondents had seen their primary care physician in the past month and 22.6%had been admitted to the hospital in the past year.Use of primary care was associated with being retired(prevalence ratio(PR)1.13,95%CI 1.07 to 1.19)and having very poor self-perceived health(PR 1.80,95%CI 1.51 to 2.15),long-standing health problems(PR 1.14,95%CI 1.04 to 1.24),high blood pressure(PR 1.06,95%CI 1.03 to 1.10)and chronic back pain(PR 1.07,95%CI 1.04 to 1.11).Hospital admission was associated with very poor self-perceived health(PR 3.03,95%CI 2.14 to 4.31),accidents at home(PR 1.54,95%CI 1.40 to 1.69),chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)(PR 1.34,95%CI 1.22 to 1.47),high blood pressure(PR 1.08,95%CI 1.01 to 1.17),chronic back pain(PR 0.91,95%CI 0.84 to 0.98),moderate difficulty walking(PR 1.33,95%CI 1.21 to 1.45)and severe difficulty walking(PR 1.67,95%CI 1.51 to 1.85).Conclusions In the European diabetic population,the high cumulative incidences of primary care visits and hospital admissions are associated with labour status,alcohol consumption,self-perceived health,long-standing health problems,high blood pressure,chronic back pain,accidents at home,COPD and difficulty walking.

关键词： admitted sectional difficulty

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Preclinical models of idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury(iDILI):Moving towards prediction

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第12期11卷 3685-3726页

作者： Antonio Segovia-Zafra Daniel E.Di Zeo-Sanchez Carlos Lopez-Gomez Zeus Perez-Valdes Eduardo Garcıa-fuentes raul J.Andrade M.Isabel Lucena Marina Villanueva-Paz Unidad de Gestio´n Clı´nica de Gastroenterologı´a Servicio de Farmacologıa ClınicaInstituto de Investigacio´n Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMAHospital Universitario Virgen de la VictoriaUniversidad de MalagaMalaga 29071Spain Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red en el Area Tematica de Enfermedades Hepaticas y Digestivas(CIBERehd) Madrid 28029Spain Platform ISCIII de Ensayos Clınicos UICEC-IBIMAMalaga 29071Spain Unidad de Gestion Clınica de Aparato Digestivo Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga(IBIMA)Hospital Universitario Virgen de la VictoriaMalaga 29010Spai

Idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury(iDILI) encompasses the unexpected harms that prescription and non-prescription drugs,herbal and dietary supplements can cause to the liver.iDILI remains a major public health problem and a major cause of drug attrition.Given the lack of biomarkers for iDILI prediction,diagnosis and prognosis,searching new models to predict and study mechanisms of iDILI is necessary.One of the major limitations of iDILI preclinical assessment has been the lack of correlation between the markers of hepatotoxicity in animal toxicological studies and clinically significant iDILI.Thus,major advances in the understanding of iDILI susceptibility and pathogenesis have come from the study of well-phenotyped iDILI patients.However,there are many gaps for explaining all the complexity of iDILI susceptibility and mechanisms.Therefore,there is a need to optimize preclinical human in vitro models to reduce the risk of iDILI during drug development.Here,the current experimental models and the future directions in iDILI modelling are thoroughly discussed,focusing on the human cellular models available to study the pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease and the most used in vivo animal iDILI models.We also comment about in silico approaches and the increasing relevance of patient-derived cellular models.

关键词： Drug-induced liver injury Preclinical models Mechanisms Oxidative stress Mitochondrial damage Immune response Personalized medicine

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